Muscles Flashcards
Superficial pectoral
Two parts: descending pectoral, transverse pectoral
Origin: sternebrae 1-2/3
Insertion: crest of greater tubercle of humerus
Innervation: cranial pectoral (C7-8)
Artery: external thoracic artery
Deep pectoral
Also called: ascending pectoral
Origin: ventral part of sternum; xiphoid cartilage
Insertion: greater & lesser tubercles of humerus
Innervation: caudal pectoral (C8-T1)
Artery: lateral thoracic artery
Brachicephalicus
Three parts: cleidobrachialis, cleidocephalicus (pars cervicalis, pars mastoidea)
Innervation: accessory, ventral cervical nerves
Artery: superficial cervical artery
Cleidobrachialis
Origin: clavicular intersection
Insertion: distal end of cranial border of humerus
Cleidocephalicus (pars cervicalis)
Origin: claviular intersection
Insertion: cranial half of mid-dorsal raphe, nuchal crest, occipital bone
Cleidocephalicus (pars mastoidea)
Origin: clavicular intersection
Insertion: mastoid part of temporal bone
Sternocephalicus
Two parts: mastoid, occipital
Origin: manubrium, first sternebrae
Insertion: mastoid process (mastoid part); occipital bone (occipital part)
Innervation: accessory, ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves
Artery: superficial cervical artery
Sternohyoideus
Origin: first sternebrae, first costal cartilage
Insertion: basihyoid bone
Innervation: ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves
Artery: superficial cervical artery
Sternothyroideus
Origin: first costal cartilage
Insertion: thyroid cartilage
Innervation: ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves
Artery: superficial cervical artery
Omotransversarius
Origin: distal end of spine of scapula, wing of atlas
Insertion: distal spine of scapula
Innervation: accessory
Artery: superficial cervical artery
Trapezius
Two parts: cervical, thoracic Origin: median raphe of neck, supraspinous ligament from C3-T9 Insertion: spine of scapula Innervation: accessory Artery: superficial cervical artery
Rhomboideus
Three parts: capitis, cervicis, thoracis
Origin: capitis (nuchal crest of occipital bone), cervicis (median raphe of neck), thoracis (spinous processes of T1-7)
Insertion: dorsal border of scapula
Innervation: ventral branches of cervical & thoracic spinal nerves
Artery: superficial cervical artery
Latissimus dorsi
Origin: thoracolumbar fascia from spinous process of T7-13 & L1-7, last 2-3 ribs
Insertion: teres major tuberosity of humerus, teres major tendon
Innervation: thoracodorsal, cervical spinal nerves C7-T1
Artery: thoracodorsal artery
Serratis ventralis
Two parts: cervicis, thoracis Origin: cervicis (transverse processes of C3-7), thoracis (ventral-middle ribs 1-7) Insertion: serrated face of scapula Innervation: cervical branches, C7 Artery: external thoracic artery
Deltoideus
Origin: spine & acromial processes of scapula
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity
Innervation: axillary nerve
Artery: caudal circumflex humeral artery
Infraspinatus
Origin: infraspinatus fossa
Insertion: lateral side of greater tubercle of humerus
Innervation: suprascpular nerve
Artery: superficial cervical artery
Teres minor
Origin: infraglenoid tubercle, distal 3rd caudal border of scapula
Insertion: teres minor tuberosity on humerus
Innervation: axillary nerve
Artery: subscapular artery
Supraspinatus
Origin: supraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Innervation: suprascapular nerve
Artery: superficial cervical artery
Subscapularis
Origin: subscapular fossa
Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus
Innervation: subscapular nerve
Artery: subscapular artery
Teres major
Origin: caudal border of scapular & caudal border of subscapularis
Insertion: teres major tuberosity of humerus
Innervation: axillary nerve
Artery: subscapular artery, thoracodorsal artery
Coracobrachialis
Origin: coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: crest of lesser tubercle of humerus
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
Artery: superficial cervical artery
Tensor fasciae antebrachii
Origin: fascia covering lateral side of latissimus dorsi
Insertion: Olecranon
Innervation: radial nerve
Artery: subscapular artery
Triceps brachii
Four parts: long head, lateral head, medial head, accessory head
Origin: long head (caudal border of scapula), lateral head (tricipital line of humerus), accessory head (neck of humerus), medial head (crest of lesser tubercle of humerus)
Insertion: lecranon tuber of ulna bone
Innervation: radial nerve
Artery: caudal circumflex humeral artery, deep brachial, collateral ulnar
Anconeus
Origin: lateral supracondylar crest, lateral/medial epicondyles of humerus
Insertion: olecranon
Innervation: radial nerve
Artery: collateral ulnar artery
Biceps brachii
Origin: supraglenoid tubercle
Insertion: ulnar and radial tuberosities
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
Artery: cranial circumflex humeral, bicipital arteries
Brachialis
Origin: proximal 3rd of lateral face of humerus
Insertion: ulnar & radial tuberosities
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
Artery: bicipital artery
Extensor carpi radialis
Origin: lateral supracondylar crest
Insertion: tuberosities on dorsal base of metacarpals II & III
Innervation: radial nerve
Artery: common interosseous artery
Common digital extensor
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: distal phalanges of digits Ii, III, IV, & V
Innervation: radial nerve
Artery: common interosseous artery
Lateral digital extensor
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: proximal phalanges of digits III, IV, & V
Innervation: radial nerve
Artery: commone interosseous artery
Ulnaris lateralis
A flexor muscle Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: proximal end of metacarpal V Innervation: radial nerve Artery: common interosseous artery
Supinator
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: cranial surface of the proximal 4th of radius
Innervation: radial nerve
Artery: common interosseous artery
Abductor digiti I longus
Origin: lateral border & cranial surface body of ulna, interosseous membrane
Insertion: proximal end of metacarpal I
Innervation: radial nerve
Artery: common interosseous artery
Pronator teres
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: medial border of radius
Innervation: median nerve
Artery: common interosseous artery, deep antebrachium artery
Flexor carpi radialis
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus, medial border of radius
Insertion: palmar side of base of metacarpals II, III
Innervation: median nerve
Artery: common interosseous artery, deep antebrachium artery
Superficial digital flexor
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: palmar surface of middle phalanges of digiti II, III, IV, V
Innervation: median nerve
Artery: common interosseous artery, deep antebrachium artery
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Two parts: ulnar head, humeral head
Origin: ulnar head (olecranon), humeral head (medial epicondyle of humerus)
Insertion: accessory carpal bone
Innervation: ulnar nerve
Artery: common interosseous artery, deep antebrachium artery
Deep digital flexor
Three parts: humeral head, ulnar head, radial head
Origin: humeral head (medial epicondyle of humerus), ulnar head (caudal border of ulna), radial head (medial border of radius)
Insertion: flexor tubercle of palmar surface of distal phalanx of each digit
Innervation: median & ulnar nerves
Artery: common interosseous artery, deep antebrachium artery
Pronator quadratus
Attachments: apposed surfaces of radius & ulnar
Innervation: median nerve
Artery: common interosseous artery, deep antebrachium artery
Biceps femoris
Origin: sacrotuberous ligament, ischiatic tuberosity
Insertion: patella, tuber calcanei
Innervation: sciatic nerve
Artery: caudal gluteal artery, distal caudal femoral artery
Semitendinosus
Origin: ischiatic tuberosity
Insertion: tuber calcanei, disto-cranial border/medial body of tibia
Innervation: sciatic nerve
Artery: caudal gluteal artery; proximal, middle, & distal caudal femoral arteries
Semimembranosus
Origin: ischiatic tuberosity
Insertion: medial condyle of tibia, distal lip of caudal surface of femur
Innervation: sciatic nerve
Artery: caudal gluteal artery; proximal, middle, & distal caudal femoral arteries
Sartorius
Two parts: cranial parts, caudal part
Innervation: femoral nerve
Artery: iliolumbar artery, superficial circumflex iliac artery
Sartorius (cranial part)
Origin: crest of ileum, thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: patella
Sartorius (caudal part)
Origin: cranial ventral iliac spine, ventral border of ileum
Insertion: cranial border of tibia
Gracilis
Origin: pelvic symphysis via symphysial tendon
Insertion: cranial border of tibia, tuber clacanei
Innervation: obturator nerve
Artery: deep femoral artery; proximal, middle, & distal caudal femoral arteries
Pectineus
Origin: iliopubic eminence, pubic tubercle via prepubic tendon
Insertion: caudal face of lip of femur
Innervation: obturator nerve
Artery: deep femoral artery, proximal caudal femoral artery
Adductor
Origin: pelvic symphysis, ventral surface of pubis and ischium
Insertion: lateral lip of caudal surface of femur
Innervation: obturator nerve
Artery: deep femoral artery, proximal caudal femoral artery
Tensor fascira latae
Origin: tuber coxae, aponeurosis on ileum
Insertion: lateral femoral fascia
Innervation: cranial gluteal nerve
Artery: lateral circumflex femoral artery
Superficial gluteal
Origin: lateral border of sacrum, iliac spine
Insertion: third trochanter
Innervation: caudal gluteal nerve
Artery: cranial & caudal gluteal arteries, lateral circumflex femoral artery
Middle gluteal
Origin: crest/gluteal surface of ileum
Insertion: greater trochanter
Innervation: cranial gluteal nerve
Artery: cranial & caudal gluteal arteries, lateral circumflex femoral arteries
Deep gluteal
Origin: body of ileum, ischiatic spine
Insertion: cranial part of greater trochanter
Innervation: cranial gluteal nerve
Artery: cranial & caudal gluteal arteries
Internal obturator
Origin: symphysis pelvis
Insertion: trochanteric fossa of femur
Innervation: sciatic nerve
Artery: medial circumflex femoral artery, caudal gluteal artery
Gemelli
Origin: lateral surface of ischium
Insertion: trochanteric fossa
Innervation: sciatic nerve
Artery: caudal gluteal artery
Quadratus femoris
Origin: ventral caudal part of ischium
Insertion: intertrochanteric crest
Innervation: sciatic nerve
Artery: caudal gluteal artery
External obturator
Origin: ventral surface of pubis and ischium
Insertion: trochanteric fossa
Innervation: obturator nerve
Artery: caudal gluteal artery, medial circumflex femoral artery
Quadriceps femoris
Four parts: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis
Origin: rectus femoris (ileum), vastus lateralis (proximal/lateral lip of caudal surface of femur), vastus intermedius (lateral side of proximal end of femur), vastus medialis (medial side of proximal end of femur)
Insertion: tibial tuberosity
Innervation: femoral nerve
Artery: lateral circumflex femoral artery, superficial circumflex iliac artery
Iliopsoas
Two parts: psoas major, iliacus Origin: psoas major (lumbar vertebrae), iliacus (cranioventral ileum) Insertion: lesser trochanter Innervation: lumbar nerve, femoral nerve Artery: iliolumbar artery
Cranial tibial
Origin: extensor groove, adjacent articular margin of tibia
Insertion: plantar surface at base of metatarsals I & II
Innervation: fibular nerve
Artery: cranial tibial artery
Long digital extensor
Origin: extensor fossa of femur
Insertion: extensor processes of distal phalanges of digits II-V
Innervation: fibular nerve
Artery: cranial tibial artery
Fibularis longus
Origin: lateral condyle of tibia, proximal end of fibula, lateral epicondyle of femur
Insertion: 4th tarsal bone
Innervation: fibular nerve
Artery: cranial tibial artery
Gastrocnemius
Origin: medial and lateral supracondylar tuberosities of femur
Insertion: proximal dorsal surface of tuber calcanei
Innervation: tibial nerve
Artery: distal caudal femoral artery, popliteal artery
Superficial digital flexor
Origin: lateral supracondylar tuberosity of femur
Insertion: tuber calcanei & digits II-V
Innervation: tibial nerve
Artery: distal caudal femoral artery, popliteal artery
Deep digital flexor
Two parts: lateral digital flexor, medial digital flexor
Origin: caudal proximal 2/3rd of tibia, proximal 1/2 of fibula
Insertion: flexor tubercle on base of each distal phalange
Innervation: tibial nerve
Artery: distal caudal femoral artery, popliteal artery
Popliteus
Origin: lateral epicondyle of femur
Insertion: proximal/caudal surface of tibia
Innervation: tibial nerve
Artery: popliteal artery
Longus capitis
Origin: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
Insertion: muscular tubercle of basioccipital bone
Longus colli
Covers ventral surfaces of vertebral bodies from T6 cranially to C1 (atlas
Iliocostalis lumborum
Origin: wing of ilium
Insertion: transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae, last 4-5 ribs
Iliocostalis thoracis
Origin: 12th rib
Insertion: transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
Longissimus thoracis & lumborum
Origin: arises from crest of wing of ilium via aponeurosis from supraspinous ligament/spines of lumbar & thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: inserts on transverse processes of lumbar & thoracic vertebrae
Longissimus cervicis
Origin: cranial continuation of longissimus/cervical & thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: transverse processes of last cervical vertebrae
Longissimus capitis
Origin: extends from T1-3
Insertion: mastoid part of temporal bone
Splenius
Origin: cranial border of thoracolumbar fascia, spines of T1-3, median raphe of neck
Insertion: nuchal crest, mastoid part of temporal bone
Semispinalis capitis
Dorsally: biventer cervicis
Ventrally: complexus
Scalenus
Attachments: first few ribs, transverse processes of cervial vertebrae
Rectus thoracis
Small rectangular sheet of muscle lying across costal cartilages of first 4 ribs
Attachments: extends caudally to insert into fascia covering rectus abdominis m.
Serratus ventralis
Two parts: Cervicis & thoracis
Attachment: serrated face of scapula
Serratus dorsalis
Two parts: cranialis & caudalis
Origin: thoracolumbar aponeurosis
Insertion: cranialis (craniolateral surface of ribs), caudalis (caudal borders of last 3 ribs)
External intercostals
Attachments: fibers run caudoventrally from border of one rib to cranial border of rib behind
Action: draw ribs together (respiration)
Internal intercostals
Attachments: fibers run cranioventrally from cranial border of one rib to caudal border of rib in front
Action: draw ribs together (respiration)
Transversus thoracis
Muscle of expiration
External abdominal oblique
Attachment: arises from last ribs & thoracolumbar fascia
Fibers run caudoventrally
Artery:cranial abdominal artery, cranial/caudal epigastric artery, deep circumflex iliac artery
Internal abdominal oblique
Attachment: arises from thoracolumbar fascia. Attaches on costal arch aponeurosis, rectus abdominis, prepubic tendon, & linea alba
Fibers run cranioventrally
Artery: cranial abdominal artery, cranial/caudal epigastric artery, deep circumflex iliac artery
Transversus abdominis
Origin: dorsal medial surfaces of last 4-5 ribs, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: linea alba
Artery: cranial abdominal artery, deep circumflex iliac artery, caudal epigastric artery
Rectus abdominis
Origin: pubis
Insertion: sternum
Artery: cranial & caudal epigastric arteries
Levator ani
Origin: medial edge of shaft of ilium, dorsal surface of pubis, pelvic symphysis
Insertion: Cd3-7
Coccygeus
Origin: ischiatic spine
Insertion: Cd2-4
