Quiz 7

Question 1

release energy through breakdown of complex molecules

Answer 1

catabolic/exergonic

Question 2

gain of electron

Answer 2

reduction

Question 3

loss of electron

Answer 3

oxidation

Question 4

NAD+ –> NADH, NAD+ __ electrons and __ energy

Answer 4

gains electrons; loses energy

Question 5

oxidation __ energy, reduction __ energy

Answer 5

loses energy; gains energy

Question 6

cellular respiration is catabolic, always requiring oxygen

Answer 6

false

Question 7

glycolysis takes place in __, krebs takes place in __

Answer 7

cytosol; mitochondrial matrix

Question 8

in glycolysis, ATP is produced by

Answer 8

substrate level phosphorylation

Question 9

most ATP is produced in

Answer 9

oxidative phosphorylation

Question 10

glycolysis produces 2 ATP from each glucose

Answer 10

true

Question 11

krebs begins when __ enters the cycle

Answer 11

acetyl CoA

Question 12

last reaction in krebs produces

Answer 12

a product that’s a substrate for the first reaction in krebs

Question 13

partial degredation of sugars w/o oxygen

Answer 13

fermentation

Question 14

catabolic pathway of mostly aerobic and some anaerobic respiration; breaks down organic molecules and uses electron transport chain to produce ATP

Answer 14

cellular respiration

Question 15

difference between anaerobic and fermentation

Answer 15

both use molecules other than oxygen to carry out reactions

fermentation doesn’t use an electron transport chain and krebs

Question 16

what is oxidized in CR? what is reduced?

Answer 16

glucose is oxidized; oxygen is reduced

Question 17

what is NAD+?

Answer 17

coenzyme, electron acceptor, oxidizing agent, reduced into NADH

Question 18

where do the 3 stages of CR occur?

Answer 18

glycolysis = cytoplasm; krebs = mitochondrial matrix; electron transport chain = cristae

Question 19

what’s substrate level phosphorylation and where does it occur?

Answer 19

transfer of phosphate group from a substrate onto ADP, producing ATP; occurs in glycolysis and krebs

Question 20

oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 20

production of ATP at expense of proton motive force formed by electron transport chain; occurs in electron transport chain

Question 21

what happens during glycolysis?

Answer 21

glucose breaks down into 2 molecules of pyruvate

Question 22

start and end products of glycolysis

Answer 22

start: glucose, 2 ATP, 2 NADH
end: 4 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 pyruvate

Question 23

what are 2 stages of glycolysis?

Answer 23

energy investment and payoff phase

Question 24

what happens to pyruvate in anaorobic?

Answer 24

undergoes fermentation

Question 25

how are glycolysis and krebs linked?

Answer 25

pyruvate from glycolysis is converted to acetyl CoA used in krebs

Question 26

start and end molecules of krebs

Answer 26

start: 2 acetyl CoA
end: 2 ATP, 2 FADH2, 6 NADH, CO2

Question 27

purpose of electron transport chain

Answer 27

pump protons into the intermembrane space

Question 28

main purpose of fermentation?

Answer 28

regenerates NAD+ and is important for glycolysis to continue of oxygen runs out

Question 29

what are 2 types of fermentation?

Answer 29

alcohol: converts pyruvate into ethanol

lactic acid: reduces pyruvate by NADH to form lactate

Question 30

what’s the most common mechanism for metabolic control?

Answer 30

feedback inhibition: inhibits enzyme early

Question 31

importance of ATP in controlling catabolism

Answer 31

if ATP concentration drops, rate of respiration increases, vice versa

Question 32

start and end of electron transport chain

Answer 32

start: NADH and FADH2
end: 32 ATP and water

Question 33

what is proton motive force?

Answer 33

energized state of membrane caused by H+ gradient formed through electron transport chain

Question 34

what is chemiosmosis?

Answer 34

movement of H+ from high to low concentration

Question 35

what does oxidative phosphorylation require?

Answer 35

ATP synthase

Question 36

what does a larger inner membrane area do?

Answer 36

increases surface area for oxidative phosphorylation