Quiz 4 Flashcards
Pleurae
2 serous membranes covering lungs & lining the thorax.
Parietal pleura
Visceral pleura
Parietal pleura
Outer.
Attached to thoracic wall
Attaches via the endothoracic fascia
Visceral pleura
Inner.
Connected to surface of lungs
Pleural cavity
Also called intrapleural space.
Space between visceral and costal pleura.
Filled with pleural fluid (lube for pleurae)
Left & right: separated
Mediastinum
Central compartment of thoracic cavity.
Contains: heart, great vessels of heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus, vagus nerves, & lymph nodes of chest
Phrenicopericardial ligament
Ligament between caudal heart & thoracic wall
Located caudally to heart
Lung lobes
Left: cranial (cranial & caudal), caudal lobes
Right: cranial, middle, caudal, accessory
Cranial lobe of right lung
Between 4th & 5th rib space
Veins cranial to heart
Cranial vena cava Brachiocephalic (external jugular & subclavian) Azygos Thoracic duct Right lymphatic duct
Azygos vein
Last vein entering cranial vena cava
Only on right side
Collects all dorsal intercostal veins
Thoracic duct
Lymph drainage from: Viscera Pelvic limb Left thoracic limb Left tracheal trunk into the left brachiocephalic vein
Right lymphatic duct
Lymph drainage from:
Right thoracic limb
Right tracheal trunk
into the right brachiocephalic vein
Arteries cranial to the heart
Aorta; ascending: Brachiocephalic trunk (right & left common carotoid, right subclavian -> vertebral -> costocervical -> internal thoracic -> superficial cervical -> axillary) Left subclavian (vertebral -> costocervical -> internal thoracic -> superficial cervical -> axillary)
Venipuncture sites
Location of blood collection
Cephalic vein & external jugular
(Axillobrachial & omobrachial)
Lymphatic drainage
The thoracic duct is the chief channel for return of lymph in the body
Rami communicantes
Branches of communication between each spinal nerve & sympathetic trunk
Sympathetic ganglion
A concentrated mass of nerve cell bodies
Mainly: cranial sympathetic ganglion, middle cervical ganglion, & sympathetic trunk ganglion)
Sympathetic pathway
Origin: L1-L3; thoracolumbar region
Parts: Preganglionic pathway, ganglion (close to spinal cord), postganglionic pathway (long fibers w/ lots of branching)
Target organs: smooth muscle & gland of pelvic viscera (urinary tract, genitalia, rectum, & anal canal blood vessels & smooth muscle)
Preganglionic pathway of sympathetic pathway
Ventral root, spinal nerve, ramus communicans, sympathetic trunk, lumbar splanchnic nerves, & caudal mesenteric plexus
Ganglion of sympathetic pathway
Caudal mesenteric ganglion
Postganglionic pathway of sympathetic pathway
Left/right hypogastric nerve to pelvic plexus, branches to pelvic viscera from pelvic plexus
Parasympathetic pathway
Origin: craniosacral region
Parts: preganglionic pathway, ganglion (close to target organs), & postganglionic pathway (short fibers w/ little branching)
Target organs of pelvic viscera: smooth muscle & glands of pelvic viscera (urinary tract, genitalia, descending colon, rectum, & anal canal blood vessels)
Preganglionic pathway of parasympathetic pathway
Ventral root, spinal nerve, ventral primary branch, lumbosacral nerve plexus, pelvic nerve, & pelvic plexus
Ganglion of parasympathetic pathway
Pelvic ganglia