quiz 7 (20th/21st century funerals) Flashcards
1
Q
industrialization
A
- after civil war
- west open after railroads finished
- immigration on rise
- cities growing
- expansion of industrial plants/output
- rise in medicalization and funeralazation
2
Q
funerals in early 20th century
A
- people died at home
- embalmed in home
- usually in a homes parlor
- equipment for wake = casket, bier, lamps, candle holders, chairs, curtains, kneeling rail, door badge
3
Q
complications during the time
A
- the delivery of equipment to apartments
- heat and bugs
- procession on foot to churches
- procession in car/horse/carriage/funeral trolley to cemetery
4
Q
funerals in 30s and 40s
A
- same as before
- family hosted in home til 1950s
- burden shifts to funeral homes
- growing need for funeral equipment
- funeral establishments with large rooms begin
- embalming became more sophisticated/required more equipment
5
Q
funerals in the 50s
A
- steady increase in use of funeral homes
- dead were embalmed, dressed, and casketed
- wake was 3 days
- final disposition = burial
- cremation rate = 3.56%
6
Q
funerals in the 60s and 70s
A
- Jessica Midford (journalist) wrote “the american way of death”
- brought lots of attention to problems in the service
- US becoming more diverse
- vietnam war/campus riots/national protests
- death attitudes shifted
- cremation grew in popularity
- funeral providers resisted cremation
7
Q
funerals in the 80s and 90s
A
- federal trade commission established funeral rule
- the AIDs epidemic (bodies would be refused)
- consolidation of funeral homes
- SCI = largest corporation of funeral homes
8
Q
late 20th century
A
- funeral stayed relatively same for decades
- 90s started change and into 21st century
- old school funeral workers = family heritage, conventional burial, didn’t display prices
- new comers to field = cremation and alternatives, to the point services, viewable prices
9
Q
consumer changes
A
- more informed
- more non religious
- more widespread
- emphasize individuality
10
Q
some changes from the competition in the industry
A
- business structure
- technological advances
- alternatives to stand apart
- alternative containers/rental caskets
- online arrangements
- lower/publicized costs
- simplified approach
- memorial society
- women led businesses
- consolidation
- work life balance
11
Q
regulatory changes
A
- rules the FTC are viewing …
- electronic price disclosure
- cremation related fee disclosure
- limited exceptions to basic service fee
- new alternative disposition options
- amendment to embalming disclosure
- improvement to price list readability
- effect on historically underserved communities
- required burial/cremation of fetal remains
- OSHA fines
- formaldehyde ban
12
Q
the actual funeral service
A
- from 3 to 1 days
- no services at all
- memorial services
- new terms for memorial service/visitations = gathering, life celebration, remembrance, death care
- adaptive service = funeral rite adjusted to the needs/wants of those directly involved
- home funerals
13
Q
cremation
A
- 2016: surpassed burial as most popular disposition method
- 2020: 56% of dispositions were cremations
- more flexible and affordable
14
Q
different types of cemeteries
A
- green cemeteries
- parks/cemeteries (garden cemeteries
- scattering gardens
15
Q
expansion of service
A
- event planning
- service animals
- pet funerals/services
- catering/receptions facilities
- grief resources
- celebrants
- home funeral guides
- implementing technology
