Quiz 5: Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

competition

A

a social process that occurs when rewards are given to people based on how their performances compare to the performances of others participating in the same event

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2
Q

cooperation

A

a social process through which performance is evaluated and rewarded in terms of collective achievement of a group of people working together to reach a particular goal

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3
Q

Which is more successful?

A

based on task complexity, or how complex a task is determining which has higher success, cooperation is more successful

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4
Q

four stages of competition are…

A

objective competitive situation, subjective competitive situation, response, and consequences

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5
Q

objective competitive situation

A

“an individual’s performance is
compared with some standard of excellence, in the presence of at least one other person who is aware of the criterion for comparison”

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6
Q

subjective competitive situation

A

evaluating the situation (perception, acceptance, appraisal of objective)

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7
Q

3 types of competitive orientations

A

competitiveness (enjoyment of competition), win orientation (winning more important than personal standards), and goal orientation (improving own performance)

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8
Q

Response

A

a response to compete can occur at the behavioral, physiological, or psychological level, or at all three levels

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9
Q

Consequences

A

are positive or negative, based on athletes’ perceptions positive can be a success, and negative can be a failure

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10
Q

Tripplett’s Cyclists 1898

A

Norman Tripplett; found that cyclists were faster when racing against or with another cyclist than when racing alone against the clock; discovered face-to-face competition enhances performance

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11
Q

Deutsch’s Puzzles 1949

A

Morton Deutsch; students participate in puzzle solving with a competitive condition vs cooperation condition
- competitive: winner rewarded (self-centered, poor communication conflict)
- cooperation: group ranking (communication, sharing info, friendships)

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12
Q

competition in girls v. boys?

A
  • Boys play competitive games more frequently than girls do.
  • Girls play in predominantly male groups more often than boys play games in predominantly female groups.
  • Girls’ games are more spontaneous, imaginative, and freer in structure than boys’ games.
  • Boys see themselves as more physically skilled than girls see themselves, even though gender differences in actual skill levels are small or nonexistent.
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13
Q

decompetition

A

opponents see each other as rivals, striving against each other to win the competition.

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14
Q

competition good or bad?

A

it is not necessarily good or bad, it can lead to both positive and negative outcomes

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15
Q

examples of four stages

A

OCS: You go out alone for a 3-mile jog, setting a goal for yourself to run this distance in 21 minutes
SCS: one gymnast may look forward to competing in a championship meet as a means of gaining experience, whereas another gymnast facing the same objective situation may dread the upcoming meet
Response: a physiological level, your response might be that your heart starts to beat faster, and your
hands become cold and clammy
Consequences: although you might have lost the game, you might still perceive the outcome as positive if you played well and met your own standard of excellence.

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