Quiz 6 Flashcards
What is the simplified memory model?
External events TO sensory memory (encoding) TO short-term memory (encoding and retrieving) TO long-term memory
What is the definition of memory?
Retention of information over time
What is sensory memory?
Information from senses in original form for only a brief second
What is working (short-term) memory and the various aspects?
Limited storage capacity, can handle 7 +/- 2 bits of information, and held for about 30 seconds unless encoding strategies used
What are the two encoding strategies?
(1) chunking - groups units into higher-order units that can be remembered as single units (acronyms)
(2) rehearsal - conscious repetition of information
What is long-term memory?
Relatively permanent type of memory that holds huge amounts of information for a long time
What are the types of long-term memory?
(1) explicit - requires conscious recollection of facts and events
(2) implicit - does not require conscious recollection
What is the long-term potentiation theory?
When two neurons are activated at the same time, the synaptic process is strengthened along with memory
What are the two types of memory retrieval?
(1) recall - individual must retrieve previously learned information with no retrieval cues
(2) recognition - individual only has to identify or recognize learned items
What is state dependent memory?
Tendency to recall information better when psychological state or mood is similar to when information was encoded
What is context dependent memory?
Recall information better when in the same context in which the information was learned
What is the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon and a way to overcome it?
Knowing something but not being able to pull it out of memory; can retrieve some but not all of information
Put yourself back in context you learned the information
