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Parasitology > Quiz 5 > Flashcards

Quiz 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Lay unembryonated eggs

A

Oviparous

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2
Q

lay embryonated or larvated eggs

A

ovoviparous

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3
Q

bear live young

A

larviparous/viviparous

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4
Q

infective stage for all ascarids

A

L3

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5
Q

where are L3 ascarids found

A

in definitive host. become L4 –> immature adult –> adult

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6
Q

how many lips do ascarids have

A

3

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7
Q

do ascarids have IH?

A

no

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8
Q

are ascarids:

  • oviparous
  • ovivipoarous
  • larviparous
A

oviparous

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9
Q

t/f females ascarids are larger than males

A

true

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10
Q

which sex of ascarid has a curved tail

A

males

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11
Q

equine roundworm

A

parascaris equorum

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12
Q

describe parascaris equorum eggs

A

Thick walled

Resistant to chemical and physical insults

Infective in soil for years

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13
Q

type of life cycle parascaris equorum

A

direct, fecal oral

unembryonated eggs in feces —> embryonate to L3 in and then ingested by DH

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14
Q

which ascarid specie has hepato-tracheal migration

A

Parascaris equorum

Ascaris suum

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15
Q

where is L3 of parascaris equorum

A

in SI —> lung

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16
Q

t/f parascaris equorum has transplacental and transmammary transmission

A

FALSE - none

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17
Q

C/S ascaridosis in horses

A

Malnourished

Undersize

Sickly foal

Perforation of bowl

CNS – aberrant larval migration

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18
Q

which ascarid causes verminous pneumonia

A

Parascaris equorum - summer colds in foals due to being sensitized to larval antigens

Ascaris suum - chronic cough

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19
Q

Dx Parascaris equorum

A
  1. Fecal float - see eggs
  2. Transabdominal US
  3. Western blot: larval excretory products
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20
Q

which ascarid affects pigs

A

Ascaris suum

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21
Q

is ascaris suum zoonotic

A

yes

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22
Q

which ascarid causes ‘milk spots’ in liver? in which species?

A

Ascaris suum in pigs

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23
Q

pathology caused by ascaris suum

A

milk spots in liver

hemorrhage around intralobular vein

fatal peritonitis

verminous pneumonia

thumps - chronic cough

consolidation of areas of lungs

edema, emphysema

enteritis

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24
Q

dx ascaris suum

A
  1. Necropsy (milk spots)
  2. Worms in vomit
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25
Q

Treatment of ascaris suum

A
  • Treat sows and clean with soap and water 2 weeks before farrowing and moving to farrowing crate
  • Treat at weaning
  • Keep pens clean
  • McLean County System: all in - all out
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26
Q

Which ascarid is treated with Mclean County System

A

Ascaris suum

  • Treat sow few days before farrowing, scrub pens
  • Place sow and litter in ascarid free location
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27
Q

Which roundworm affects ruminants

A

Toxocara vitulorum

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28
Q

T/F toxocara viulorum is endemic to USA

A

False - rare in US, mostly tropical

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29
Q

Where in ruminants is Toxocara vitulorum found

A

SI

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30
Q

transmission of toxocara vitulorum

A

4 ways!!

  1. <4m : ingestion. hepatotracheal migration
  2. >4m: indgestion: somatic migration. NO DEVELOPMENT TO ADULT. ​
    * Adults: larvae can travel to mammae and found in milk
  3. Transmammary: SI for life cycle of DH
  4. Transplacental: SI for lifecycle of DH
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31
Q

Which parasite has self cure?

A

Toxocara vitulorum (4-6 m)

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32
Q

c/s toxocara vitulorum

A
  • Verminous pneumonia
  • Enteritis
  • Peritonitis
  • Unthrifitness
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33
Q

which eggs have pitted surface

A

toxocara vitulorum

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34
Q

whats this

A

toxocara vitulorum

(pitted surface)

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35
Q

Dx toxocara vitulorum

A
  • fecal float
  • histo of various tissues
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36
Q

treatment toxocara vitulorum

A

alternate pastures

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37
Q

which roundworm affects dogs

A

toxocara canis

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38
Q

appearance of toxocara canis

A
  • narrow cervical alae (wings) on anterior end
  • esophageal ventriculus
  • pitted shell
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39
Q

whos this

A

toxocara canis

lateral cervical alae

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40
Q

who’s this

A

toxocara canis

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41
Q

t/f toxocara canis is zoonotic

A

true!

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42
Q

dx toxocara canis

A
  • Fecal float
  • ELISA (coprantigen on worms in dogs not eggs in feces!)
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43
Q

types of toxocara canis transmission (5)

A
  1. <3 m: hepato-tracheal migration
  2. >3m: somatic migration (DONT DEVELOP)
  3. Tranplancental: hepato-tracheal
  4. Transmammary (rare): SI only
  5. Paratenic host (L3 ingested by rodent) : stays in intestine
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44
Q

Does toxocara canis migrate in its paratenic host? in its DH?

A

PH: somatic migration

DH: no migration (stays in intestines)

45
Q

Explain transplacental transmission of Toxocara canis

A
  • Somatic migration (if >3m)
  • If become pregnant: L3 crosses placenta to fetal liver
  • Molts to L4 in fetal liver
  • Once born, completes hepato-tracheal migration to lungs
  • Coughed up, swallowed and adults in intestines
46
Q

c/s toxocara canis

A
  • abdominal discomfort in pups
  • pot belly
  • bile and pancreatic duct obstruction
  • nervous disorders (aberrant larvae)
  • retinal lesion (rare)
47
Q

which roundworm affects cats

A

toxocara cati

48
Q

appearance of toxocara cati

A
  • striated arrow head shaped cervical alae
  • pitted egg
49
Q

compare toxocara canis egg with toxocara catis

A

Catis is smaller

Both pitted

50
Q

who’s this

A

toxocara catis

51
Q

who’s this

A

toxocara catis

striated arrow head shaped cervical alae

52
Q

transmission toxocara cati (3)

A
  1. ingest egg with L3 –> hepato-tracheal
  2. ingest paratenic host –> similar to T. canis
  3. transmammary –> L3 in mammary tissue
    * Only happens with dams acutely infected in late pregnancy
53
Q

t/f toxocara cati has transplacental transmission

A

false!

54
Q
A
55
Q

c/s toxocara cati

A
  • eosinophilic granulomas
  • pneumonia
  • dry cough/chest discomfort
56
Q

zoonotic conditions caused by toxocara canis and cati

A
  • ocular larva migrans: moon eye syndrome (floaters, red eye)
  • visceral larva migrans: spread to spinal cord. abdominal pain, anorexia, fever, wheezing
57
Q

which roundworm afects both dogs and cats

A

toxoscaris leonina

58
Q

appearance toxoscaris leonina

A

narrow cervical alae

eggs smooth on outside, bumpy on inside

59
Q

t/f toxoscaris leonina use paratenic host

A

true - rodents

60
Q

lifecycle toxoscaris leonina

A
  • egg hatched in intestine
  • matures in wall of intestine
  • re-enters lumen

no hepato-tracheal migration!

61
Q

which roundworm affects racoons

A

baylisascaris procyonis

62
Q

transmission baylisascaris procyonis

A

ingest egg or PH

no hepato-tracheal or somatic migration

(mucosal migration in PH)

63
Q

paratenic host of baylisascaris procyonis

A

old racoons

eggs travel to gut and undergo mucosal migration

64
Q

c/s baylisascaris procyonis

A
  • adult worms dont cause c/s
  • worms in paratenic host: cns signs, arching head/neck, death
65
Q

is baylisascaris procyonis zoonotic

A

yes! causes eosinophilic meningitis

1-3 larvae in brian may be fatal! (diffuse unilateral neuritis)

66
Q

t/f - occular larval, visceral larval and somatic migration all develop into adults in disseminated tissue

A

false! do not develop into adults

67
Q

what c/s will you see with all adult ascarids

A

enteritis/diarrhea (adults are in SI)

68
Q

hosts of ancylostoma caninum

A

dog

cat (rare)

bear

69
Q

who has 3 pairs of teeth on ventral buccal capsule

A

ancylostoma caninum

70
Q

Whats leaky larvae syndrome

A

in ancyclostoma caninum skin infection >3m

somatic migration, worms lie dormant in muscle and pool for reinfection:

  • mammary gland before lactation
  • intestines
71
Q

who’s this

A

ancylostoma caninum

three pairs of teeth on ventral buccal capsule

72
Q

are ancyclostoma caninum oviparous, oviviparous, or life bearing

A

Oviparous

73
Q

free living stages of ancylostoma caninum

A

L2 and L3

(L2 cuticle used by L3)

74
Q

infective stage of ancyclostoma caninum

A

ensheathed L3

75
Q

t/f ancyclostoma caninum feeds

A

false

76
Q

transmission ancylostoma caninum

A
  1. Oral
  2. Skin infection
  3. Transmammary
  4. Ingestion of paratenic host
77
Q

What happens after oral infection with ancyclostoma caninum

A

Either

  1. L3 –> adult in SI (no migration)
  2. L3 pentrate bucca/pharyngeal mucosa –> migrate to bronchi, swalloed, adult in SI
78
Q

skin penetration of ancyclostoma caninum

A
  1. Skin penetration L3 –> vessels –> heart –> lungs –> bronchi
  2. Coughed up, swallowed
  3. Adults in SI
79
Q

most important means of transmission of ancyclostoma caninum to puppies

A

transmammary

80
Q

pathology ancylostoma caninum

A
  1. blood feeders
  2. secrete AcAP (anticoagulant peptide)
81
Q

peractue hookworm disease

A

Dams giving to pups via milk - only small # adults cause serious c/s

  • anemia
  • diarrhea
  • melana
  • stunted growth
  • dry hair
  • dermatitis
  • fatal
82
Q

acute hookworm disease

A

older pups

large number infective larvae

  • If fecal negative –> check 4 days later to make sure!
83
Q

chronic hookworm dz

A
  • compensated: no c/s
  • decomensated: older dogs, secondary to another illness - anemic, malnourished, emaciated
84
Q

t/f ancyclostoma caninum is zoonotic

A

yes!

  • oral: eosinophilic enteritis (abdominal pain)
  • skin: creeping eruption (cutaneous larval migrans)
85
Q

ancyclostoma braziliense location

A

florida to north caroline

86
Q

which hookworm has 2 ventral teeth

A

ancyclostoma braziliense

87
Q

who’s eggs are oval, thin shelled, umembryonated

A

ancyclostoma braziliense

88
Q

t/f transmammary and transplacetal transmission is crucial for ancylostoma braziliense

A

false! doesnt happen!

89
Q

transmission ancyclostoma braziliense

A
  • oral
  • skin
  • ingest ph
90
Q

t/f - ancyclostoma braziliens is blood feeder

A

false!

91
Q

c/s ancyclostoma braziliense

A
  • hypoproteinemia
  • serum seepage around worms
  • hemorrhagic enteritis
  • swollen intestinal mucosa with red bite-marks

NO ANEMIA!

92
Q

which worm causes plumber’s itch

A

ancyclostoma brazilienses

93
Q

how is ancyclostoma brazielnses zoonotic

A

skin penetration - causes papules, inflammed tracts, thickened skin, pruritis

94
Q

which worm’s eggs withstand freezing

A

uncinaria stenocephala

95
Q

host uncinaria stenocephala

A

dog, fox, cat (rare)

96
Q

which worm is found in europe, canada, northern US

A

uncinaria stenocephala

97
Q

which worms has cutting plates

A

unicinaria stenocephala

bunostomum phlebotomum

98
Q

most common route of infection of uncinaria stenocephala

A

INGESTION! *

(skin rare, NO transmammary/transplacental)

99
Q

c/s uncinaria stenocephala

A
  • hypoproteinemia
  • dermatitis
  • marked inflammation around penetrated larvae
  • secondary bacterial infections in greyhounds in england
  • penumonia, lung consolidation in infected pups
100
Q

what is the ruminant hookworm

A

bunostomum phlebotomum

101
Q

which worm

A
102
Q

main transmission of bunostomum phlebotomum

A

skin penetration of L3 from feces

103
Q

what does bunostomum phlebotomum usually occur concurrently with

A

trichostrongylus

104
Q

is bunostomum phlebotomum zoonotic

A

yes!

105
Q

c/s bunostomum phlebotomum

A
  • dermatitis
  • pruritis
  • diarrhea/emaciation/bottle jaw

c/s most severe during PPP

106
Q

is bunostomum phlebotomum zoonotic

A

yes! skin penetration and cutaneous larval migrans!

107
Q

which hookworm mainly affects goats and sheep

A

bunostomum trigocephalum

108
Q

transmission bunostomum trigocephalum

A

oral

Parasitology (6 decks)

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