quiz 7

Question 1

active dyes

Answer 1

• Act as a tracer to see distribution of arterial fluid
• Help restore natural color
• Help prevent body from darkening as results of reaction with the blood remaining in body after embalming

Question 2

anticoagulants

Answer 2

• water conditioning agents
• used to maintain blood in a liquid state and making it easy to remove from the circulatory system
• inhibit or stop the clotting of blood

Question 3

buffers

Answer 3

• agents that serve to control the acid base balance of fluid and tissues
• stabilize the acid base balance of the fluid, also maintain the balance of the pH in the tissues when the embalming fluids react with cellular proteins

Question 4

disinfectants

Answer 4

• germicides are incorporated into the arterial fluids, some co injections fluids, cavity fluids, and surface ____
• be sure that formaldehyde is removed from the area as much as possible before working with ____ containing strong oxidizers

Question 5

formadlehyde

Answer 5

• acts harshly on the body tissues, does not diffuse/distribute well
• dehydrates, darkens, and grays body tissues
  discovered by Alexander Butlerov in 1859

Question 6

formalin

Answer 6

formaldehyde generally available as ____; aqueous solution containing 37% formaldehyde gas by mass in water

Question 7

glutaraldehyde

Answer 7

• relative imperviousness of reaction rate to pH changes, particularly in the alkaline range
• Will react with protein at higher pHs that would essentially render formaldehyde inactive

Question 8

humectants

Answer 8

• agents that help control tissue moisture balance
• increases the capability of embalmed tissue to retain moisture
• include glycerin, sorbitol, glycols, and other polyhydroxy alcohols

Question 9

inactive dyes

Answer 9

• give color to fluids
• non cosmetic

Question 10

modifying agents

Answer 10

• Buffers
• Anticoagulants
• Surfactants
• Humectants
• control the rate of action of the main preservative chemicals in embalming formulations

Question 11

paraformaldehyde

Answer 11

• polymer of formaldehyde, a white powdery solid containing 85-99% formaldehyde
• used when powdered preparations are involved, such as hardening compounds or used for “dusting” body walls and viscera

Question 12

perfuming agents

Answer 12

By blending special synthetic essential oils with a harsh preservative chemicals in a formulation, the harshness or “raw” odor of the solution is reduced and replaced to some extent by a more pleasing scent

Question 13

phenol

Answer 13

• also carbolic acid
• classified as a preservative and germicide
• most found components of both arterial and cavity fluids in early days of fluid industry

Question 14

preservatives

Answer 14

• chemical compounds classified under “preservative or fixative chemical” agents in the chemical preservative solution which react with proteins

Question 15

surfactants

Answer 15

• wetting agents, surface tension reducers, penetrating agents, or surface active agents
• reduces the molecular cohesion and surface tension of a liquid so it can flow through smaller apertures

Question 16

vehicles

Answer 16

• liquid that serves as a solvent for embalming fluids
• Must be a solvent or mixture of solvents that keep the active substances in a stable and uniform state during the transport through the circulatory system to all parts of the body

Question 17

cavity fluid

Answer 17

• concentrated embalming chemical injected into the cavities of body following the aspiration of the body, - can also be used in hypodermic and surface embalming

Question 18

co injection fluid

Answer 18

• primarily used to supplement and enhance the action of vascular solutions
• Designed to enhance the distribution and effectiveness of the arterial solution

Question 19

hypertonic solution

Answer 19

if a solution contains a greater quantity of a dissolved substance than is found in the blood, it is said to be ____

Question 20

hypotonic solution

Answer 20

if a solution contains less of a dissolved substance than is found in blood, it is said to be ____

Question 21

pre embalming analysis

Answer 21

the strength and volume of the initial arterial solution is determined by this

Question 22

pre injection fluid

Answer 22

• supplemental fluid that may be injected before the injection of preservative arterial solution
• Expand vascular system, promotes drainage, prepare the tissues for reception of preservative arterial solution

Question 23

preservative demand

Answer 23

amount of preservative (formaldehyde) required to effectively preserve and disinfect remains. This amount depends on the condition of the tissues as determined in the embalming analysis

Question 24

primary dilution

Answer 24

concentrated arterial fluid is added to water to form the arterial solution

Question 25

secondary dilution

Answer 25

weakening of the strength of the arterial solution by vascular and interstitial fluids