quiz #4 - nervous system

Question 1

Functions of Nervous Tissue

Answer 1

responsible for all behaviours, memories & movements as well as homeostasis in the body

Question 2

sensory = input

Answer 2

motor response = output

Question 3

brain & spinal cord

Answer 3

CNS

Question 4

everything else (nerves; 12 pairs of Cranial Nerves, 31 Pairs of spinal nerves), includes ganglia, enteric plexuses & sensory receptors

Answer 4

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 5

bundle of hundreds to thousands of axons with their blood vessels and connective tissues

Answer 5

nerve

Question 6

specialized nerve that monitors changes

Answer 6

sensory receptor

Question 7

nerves that run along the gastrointestinal tract (GI)

Answer 7

enteric plexus

Question 8

structure that contains small clusters of nerve cell bodies

Answer 8

Ganglia or ganglion

Question 9

nerves that control skeletal muscles, voluntary control

Two divisions:
-Sensory or afferent
-Motor or efferent

Answer 9

Somatic Nervous System (SNS)

Question 10

all automatic functions, involuntary control

Two divisions:
-Sensory or afferent:
-Motor or efferent

Answer 10

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

Question 11

“fight or flight”

Answer 11

Sympathetic Division

Question 12

“rest and digest”

Answer 12

Parasympathetic Division

Question 13

extensive network of nerves in the walls of the gastrointestinal tract, controls the movement of food and acids and hormone secretions in the GI tract

Answer 13

Enteric nervous system (ENS)

Question 14

two main types of nervous system cells

Answer 14

1. Nerve cells (neurons)
2. Neuroglia

Question 15

Nerve: bundles of axons in the ____

Answer 15

PNS

Question 16

Tract: bundles of axons in the _____

Answer 16

CNS

Question 17

3 main parts of a neuron

Answer 17

cell body, dendrites and axon

Question 18

Slow Axonal Transport

Answer 18

flows from cell body to axon terminal in one direction, often for regeneration & growth, supplies new axoplasm

Question 19

Fast Axonal Transport

Answer 19

flows in BOTH directions

Question 20

Anterograde

Answer 20

forward direction from cell body to axon terminals, moves organelles & synaptic vessels

Question 21

Retrograde

Answer 21

backward direction from axon terminals back to cell body, moves membrane vessels
(neurotransmitters) back for degrading & recycling

Question 22

Sensory or afferent

Answer 22

ascending neuron, conveys action potentials into the CNS via Cranial and spinal nerves, mostly unipolar

Question 23

Motor or efferent

Answer 23

descending neuron, conveys action potentials away from the CNS to muscles and glands, mostly multipolar

Question 24

Interneurons

Answer 24

connects sensory & motor neurons, integration or analysis happens here, mostly multipolar

Question 25

support cells only, support, protect & nourish all neurons, no action potentials produced here, this type of cell forms BBB, produces myelin sheaths to cover axons, make CSF, aid with phagocytosis (clean up crew)

Answer 25

Neuroglia Cells

Question 26

CNS - cells

Answer 26

Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Microglia
Ependymal Cells