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shelf micro > quiz 6 > Flashcards

quiz 6 Flashcards

1
Q

how do we diagnose listeria

A

culture, gram stain

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2
Q

what diseases does listeria cause

A

meningitis in pregnant, granulomatous infantiseptica, spontaneous abortion. outbreaks are uncommon

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3
Q

how does leprosy infect

A

PGL-1 macros and peripheral nerves (schwann cells). respiratory route

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4
Q

what temperature does leprosy grow

A

colder than body.

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5
Q

what is the immune reaction in tuberculoid leprosyu

A

Th1. mainly T cell. this has the ability to spontaneously remit. there are only little bacteria found.

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6
Q

mycobacter cell wall

A

mycolic acid, peptidoglycan, waxy and impermeable to antibiotics.

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7
Q

is TB prevalent

A

yes 33% of the worlds population

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8
Q

how many people does the average infected person infect

A

20

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9
Q

is antibiotic resistance a problem with TB

A

yes

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10
Q

how long to culture TB and on what media

A

2-4 weeks on lowenstein-jensin media

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11
Q

parvovirus genome

A

ssDNA

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12
Q

what is the cellular receptor for parvovirus

A

blood antigen P. found mainly in the bone marrow. infects presursor

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13
Q

what family does rubella belong

A

togavirdae

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14
Q

what is the periodicity of parvovirus infection

A

there are outbreaks about every five years. although there are some infected every year.

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15
Q

how is parvovirus spread

A

blood transfusion, pregnancy, respiratory droplets.

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16
Q

do the paramyoviruses have segmented genomes

A

no. the orthomyxoviruses do

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17
Q

RSV occurs when

A

in the winter

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18
Q

what is RSV and what is it related to

A

paramyxovirus. related to metapneumovirus

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19
Q

where is the hypervariable region for RSV

A

in the G protein. this accounts for reinfection

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20
Q

what are some therapies for RSV

A

supportive, patent airway, nebulized ribaviron, palivizumab.

21
Q

rickettsia

A

intracellular pathogen. small genome. gram negative.

22
Q

how are rickettsia spread

A

through arthropod vectors. maintained in the environment by animals

23
Q

what does rickettsia infect

A

endothelial cells

24
Q

what is the hallmark of scabies

A

interdigitary burrows

25
Q

what is the treatment for bartonella henselae cat scratch fever

A

self limiting

26
Q

how is scabies transmitted

A

by transfer of eggs, larvae or mites to the host skin

27
Q

what is scabies

A

it is a mite that burrows in the skin sercopti scabieai

28
Q

is scabies common

A

one of the three most common skin infections of children

29
Q

what is the best way to diagnose salmonella typhi

A

culture of the bone marrow

30
Q

what is used for the treatment of salmonella typhi

A

cetriaxone, azithromycin. vaccination!

31
Q

does schistosomiasis form granuloma

A

yes. around eggs

32
Q

what immune response is responsible for the granulomas of schistosomiasis. how do they heal

A

eosinophilic, INF and TNF responses. typically with fibrosis

33
Q

what are the clinical features of schistosomiasis

A

skin itch after water, katayama syndrome with dry cough and changes on chest x, nonspecific malaise and tiredness, blood in urine

34
Q

characteristics of s pneumo

A

bullet shaped, capsule, optochin sensitive, alpha hemolytic, resistant to penicillin. does not produce coagulase.

35
Q

what is the most important virulence factor of s penumo

A

caspule

36
Q

discuss the capsule of s penumo

A

antigenically diverse, anti-phagocytic, immunogenic in children over 2yrs of age.

37
Q

techoic acid

A

present in all gram + cell walls.

38
Q

lipotechoic acid

A

also present in all gram + cell walls

39
Q

DOC for strep throat, why treat

A

penicillin. to avoid rheumatic fever

40
Q

what are people with rheumatic fever required to do

A

prophylax antibiotic

41
Q

is toxoplasmosis gondii intracellular

A

yes.

42
Q

what is the definitive host for toxo

A

cat

43
Q

rapidly dividing toxo

A

tachyzoite this is the extracellular stage

44
Q

how do we acquire infection

A

through ingestion of occyst in soil. water ingestion as well.

45
Q

how can we prevent the transmission of toxo

A

through heating and freeze-thawing meats.

46
Q

how is trapanosome transmitted

A

tsetse fly

47
Q

how to prevent trapanosome

A

coregated roofs instead of thatched, limits triemtorine bug population. insectacide treated traps for tsetse flies. screening blood products

48
Q

what is the treatment for aspergillus

A

amphotericin B and vorcionazole

shelf micro (11 decks)

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