Quiz 7

Question 0

What is the definition of concepts?

Answer 0

Mental categories used to group objects, events, and characteristics

Question 1

What is the definition of thinking?

Answer 1

Mentally manipulating information by forming concepts, solving problems, reasoning, and making decisions

Question 2

What is the definition of problem solving?

Answer 2

An attempt to find an appropriate way of attaining a goal when the goal is not result available

Question 3

What are the methods of problem solving?

Answer 3

(1) subgoaling - setting intermediate goals in order to reach a long term
(2) algorithms - strategies that guarantee a solution
(3) heuristics - strategies that narrow down possible solutions to a problem but no guaranteed answer

Question 4

What are problem solving obstacles?

Answer 4

(1) fixation - failing to look at problem from new perspective
(2) functional fixed mess - type of fixation in which individuals fail to solve problems because they view it in terms of its usual functions

Question 5

What is the definition of decision making?

Answer 5

Evaluating alternatives and making choices among them

Question 6

What is the confirmation bias?

Answer 6

Tendency to search for information that supports ideas rather than refutes them

Question 7

What is the availability and representative heuristic?

Answer 7

(Availability) When an event has recently occurred, it is highly available in memory, leading us to overestimate its future occurrence
(Representative) Making a faulty decision based on how well something matches a prototype

Question 8

What is the definition of intelligence?

Answer 8

Ability to solve problems and ability to adapt and learn from experience

Question 9

What are the three good qualities of a good intelligence test?

Answer 9

(1) validity - measures what it is intended to measure
(2) reliability - yields consistent
(3) standardization - uniform procedures

Question 10

What are the three components of Sternbergs theory of intelligence?

Answer 10

(1) analytical - traditionally what has been called intelligence
(2) creative - ability to produce novel and valuable ideas
(3) practical - information about getting along in the world you did not learn in school

Question 11

What is necessary for creative intelligence?

Answer 11

(1) expertise (2) imaginative thinking skills (3) adventuresome personality (4) intrinsically motivated (5) creative environment