Quiz 4

Question 1

Is the plantar aspect of the foot preaxial or postaxial?

Answer 1

Preaxial

Question 2

Planter and dorsi flexion occur in what plane ?

Answer 2

Movement occurs in the oblique sagittal plane about the oblique transverse plane

Question 3

What structure attaches at the popliteal notch of the posterior intercondylar area?

Answer 3

PCL remember PAIN

Posterior to Anterior (internal)

Question 4

How many borders does the diaphysis of the tibia possess?

Answer 4

3 (anterior, medial, lateral borders)

Question 5

When do primary ossifcation centers appear on long bones ?

Answer 5

Week 12

Question 6

Where is the primary ossifcation center of the tibia and when does it appear?

Answer 6

Diaphysis

7-8 weeks in utero

Question 7

Where is the tubercle for the iliotibial tract located?

Answer 7

Gerdy’s Tubercle is located on the lateral condyle, anterior aspect

Question 8

If a patient cannot plantar flex, what gait does he/she have?

Answer 8

Apropulsive

Question 9

What structure unites the tibial and fibular diaphyses?

Answer 9

The Crural interosseous membrane

Question 10

At what week does chondification of distal phalanx of the foot?

Answer 10

Week 8 of gestation

Question 11

Where is the groove for the semimembranosus tendon located?

Answer 11

Medial Condyle, Posterior aspect

Question 12

What angle is used to diagnose Genu Varum or Genu Valgum?

Answer 12

Q angle (quadraciep angle)

~10 to 14 degrees (Males) ~15-17 degrees (females)

Runs from patella to ASIS and from middle of patella to tibial tuberosity.

Similar to angle of inclination. Helps determine proper alignment between thigh and leg.

Question 13

What muscle inserts at the medial malleolus sulcus?

Answer 13

Tibialis Posterior

Question 14

What is it called when the epiphysis of a long bone fuses with a growth plate?

Answer 14

Synostosis

Question 15

Articularis genu is supportive of what sturcture ?

Answer 15

Suprapatellar bursa

Question 16

Where is the nutrient foramen of the tibia located and what artery supplies it?

Answer 16

Lateral to the soleal/popliteal line

Supplied by the Posterior Tibial artery

from femoral a. and popliteal a.

Question 17

What is the correct order of ossification of the cuniforms from earliest to latest?

Answer 17

Lateral cuniform, medial cuniform, intermediate cuniform

Question 18

What feature give us right and left on the Tibia? Also identify what Tibia it is Right or Left?

Answer 18

Medial articular facet(MAF) is larger and less circular than the LAF

Left Tibia

Question 19

What is the Dematome found along the medial malleolus of the Tibia?

Answer 19

L4

Question 20

What dermatome is found at the hallux toe?

Answer 20

L5

Question 21

The Navicular tubercle is located in what direction ?

Answer 21

Inferior Medial

Question 22

What dermtome would be found at the level of the patella ?

Answer 22

L3

Question 23

A Patient presents with pes cavus and medial rotation of the tibia, what will be the result?

Answer 23

In-toeing with a high arch foot

Question 24

How many surfaces of the tibia give orgins to muscles ?

Answer 24

Two

Lateral Surface(Tibialis anteior muscle and Extensor digitorum longus muscle(Lateral condyle))

Posterior Surface (Flexor digitorum longus and Soleus muscle) Inferior to Soleul line

Question 25

At week 8, the embryo's feet are in what postion?

Answer 25

Plantar Flexed and supinated

Question 26

What is the dermatome of the lateral malleolus?

Answer 26

L5

Question 27

The skin ligaments attaches what two structures?

Answer 27

Dermis and Deep Fascia

Question 28

What muscle groups will be recruited at each joint during heel strike to offset the effect of ground reaction force and keep the body moving? Hip? Knee? Ankle?

Answer 28

At Hip: Hip extensors At Knee: Knee extensors At Ankle: Ankle dorsiflexors

Question 29

What muscle groups will be recruited at each joint during Toe-Off to offset the effects of ground reaction force and keep the body moving forward? Hip? Knee? Ankle?

Answer 29

Hip: Flexors Knee: Extensors Ankle: Planter Flexion **_Apropulsive or Calcaneal gait_** Weakness of the ankle planter flexors can result in insufficent propulsion. There will be no toe-off, but the entire foot will leave the ground at once.

Question 30

Embroynoic dorsal surface muscles perform what?

Answer 30

Extension and Eversion

Question 31

What ligaments prevent hip extension?

Answer 31

Ischiofemoral and iliofemoral

Question 32

What Structure attaches at the anterior intercondylar area?

Answer 32

ACL Remember APEX Anterior to Posterior External

Question 33

What dermatone is found at the heel?

Answer 33

S1

Question 34

If a patient has lost the capability of ankle dorsiflexion, how will he/she compensate during the swing phase and in prepartion for heel stirke?

Answer 34

High Steppage Gait * Knee lifted high * Toe-Strike * Muscle atrophy * Sometimes toe of show is worn

Question 35

What type of joint is the distal Tibiofibular joint?

Answer 35

Syndesmosis

Question 36

**What is the order of fusion of the secondary ossification centers of the femur?**

Answer 36

Lesser Trochanter(18 years) Greater Trochanter (18-19 years) Head(18-20 years) Condyles (20-22 years)

Question 37

How many Secondary Ossfication centers does the Tibia have ? When do they appear and when do they fuse with diaphysis?

Answer 37

2 sometimes 3(Tibial tuberosity) Proximal: @birth (Fuse @ 13-19) Distal: 8-10 Months After birth (Fuse @ 14-18 years)

Question 38

When do primary and secondary ossfication begin in the fibula?

Answer 38

Primary 8 weeks in utero Secondary 12-18 years

Question 39

When does the fibula primary and secondary ossifications appear?

Answer 39

Primary: 8-9 weeks in utero Secondary: Proxmial 3-5 years Distal 9-22 months They fuse with primary: Proximal 12-20 years old Distal 12-20 years old. Can happen btw 12- 20 years

Question 40

If the patient is in-toeing what condition may they have? (in regards to the Tibia)

Answer 40

Medial/internal Tibial torsion Medial malleoli are oriented posteriorly