fungus review Flashcards
giardia lamblia high risk
infants, children, travelers, immunocompromised, poor sanitation, insufficient water treatment
giardia lamblia infectious dose and form
cysts. low 10-25
giardia lamblia seual reporductive form
trophozoites
what is dangerous about the infectious form
can still shed for up to 6 months making determining the source unlikely
symptomatic giardia lamblia
watery diarrhea, malaise, foul smelling steatorrhea, abdominal cramps, bloating, farts, weight loss, fevers, nausea.
giardia lamblia chronic>
symptoms wax and wane for months
giardia lamblia common?
the most common
cryptosporidium
2nd most common. intracellular parasite of the GI. found throughout the moist months 7-9. contaminated drinking water (fecal-oral). swimming and travelers disease. MOST COMMON AIDS diarrhea f
what does cryptosporidium infect
Gi and respiratory epithelium.
what diseases does cryptosporidium cause
diarrhea and biliary tract disease. malaise, nausea, anorexia, fever, diarrhea. 10-14 days.
entameba histolytica
3rd most common. intestinal amebiasis. most asympt but can cause dysentery and extraintestinal disease. liver abscess, pulmonary, cardiac, brain.
what is the infectious form of entameba histolytica
cystic
where do we get entameba histolytica
from fecal-oral contamination. highly contagious. 1 cyst
life cycle of entameba histolytica
the cyst is swallowed and excysts in the small intestine penetrates the mucous barrier and causes bloody diarrhea.
what is the most common disease caused by entameba histolytica
diarrhea without dysentery
what is the most common extraintestinal finding
liver abscess. infected through the portal system. RUQ pain and fever.
T solium
humans can be the intermediate or definitive hosts. pork tape worm.
what is the definitive host
the host in which the parasite reaches maturity and sexually reproduces.
T solium worm form
originates from people eating the cysts that develop into worms from larvae.
where is T solium most common
asia, south africa, mexico, central america,
what are the symptoms of T solium
generally asymptomatic when it is a tapeworm. must be highly suspicious about autoinfection though. -this means cysticercosis.
what is cystcercosis
major cause of adult onset seizures. neurocysticercosis is wen the cysts reach the brain. mostly related to intracerebral lesions. seizures due to intracranial HTN.
do you get cysticercosis from undercooked pork?
no. this gives you tape worm
diphylloothrium latam
eating undercooked fresh fish with plerocercoid cysts. sushi bar.
where is diphylloothrium latum endemic
scandinavia, california, japan,
how long can diphylloothrium latam survive
30 years.
what are the symptoms of diphylloothrium latam
asymptomatic, if any they will be nonspecific dizziness, salt craving, diarrhea. prolonged B12 deficiency. megaloblastic anemia
T saginata
beef tape.
how is T saginata transmitted
infectious larval cysts. rare streak, kebobs, they are large. 10m. proglittids are motile and will climb out of the anus onto clothing
acaris lumbricoides
most common helminthic infection. live and mate in the small intestine primarily in the jejunum.
what does acaris lumbricoides look like
pink-white worms.
does acaris lumbricoides produce eggs
huge egg production.
what is the life cycle of acaris lumbricoides
eggs swallowed, invade the intestinal mucosa, carried to the lungs, penetrate the parenchyma, climb up the bronchial tree and are swallowed. they survive in the small intestine.
what symptoms canacaris lumbricoides causes
cough, chest discomfort, eosinophilia, dyspnea, eosinophilic pneumonia. they cause intestinal obstruction, bile obstruction, pancreatic duct, appendicitis. perforation. intussusception, valvulus, perforation.
