Quiz 4 Flashcards
What is an advantage of breathing through the nose?
More Filtration and Increased warming
Deoxygenated blood can be found in which vessels?
Systemic veins and Pulmonary arteries
If CO2 removal is impaired, and the CO2 accumulates in the blood, what is the effect on the bicarbonate buffer system?
The bicarbonate buffer system is shifted to the right , and there is a decrease in hydrogen ions and bicarbonate production
What describes pulse pressure?
Systolic pressure minus diastolic pressure
What would contribute to an increase in resistance to flow through a blood vessel?
- Increased length of the vessel
- increased viscosity of the fluid
- decreased radius of the vessel
Define Tidal Volume
tidal volume is the volume of air that is being breathed in and out during a normal breath (during rest)
Define Vital Capacity
is the inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume is the maximum amount of air that can be moved into or out of the respiratory system. this vital capacity decreases as we age.
Why physiological phenomenon is responsible for the delay between atrial and ventricular contraction? Why is this delay important for cardiac function.
The AV node
This delay is important to ensure that the ventricles fill with the blood. The Av node slows down transmission to allow for the atria to complete its contraction to pump blood into the ventricles before a ventricular contraction begins
P wave
Atrial depolarization
QRS complex
ventrciular depolarization
T wave
Ventrciular Repolarization
PQ segment
end of atrial depolarization to start of ventricular depolarization
ST-segment
end of ventricular depolarization to start of ventricular repolarization
Hemoglobin is an important factor in the transport of oxygen in the blood. What are two other factors that improve the transport of oxygen in the blood?
Lower temperature and PCO2
Where is the baroreceptor located that would sense changes in pressure to the brain?
Carotid Sinus
Which term accurately describes the ability of a lung to expand and receive more air from the environment?
compliance
The systemic arteries carry ______ blood and the pulmonary veins carry ________ blood.
oxygenated; oxygenated
Which trigger would cause an increase in temperature and PCO2, as well a decreased pH; this would result in a change to hemoglobin binding.
exercise
Central Chemoreceptors tend to respond to which triggers?
pH and CO2
arteries acts as a ________
pressure reservoir
veins typically acts as _________
volume reservoir
Which muscles would contract during heavy exercise to force expiration
Internal intercostals
abdominal muscles
What is the correct order of the valves that blood passes through as it travels from the right atrium through the heart?
tricuspid, pulmonary, bicuspid, aortic
What are the three steps to maintain haemostasis?
- Constriction of blood vessels
- Platelet Plug
- Coagulation `
what would cause an increase in hematocrit
- uncontrolled erythropoiesis
- dehydration
- living in high altitude conditions
Which leukocyte develops into a macrophage that engulfs and ingests foreign particles through phagocytosis after leaving circulation?
Monocytes
