Quiz 1 Flashcards
How did the dutch name the fishes that were unidentified
- Elft
- Twalift
- Dirtienen
Were were common fishes observed in 1633, 1644, 1656
- Sturgeon
- Pike
- Twalift
- Dirtienen
- trout
- perch
What were charateristics of the elft species
- Herring-like
- Abundant, then disappears
- Runs river before twalift
- most likely an American shad
What were the characteristics of the twalift species
- scales like salmon
- run river in spring
- six stripes on each side
- everywhere
- most likely a striped bass
What were characteristics of the dirtienen species
- scales and shape like carp
- yellow
- runs after twalift
- not very clear what it was, possibly a red horse sucker
Who published the first work on fishes of new york
-Schopf
Significance of Walbaum
-provided scientific names for a number of species only listed by Schopf by common name
Who published the fishes of new york, described and arranged
- Mitchill
- the bay anchovy bears his name
Significance of Rafinesque
- described many fishes from upstate New York
- also described imaginary fishes
Who described fishes of the Appalachians
-Cope
Emmeline Moore
- first woman full-timee researcher
- ran the new york state biological survey
What casual factors determine the patterns and presence of our fish fauna
- Climate
- Biogeography (distribution of organisms and the factors that determine distributions)
- Landforms
- Glaciers
- Hydrology
How did glaciers affect fish fauna
- erradicated everything in immediate vicinity
- created refugee that fish recolonized
- Species split by glacier began to diversify
- first recolonizes were tolerant species
Uninteneded anthropogenic influences on fish fauna
- acid precip
- habitat alteration through land use change
- climate change
- canalization of ny waterways
- dams
Landuse affects on fish
- dams
- logging
- agriculture
Semi diurnal tides
-occur twice a day
Diurnal tides
-occur once a day
Traditional gears used in Hudson River fisheries
- stake nets
- drift nets
- pound nets
- Haul seining
What fish used to prominent in the Hudson but is now in lower numbers due to commercial fishing
-American shad
What is the dominant reproduction in river systems
-Allochthonous (organic matter and nutrients C, N, P)
Major species fished in Hudson
- Striped bass
- Lobster*
- Winter flounder*
- Hake
- Scup
How have zebra mussels impacted the Hudson
- lowers chlorophyll availablilty
- impacts lower levels of the food web
Model used to describe growth of a population
- exponential growth equation
- (dN/dt)=r(t)
- r fish the pop growth rate
- N is the number of organisms
Simplification of the exponential growth rate
Nt=No(e^rt)
What is a population size limited by
- briths and deaths
- immigration and migration
- additions and loses
Type 1 survivorship curve
- high survival early, low survival late
- Humans
Type 2 survivorship curve
- Avian populations
- constant
Type 3 survivorship curve
- fish
- high chance of death early, low chance of death late in life
What is a population
-a collection of similar organisms that live together
what is the benefit of a life table analysis
-able to keep track of the numbers of survivors, the birth rates, and survival rates
Life table analysis variables
x is age
S(x) is number of survivors to age x
b(x) is number of births per female of age x
l(x) is the probability of surviving from age 0 to x (=S(x)/S(0))
