Quiz 5 Flashcards
What arteries supply the abdominal muscles (wall)?
Cranial abdominal a.
Cranial epigastric a.
Caudal epigastric a.
Deep circumflex iliac a.
What nerves supply the ventral & lateral abdominal muscles (wall)?
Cranial iliohypogastric n. (L1)
Caudal ioliohypogastric n. (L2)
Ilioinguinal n. (L3)
Lateral cutaneous femoral n. (L4)
Deep vessels of abdominal wall
Abdominal aorta External iliac a. -> femoral a. Deep femoral a. Pudendoepigastric trunk -> ext. pudendal a. -> caudal superficial epigastric a. Caudal epigastric a.
Caudal superficial epigastric a. supplies which mammae?
Cranial & caudal abdominal
Inguinal
+ prepuce in males
What supplies the scrotum in males & labia in females
Small dorsal branch of caudal superficial epigastric a.
External pudendal a.
Origin: pudendoepigastric trunk
Gives rise to: caudal superficial epigastric a.
Emerges from: superficial inguinal ring
Supply blood to: gracilis m.
Vaginal tunic
Male
Double peritoneal fold
Encloses the spermatic cord & testis
Made of:
Visceral layer (adheres to testis & cord)
Parietal layer (lines scrotum & inguinal canal)
Vaginal process
Female
Diverticulum
Encloses the round ligament of the uterus
Found in free edge of perpendicular sheet of broad ligament
Passes from caudal pole of ovary to inguinal canal
Inguinal canal structures (male)
External pudendal a & v.
Genitofemoral n.
Cremaster m.
Spermatic cord
Inguinal canal structures (female)
External pudendal a & v.
Genitofemoral n.
Vaginal process
Genitofemoral nerve
Arises from ventral branch of L3 & L4
Males: innervates cremaster m. & part of prepuce
Females: innervates pubic area
Cremaster muscle
Arises from internal abdominal oblique m
Attaches to parietal vaginal tunic near testis
Raise & lower scrotum: regulate temp. of testis & promote spermatogenesis
Spermatic cord
Carried through inguinal canal by descent of testis Contains: Vas deferens Testicular a. & v. (pampiniform plexus) Testicular lymph vessels Testicular nerve plexus (L3-5)
Falciform ligament
Fold of peritoneum that passes from umbilicus to diaphragm & attaches to liver
Round ligament of liver
Found in free margin of falciform ligament
Fetal remnant of umbilical vein
Median ligament of the bladder
In fetus it contains the urachus
Urachus
Fetal remnant of allantois
A canal that drains the urinary bladder of the fetus that runs within the umbilical cord
Round ligament of the bladder
Remnants of umbilical arteries in the lateral ligaments of the bladder
Caudal to the umbilicus
Attaches to the bladder
Abdominal viscera
Internal organ of the abdomen: Greater & lesser omentum Urinary bladder Spleen Diaphragm Liver Gallbladder Pancreas Stomach Small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) Large intestine (Cecum, colon) Adrenal glands Kidneys Reproductive tract
Greater omentum
Double-layered sac (leaves):
Superficial leaf (ventral body wall)
Deep leaf (abdominal organs)
Attachment: greater curvature of the stomach
Covers: jejunum & ileum
Composition: lacelike w/ fat deposits along vessels
Omental bursa
Space between the two leaves of the greater omentum
Gastrosplenic ligament
Section of greater omentum that attaches spleen to stomach
Urinary bladder
When contracted (empty): lies on floor of pelvic inlet When distended (full): lies on floor of abdomen & adapts in shape by displacing movable viscera
Pelvic inlet
Area between abdomen & pelvis
Uterus
Small
Consists of: short cervix, body, two long horns
Gravid uterus: lies on floor of abdomen, horns gravitate cranially & ventrally to lie medial to costal arch
Spleen
Located in superficial leaf (along greater curvature of stomach)
Caudally: can reach a transverse plane to midlumbar region
Closely associated with circulatory system (fxns in destruction of old red blood cells)
Provides: lymphocytes & antibodies (absence can lead to predisposition to certain infections)
Diaphragm
Muscular partition between thoracic & abdominal cavities Muscle of inspiration Parts: Tendinous center Muscular periphery Cupula Aortic hiatus Esophageal hiatus Caval foramen Arterial supply
Tendinous center (diaphragm)
V-shaped non-muscular
Muscular periphery (diaphragm)
Three parts:
Lumbar
Costal
Sternal
Cupula
Cranial part bulges into thorax
Aortic hiatus
Passageway for aorta, azygos vein, & thoracic duct
Esophageal hiatus
Passageway for esophagus, vagal nerve trunk, esophageal vessels
Caval foramen
Passageway for caudal vena cava
Arterial supply (diaphragm)
The phrenic a. between cranial mesenteric a. & renal a.
Liver
Secretes bile salts which emulsify ingested fat Bile is stored in gallbladder Each lobe contains a hepatic duct Lobes (6): Right lateral lobe Right medial lobe Quadrate lobe Left medial lobe Left lateral lobe Caudate lobe (Caudate process & papillary process)
Caudate lobe of liver
Caudate process: has renal impression
Papillary process: Lies in lesser curvature of stomach
Gallbladder
Located in fossa between quadrate & right medial lobe of liver
Neck area continues cystic duct
Unite hepatic & cystic ducts to form bile duct
Cystic duct
Continuation of neck area of gallbladder
Bile duct
Union of hepatic & cystic ducts
Moves through descending duodenum & ends at major duodenal papilla
Pancreas
Located in greater omentum Parts: left lobe, body, right lobe Secretes proteolytic enzymes (digestive enzyme) & insulin (controls blood sugar levels) Ducts: Pancreatic duct Accessory pancreatic duct