quiz 5

Question 1

socialization

Answer 1

lifelong process by which we become competent members of the culture; learn cultural expectations (values + norms) in a specific time + place. It’s what allows us to have the human experience of society (see: feral children)

Question 2

internalization

Answer 2

when behaviors and assumptions are learned so thoroughly that people no longer question them, simply accept them as correct

Question 3

roles

Answer 3

the expected behavior associated with a given status in society

Question 4

identity

Answer 4

how one defines oneself. Informed by socialization

Question 5

personality

Answer 5

a person’s relatively consistent pattern of behavior, feelings, predispositions, and beliefs. Established by socialization

Question 6

social control

Answer 6

process by which groups and individuals within those groups are brought into conformity with dominant social expectations. Socialization is a form of social control

Question 7

self

Answer 7

our concept of who we are, as formed in relationship to others. symbolic interactionists use the term self, rather than the term personality, to refer to a person’s identity.

Question 8

concept of “I” and “Me”

Answer 8

Mead, symbolic interactionist: self is a social product, composed of “I” and “Me”
“I” – subjective, active, spontaneous, self-defining
“Me” – objective, imagine how others see us. This is the self-aware, “socialized self” bc we take the role of the other. Conforms to what others expect of us

Question 9

looking glass self

Answer 9

self image based on how others see us. Process by which sense of develops. It’s a self fulfilling prophecy (Cooley, symbolic interactionist)

1. Imagine how we appear to others
2. Interpret people’s reactions, form conclusions about how they view us
3. Develop self-concept

Question 10

agents of socialization

Answer 10

the people and groups that influence our orientation toward life. They teach us cultural expectations, socialize us

Question 11

self-concept

Answer 11

a person’s image and evaluation of important aspects of oneself, the result of the socialization experiences we have over a lifetime

Question 12

social learning theory

Answer 12

considers the formation of identity to be a learned response to external social stimuli. emphasizes the societal context of socialization. Identity is regarded not as the product of the unconscious but as the result of modeling oneself (called role modeling) in response to the expectations of others. pos/neg reinforcement

Question 13

steps in going from I to Me

Answer 13

1. Imitation stage: 0-3yr, mimic those around themselves, don’t see self as separate, no sense of self.
2. Play stage: 3-6yr, able to take on, “play” roles of specific ppl, aka “significant others” (usually parents/siblings)
3. Game stage: 6+yrs, early school yrs. Can take on the role of the “generalized other.” sense of self fully developed, can be “Me”

Question 14

anticipatory socialization

Answer 14

the process of learning the expectations associated with a role one expects to enter in the future.

Question 15

age prejudice vs discrimination

Answer 15

Whereas age prejudice is an attitude, age discrimination involves actual behavior

Question 16

disengagement theory

Answer 16

theory predicting that as people age, they gradually withdraw from participation in society and are simultaneously relieved of responsibilities.

Question 17

resocialization

Answer 17

the process by which existing social roles are radically altered or replaced.

Question 18

generalized other

Answer 18

an abstract composite of the social roles, norms, values, attitudes, and expectations of the public

Question 19

significant others

Answer 19

individuals who have profound influence on the lives of another (ie parents or siblings)