Quiz 5: Sensory Systems/ Brain Health

Question 1

Signals from multiple sensory modalities are integrated to produce coherent perceptual experiences. Which of the following regions is important for sensory integration?

a) The cingulate gyrus
b) The angular gyrus
c) The postcentral gyrus
d) The precentral gyrus

Answer 1

b) The angular gyrus

Question 2

Pain is a complex perceptual experience with sensory/discriminative and emotional dimensions. Which of the following brain regions is not primarily involved in the emotional dimension of pain processing?

a) The amygdala
b) The primary somatosensory cortex
c) The medial prefrontal cortex
d) The anterior cingulate corte

Answer 2

b) The primary somatosensory cortex

Question 3

Every pure tone preferentially stimulates a particular subpopulation of A1 neurons, and each A1 neuron maximally responds to a particular frequency. The frequency to which an A1 neuron maximally responds is called its:

a) fundamental frequency
b) harmonic frequency
c) characteristic frequency
d) tonotopic frequency

Answer 3

c) characteristic frequency

Question 4

Which of the following spatial memory tasks involves a target hole and escape box localized by visual cues?

a) Barnes maze
b) Morris water maze
c) Hebb-Williams maze
d) Radial arm maze

Answer 4

a) Barnes maze

Question 5

Neurons that respond to activation of two distinct sensory systems (found in association cortex) are called:

a) bipolar neurons
b) interneurons
c) bimodal neurons
d) binocular neurons

Answer 5

c) bimodal neurons

Question 6

You have just completed data collection for an experiment investigating the effects of social interactions on pain perception. You find that undergraduate students tend to report less pain (lower pain intensity) in response to painful stimuli when they are tested in groups, rather than when they are tested alone. The presence of one’s peers improves one’s mood and thereby reduces the negative emotional aspects of the pain. This is evidence for which of the following?

a) descending control of pain
b) placebo effect
c) ascending control of pain
d) inhibitory control of pain

Answer 6

a) descending control of pain

Question 7

Which of the following physical/perceptual dimension pairs associated with sound and hearing is incorrect?

a) frequency; pitch
b) complexity; timbre
c) amplitude; loudness
d) complexity; location

Answer 7

d) complexity; location

Question 8

Which of the following hypotheses suggests that synesthesia results from abnormal connectivity between brain regions involved in processing sensory signals?

a) the inhibition failure hypothesis
b) the semantic vacuum hypothesis
c) the cross-talk hypothesis
d) the neonatal synesthesia hypothesis

Answer 8

c) the cross-talk hypothesis

Question 9

A young woman has a tumor in her right hemisphere that has damaged the right ventral posterior nucleus of the thalamus. Which of the following perceptual disturbances would you expect this woman to exhibit?

a) Reduced somatosensation on the left side of her face
b) Reduced vision in the right eye
c) Reduced vision in the left eye
d) Reduced somatosensation on the right side of her face

Answer 9

a) Reduced somatosensation on the left side of her face

Question 10

The current model of sensory system organization is:

a) Hierarchical, functionally segregated, and serial
b) Hierarchical, functionally homogeneous, and serial
c) Hierarchical, functionally homogenous, and parallel
d) Hierarchical, functionally segregated, and parallel

Answer 10

d) Hierarchical, functionally segregated, and parallel

Question 11

Which technique is used to break down a complex sound consisting of multiple sound waves into its component sine waves?

a) pitch analysis
b) timbre analysis
c) Fourier analysis
d) frequency analysis

Answer 11

c) Fourier analysis

Question 12

which of the following refers to a spatial arrangement in which neurons are organized within a region as a function of the frequency to which they maximally respond?

a) tonotopy
b) characteristic frequency
c) somatotopy
d) retinotopy

Answer 12

a) tonotopy

Question 13

why might a cochlear implant be less effective for restoring a frequency discrimination when it is implanted in a teenager or adult compared to a child?

a) brain plasticity increases as the brain develops and matures
b) the sensitive period for A 1 development has not yet opened
c) the sensitive period for A1 development has already closed
d) hair cells within the cochlea become damaged as an individual ages

Answer 13

c) the sensitive period for A1 development has already closed

Question 14

what would be the most detrimental to the development of A1 in a young child?

a) traffic noise outside the window
b) a white noise machine to calm the child
c) music
d) adults talking

Answer 14

b) a white noise machine to calm the child

Question 15

the angular gyrus is located at the junction of which lobes?

a) frontal, parietal, and temporal
b) frontal, parietal, and occipital
c) parietal, temporal, and occipital
d) frontal and parietal

Answer 15

c) parietal, temporal, occipital

Question 16

which of the following tasks would you NOT expect to be difficult for a person who has suffered damage to her angular gyrus?

a) writing a sentence about herself
b) interpreting a written passage about the brain
c) adding three numbers together
d) differentiating between two colors

Answer 16

d) differentiating between two colors

Question 17

the mapping of speech sounds onto visual objects (the bouba/ Kiki effect) was first observed by:

a) vilayanur ramachandran
b) edward hubbard
c) wolfgang kohler
d) jamie ward

Answer 17

c) wolfgang kohler

Question 18

the most well-researched form of synesthesia involves the involuntary perception of ___________ in response to __________.

a) colour; letters and/or numbers
b) scents; letters and/or numbers
c) colour; timbre of instruments
d) scents; words

Answer 18

a) color; letters and/or numbers

Question 19

which of the following cortical areas is primarily involved in processing discriminative elements of pain?

a) cingulate cortex
b) primary somatosensory cortex
c) frontal cortex
d) both a and b

Answer 19

b) primary somatosensory cortex

Question 20

which of the following brain regions is/are implicated in placebo-analgesia

a) primary sensory cortex
b) anterior cingulate cortex
c) prefrontal cortex
d) both b and c

Answer 20

d) both b and c

Question 21

the study conducted by Lieberman and colleagues involved patients suffering from:

a) cancer
b) multiple sclerosis
c) fibromyalgia
d) irritable bowel disease

Answer 21

d) irritable bowel disease

Question 22

based on the study conducted by Lieberman and colleagues, for pain control in irritable bowel disease, you are best off receiving ________ because __________.

a) a standard analgesic / they are the most effective pain-reducing treatments available
b) no drug treatment/ there are no effective drugs available to control pain
c) a placebo / they can be as effective as standard analgesics
d) a placebo / because they are less effective, but have no problematic side-effects

Answer 22

c) a placebo ; they can be as effective as standard analgesics