Quiz 2 Flashcards
What is Piaget’s schema?
Concept or framework that already exists in a persons mind and that organizes and interprets information.
What is the difference between nature and nurture?
Nature is hereditary and “pre-programmed”. Nurture develops through environment.
What is Piaget’s assimilation?
Incorporate new information into existing schemas
What is Piaget’s accommodation?
Adjust schemas to new information
What is Piaget’s 1st Stage?
Sensorimotor (0-2 years)
Infants integrate sensory and motor actions, motor actions are random, object permanence (5-8 months)
What is Piaget’s 2nd Stage?
Preoperational (2-7 years)
Words, images, and drawings represent the world, difficulty with operations, conservation, and egocentrism
What is Piaget’s operations?
Reversing mental representations
What is Piaget’s conservation?
Recognizing objects have permanent qualities despite superficial changes
What is Piaget’s egocentrism?
Unable to see things from another’s perspective
What is Piaget’s intuition?
“Gut feel”
What is Piaget’s 3rd Stage?
Concrete Operational (7-11 years) Use less intrusion and more logic, perform operations, difficulty with abstract thinking, and trial and error thinking.
What is Piaget’s 4th Stage?
Formal Operational (11-young adult) Think more logical and abstract, hypothetical-deductive reasoning
What is Piaget’s hypothetical-deductive reasoning?
Develop hypotheses and solve problems
What is Erickson’s 1st Stage?
Trust vs. Mistrust (0-1 year)
If basic needs are met, infants develop a sense of trust
What is Erickson’s 2nd Stage?
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (1-3 years)
Learn to exercise will and do things
What is Erickson’s 3rd Stage?
Initiative vs. Guilt (3-5 years)
Learn to initiate tasks or feel guilty about being independent, more responsible
What is Erickson’s 4th Stage?
Industry vs. Inferiority (6-Puberty)
Pleasure in accomplishing tasks or feel inferior, energy that was spent in imagination now for education
What is Erickson’s 5th Stage?
Identity vs. Role Confusion (teens-20’s)
Test roles, integrate roles into single identity or become confused
What is Erickson’s 6th Stage?
Intimacy vs. Isolation (20’s-40’s)
Struggle to form close relationships, or feel isolated
What is Erickson’s 7th Stage?
Generatively vs. Stagnation (40’s-60’s)
Contribute to world through family or work or feel a lack of purpose
What is Erickson’s 8th Stage?
Integrity vs. Despair (60’s +)
Reflections on life (success or failure)
What is Kohlberg’s 1st Stage?
Pre-conventional (9 and under)
Punishments and rewards, moral judgement selfish
What is Kohlberg’s 2nd Stage?
Conventional (adolescents)
Parental standards or societal laws
What is Kohlberg’s 3rd Stage?
Post-Conventional (adulthood)
Self governing standards, personal ethic, ethical principles for all humanity, individual rights can sometimes justify breaking the law
