quiz 3 (Vikings and Mound Builders) Flashcards
1
Q
who were the vikings
A
- scandinavian seafaring people
- north western europe
- were more civilized than thought
2
Q
what beliefs did the vikings have
A
pagan and christian
3
Q
types of disposition of vikings
A
cremation and inhumation (burial)
4
Q
what was the body care of the vikings
A
- close mouth, nostrils, eyes
- washed and then covered in cloth
- 10 days after death, put in grave/ship
5
Q
viking cremation
A
- they originated it independent from greeks
- fire lit by nearest relative
- was purifying
6
Q
2 themes to cremation for vikings
A
- burn the dead to prevent the sprits from harming the living, free spirit from the body
- ship cremation = for highest people, set afire and set to sea
7
Q
viking burial
A
- tumuli = mound burial
- near their settlements
- ship burial = for highest people
- graves in shape of boat to symbolize journey to afterlife
8
Q
grave goods of the vikings
A
furniture, weapons, utensils, jewelry, food, farm equipment
- sometimes objects broken intentionally for different purpose
9
Q
viking sacrifices
A
- animal sacrifices
- widow sacrificed
- female slave sacrifice (done by older woman “angel of death”)
10
Q
afterlife to the vikings
A
- status did not change in death
- valhalla
- “hall of slain”/fallen warriors
11
Q
the Hopewell culture (mound builders)
A
- early native americans
- ohio river valley
- craftsman, artists, tradesman
- hopewell exchange system
12
Q
disposition of mound builders
A
- cremation = scattered or burned and buried
- exposure burial = exposed to elements
- hopewell = common people cremated, nobility buried intact
13
Q
body care of mound builders
A
- wrapped in clothing, matting, skins
- laid in bed of bark
- painted with ochre and jewelry in grave
14
Q
the positions of body for mound builders deceased
A
- bundled bones, fetal, on back with arms/legs out, sitting
15
Q
skulls to the mound builders
A
- family relics
- found in graves with others
- used in headdresses in ceremonies
