Quiz 5 Flashcards
What is big data?
data sets so large or fast moving they can’t be processed with traditional tools or applications
has potential to help companies improve operations and make faster, more intelligent decisions
Volume, Variety, Velocity, Variability, Complexity
Virtual machines
1 physical machine that can run many different servers
why do organizations care about big data?
analyze and make sense of both the WHAT (quantitative) and the WHY (qualitative)
improve customer experiences
predict and modify behavior
A slice of Big Data
more data allows us to see new, better and different
used to advance society in all areas
How does big data affect our daily lives?
sports predictions, voting predictions, smartphones
gathering big data
web browsing, wifi, Bluetooth, cameras, surveillance
privacy concerns
what is the value of your privacy?
do you have anything you want to keep private?
Privacy is not about secrecy; it is about control
Algorithms
a set of steps to accomplish a task
correctness and efficiency are what make a good algorithm
what is artificial intelligence
neural network of algorithms
mimic the human brain
learning on their own
research methods
Quantitative and Qualitative
Quantitative research
looks at hard numbers/data
Qualitative research
soft science/soft data
education
Actual life
evolution, biology, health, education
relationships and communication
Online life
our online lives are affecting the way we are hardwired (emojis)
Power of the Emoji
they increase social capital
we react to them like we would a real human face
“business-world” acceptance
improves memory of conversations
it’s a meme
understanding cultural relevance
an idea, behavior, or style that spreads from person to person within a culture
how is energy generated?
hydrocarbons, burning fossil fuels to heat water that turns turbine
efficiency
doing the same amount of work or producing the same amount of goods or services with less energy
conservation
using less energy regardless of whether energy efficiency has changed
Human Impact equation
I = P x A x T
I (Human Impact Equation)
Impact
P (Human Impact Equation)
Population
A (Human Impact Equation)
Affluence
T (Human Impact Equation)
Technology
fracking
the process of injecting liquid at high pressure into subterranean rocks, boreholes, etc., so as to force open existing fissures and extract oil or gas
Four elements of climate change (generally agreed up on)
earth is warming
human CO2 emissions
disrupting the planetary climate
extreme risks for humans
meta analysis
compiling existing data and seeing correlations
extreme risks for humans
extreme usually causes emotional reaction
not the case here, it is trying to show a specific scientific result
defining climate
it’s more than average weather
climate is the big umbrella
Warming
scientists examine both year to year and 30 year trends to determine if the average temperature is increasing
future’s wheel
1) The issue
2) single variable response
3) order of consequences
4)statement of viable response
uses structured brainstorming to uncover multiple levels of consequences for systems experiencing some element of change
direct consequence
touch hot stove you get burned
indirect consequence
because you got burned you are late to your next appointment or class
what is the most important question we ask in science?
why?
Give me two reasons why an insect-based diet is sustainable; give me one reason why it may be an unsustainable solution
An insect diet is sustainable because it is easy and cheap to farm them as well as the insects are full of nutritious vitamins. These diets are not sustainable because of social barriers, it is frowned upon in many cultures to eat insects.
Unintended Consequences are ones not foreseen and intended by a purposeful action. In a short answer, explain why techniques such as CRISPR, PGD, and other embryo enhancements may have unintended consequences.
The technologies of CRISPR, PGD, and other embryo enhancements help us to manipulate genomes. Unintended consequences come when, for example, we use CRISPR to remove or implant a strand of DNA. We may have identified one aspect that the strand of DNA affects but we don’t know the full scope of its effects. We could essentially make the situation worse rather than making it better.
The permission received from individuals to use their tissues or perform a procedure on them, and making sure they fully understand what it is they are agreeing to allow the doctors to do is called [blank1]. (Hint: two words)
Informed consent
Describe two rules that must be followed by people or companies who operate drones.
One rule that must be followed is the maximum altitude of 400 feet. If not kept one could accidentally take down an airplane. Another important rule is line of sight, the drone must always be seen by a person on the ground, who is either the operator or in contact with the operator.
US government space exploration and observation projects
Gemini program, mercury program, Mars rover exploration, apollo exploration
How do thieves use social engineering to steal your personal information? Explain how they do it.
Thieves will initially work to gain access to your email address. Once they have access they are able to send out mass emails to all of your contacts asking them for information, money, or something else, because you are in trouble and need the help. Inevitably, some of the kind souls in your contacts will respond and give the thieves what they want.
the former soviet union piece of technology (sputnik) was able to take pictures and collect other critical information from space. It was one of the reasons for the escalation of the cold war (T/F)
False
phishing
the fraudulent practice of sending emails purporting to be from reputable companies in order to induce individuals to reveal personal information, such as passwords and credit card numbers.
Tell me what orbital velocity is, and what does it have to do with a satellite?
Orbital velocity is the velocity that an object must have in order to orbit a planet. The speed of the velocity differs depending on the distance from the surface. Satellites use orbital velocities in order to stay in orbit and perform their designated task.
You are on campus with your smartphone. You would like to determine your GPS position. How many satellites must you connect to in order to receive an accurate location?
3
at what speed must you launch a satellite to balance gravity and allow the satellite to orbit the earth
17,000 mph
Explain why it is important to use a different username and password for every website.
If one of your profiles becomes compromised then that information becomes public knowledge and your other profiles become at risk because they have the same username and password.
people your own age (college students) have an evolutionary advantage because evolution favors strength, intelligence, reflexes, and sexual appeal (T/F)
True
Henrietta’s cells contained an enzyme that allowed the DNA to duplicate over and over again. It is an enzyme we continue to study today in an effort to extend human life. what is the enzyme?
telomorase
the single most limiting factor of drone use and technology today is
battery life
