Quiz 5 Flashcards
1
Q
Lay unembryonated eggs
A
Oviparous
2
Q
lay embryonated or larvated eggs
A
ovoviparous
3
Q
bear live young
A
larviparous/viviparous
4
Q
infective stage for all ascarids
A
L3
5
Q
where are L3 ascarids found
A
in definitive host. become L4 –> immature adult –> adult
6
Q
how many lips do ascarids have
A
3
7
Q
do ascarids have IH?
A
no
8
Q
are ascarids:
- oviparous
- ovivipoarous
- larviparous
A
oviparous
9
Q
t/f females ascarids are larger than males
A
true
10
Q
which sex of ascarid has a curved tail
A
males
11
Q
equine roundworm
A
parascaris equorum
12
Q
describe parascaris equorum eggs
A
Thick walled
Resistant to chemical and physical insults
Infective in soil for years
13
Q
type of life cycle parascaris equorum
A
direct, fecal oral
unembryonated eggs in feces —> embryonate to L3 in and then ingested by DH
14
Q
which ascarid specie has hepato-tracheal migration
A
Parascaris equorum
Ascaris suum
15
Q
where is L3 of parascaris equorum
A
in SI —> lung
16
Q
t/f parascaris equorum has transplacental and transmammary transmission
A
FALSE - none
17
Q
C/S ascaridosis in horses
A
Malnourished
Undersize
Sickly foal
Perforation of bowl
CNS – aberrant larval migration
18
Q
which ascarid causes verminous pneumonia
A
Parascaris equorum - summer colds in foals due to being sensitized to larval antigens
Ascaris suum - chronic cough
19
Q
Dx Parascaris equorum
A
- Fecal float - see eggs
- Transabdominal US
- Western blot: larval excretory products
20
Q
which ascarid affects pigs
A
Ascaris suum
21
Q
is ascaris suum zoonotic
A
yes
22
Q
which ascarid causes ‘milk spots’ in liver? in which species?
A
Ascaris suum in pigs
23
Q
pathology caused by ascaris suum
A
milk spots in liver
hemorrhage around intralobular vein
fatal peritonitis
verminous pneumonia
thumps - chronic cough
consolidation of areas of lungs
edema, emphysema
enteritis
24
Q
dx ascaris suum
A
- Necropsy (milk spots)
- Worms in vomit
25
Treatment of ascaris suum
* Treat sows and clean with soap and water **2 weeks before** farrowing and moving to farrowing crate
* Treat at weaning
* Keep pens clean
* McLean County System: all in - all out
26
Which ascarid is treated with Mclean County System
Ascaris suum
* Treat sow **few days before** farrowing, scrub pens
* Place sow and litter in ascarid free location
27
Which roundworm affects ruminants
Toxocara vitulorum
28
T/F toxocara viulorum is endemic to USA
False - rare in US, mostly tropical
29
Where in ruminants is Toxocara vitulorum found
SI
30
transmission of toxocara vitulorum
4 ways!!
1. \<4m : ingestion. **hepatotracheal migration**
2. \>4m: indgestion: **somatic migration**. *NO DEVELOPMENT TO ADULT.* **
* Adults: larvae can travel to mammae and found in milk
3. Transmammary: **SI** for life cycle of DH
4. Transplacental: **SI** for lifecycle of DH
31
Which parasite has self cure?
Toxocara vitulorum (4-6 m)
32
c/s toxocara vitulorum
* Verminous pneumonia
* Enteritis
* Peritonitis
* Unthrifitness
33
which eggs have pitted surface
toxocara vitulorum
34
whats this
toxocara vitulorum
| (pitted surface)
35
Dx toxocara vitulorum
* fecal float
* histo of various tissues
36
treatment toxocara vitulorum
alternate pastures
37
which roundworm affects dogs
toxocara canis
38
appearance of toxocara canis
* narrow cervical alae (wings) on anterior end
* esophageal ventriculus
* pitted shell
39
whos this
toxocara canis
lateral cervical alae
40
who's this
toxocara canis
41
t/f toxocara canis is zoonotic
true!
42
dx toxocara canis
* Fecal float
* ELISA (coprantigen on worms **in dogs** _not eggs in feces!)_
43
types of toxocara canis transmission (5)
1. \<3 m: hepato-tracheal migration
2. \>3m: somatic migration (DONT DEVELOP)
3. Tranplancental: hepato-tracheal
4. Transmammary (rare): SI only
5. Paratenic host (L3 ingested by rodent) : stays in intestine
44
Does toxocara canis migrate in its paratenic host? in its DH?
PH: somatic migration
DH: no migration (stays in intestines)
45
Explain transplacental transmission of Toxocara canis
* Somatic migration (if \>3m)
* If become pregnant: L3 crosses placenta to fetal liver
* Molts to L4 in fetal liver
* Once born, completes hepato-tracheal migration to lungs
* Coughed up, swallowed and adults in intestines
46
c/s toxocara canis
* abdominal discomfort in pups
* pot belly
* bile and pancreatic duct obstruction
* nervous disorders (aberrant larvae)
* retinal lesion (rare)
47
which roundworm affects cats
toxocara cati
48
appearance of toxocara cati
* striated arrow head shaped cervical alae
* pitted egg
49
compare toxocara canis egg with toxocara catis
Catis is smaller
Both pitted
50
who's this
toxocara catis
51
who's this
toxocara catis
striated arrow head shaped cervical alae
52
transmission toxocara cati (3)
1. ingest egg with L3 --\> hepato-tracheal
2. ingest paratenic host --\> similar to T. canis
3. transmammary --\> L3 in mammary tissue
* *Only happens with dams _acutely_ infected in _late pregnancy_*
53
t/f toxocara cati has transplacental transmission
false!
54
55
c/s toxocara cati
* eosinophilic granulomas
* pneumonia
* dry cough/chest discomfort
56
zoonotic conditions caused by toxocara canis and cati
* ocular larva migrans: **moon eye syndrome** (floaters, red eye)
* visceral larva migrans: spread to spinal cord. abdominal pain, anorexia, fever, wheezing
57
which roundworm afects both dogs and cats
toxoscaris leonina
58
appearance toxoscaris leonina
narrow cervical alae
eggs smooth on outside, bumpy on inside
59
t/f toxoscaris leonina use paratenic host
true - rodents
60
lifecycle toxoscaris leonina
* egg hatched in intestine
* matures in wall of intestine
* re-enters lumen
**no hepato-tracheal migration!**
61
which roundworm affects racoons
baylisascaris procyonis
62
transmission baylisascaris procyonis
ingest egg or PH
**no hepato-tracheal or somatic migration**
(mucosal migration in PH)
63
paratenic host of baylisascaris procyonis
old racoons
eggs travel to gut and undergo mucosal migration
64
c/s baylisascaris procyonis
* adult worms dont cause c/s
* worms in paratenic host: cns signs, arching head/neck, death
65
is baylisascaris procyonis zoonotic
yes! causes eosinophilic meningitis
1-3 larvae in brian may be fatal! (diffuse unilateral neuritis)
66
t/f - occular larval, visceral larval and somatic migration all develop into adults in disseminated tissue
false! do not develop into adults
67
what c/s will you see with all adult ascarids
enteritis/diarrhea (adults are in SI)
68
hosts of ancylostoma caninum
dog
cat (rare)
bear
69
who has 3 pairs of teeth on ventral buccal capsule
ancylostoma caninum
70
Whats leaky larvae syndrome
in ancyclostoma caninum skin infection \>3m
somatic migration, worms lie dormant in muscle and pool for reinfection:
* mammary gland before lactation
* intestines
71
who's this
ancylostoma caninum
## Footnote
*three pairs of teeth on ventral buccal capsule*
72
are ancyclostoma caninum oviparous, oviviparous, or life bearing
Oviparous
73
free living stages of ancylostoma caninum
L2 and L3
| (L2 cuticle used by L3)
74
infective stage of ancyclostoma caninum
ensheathed L3
75
t/f ancyclostoma caninum feeds
false
76
transmission ancylostoma caninum
1. Oral
2. Skin infection
3. **Transmammary**
4. Ingestion of paratenic host
77
What happens after oral infection with ancyclostoma caninum
Either
1. L3 --\> adult in SI (no migration)
2. L3 pentrate bucca/pharyngeal mucosa --\> migrate to bronchi, swalloed, adult in SI
78
skin penetration of ancyclostoma caninum
1. Skin penetration L3 --\> vessels --\> heart --\> lungs --\> bronchi
2. Coughed up, swallowed
3. Adults in SI
79
most important means of transmission of ancyclostoma caninum to puppies
transmammary
80
pathology ancylostoma caninum
1. blood feeders
2. secrete AcAP (anticoagulant peptide)
81
peractue hookworm disease
Dams giving to pups via milk - *only small # adults cause serious c/s*
* anemia
* diarrhea
* melana
* stunted growth
* dry hair
* dermatitis
* fatal
82
acute hookworm disease
older pups
large number infective larvae
* *If fecal negative --\> check 4 days later to make sure!*
83
chronic hookworm dz
* compensated: no c/s
* decomensated: older dogs, secondary to another illness - anemic, malnourished, emaciated
84
t/f ancyclostoma caninum is zoonotic
yes!
* oral: eosinophilic enteritis (abdominal pain)
* skin: creeping eruption (cutaneous larval migrans)
85
ancyclostoma braziliense location
florida to north caroline
86
which hookworm has 2 ventral teeth
ancyclostoma braziliense
87
who's eggs are oval, thin shelled, umembryonated
ancyclostoma braziliense
88
t/f transmammary and transplacetal transmission is crucial for ancylostoma braziliense
false! doesnt happen!
89
transmission ancyclostoma braziliense
* oral
* skin
* ingest ph
90
t/f - ancyclostoma braziliens is blood feeder
false!
91
c/s ancyclostoma braziliense
* hypoproteinemia
* serum seepage around worms
* hemorrhagic enteritis
* swollen intestinal mucosa with red bite-marks
NO ANEMIA!
92
which worm causes plumber's itch
ancyclostoma brazilienses
93
how is ancyclostoma brazielnses zoonotic
skin penetration - causes papules, inflammed tracts, thickened skin, pruritis
94
which worm's eggs withstand freezing
uncinaria stenocephala
95
host uncinaria stenocephala
dog, fox, cat (rare)
96
which worm is found in europe, canada, northern US
uncinaria stenocephala
97
which worms has cutting plates
unicinaria stenocephala
bunostomum phlebotomum
98
most common route of infection of uncinaria stenocephala
INGESTION! \*
(skin rare, NO transmammary/transplacental)
99
c/s uncinaria stenocephala
* hypoproteinemia
* dermatitis
* marked inflammation around penetrated larvae
* secondary bacterial infections in greyhounds in england
* penumonia, lung consolidation in infected pups
100
what is the ruminant hookworm
bunostomum phlebotomum
101
which worm
102
main transmission of bunostomum phlebotomum
skin penetration of L3 from feces
103
what does bunostomum phlebotomum usually occur concurrently with
trichostrongylus
104
is bunostomum phlebotomum zoonotic
yes!
105
c/s bunostomum phlebotomum
* dermatitis
* pruritis
* diarrhea/emaciation/bottle jaw
c/s most severe during PPP
106
is bunostomum phlebotomum zoonotic
yes! skin penetration and cutaneous larval migrans!
107
which hookworm mainly affects goats and sheep
bunostomum trigocephalum
108
transmission bunostomum trigocephalum
oral
