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Physiology Ch. 8 > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Anna suffered a brain injury, and her neurologist has told her that there is damage to her reticular formation. Which symptom is Anna most likely to experience?

A

the disruptions of her sleep and wake cycles

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2
Q

What is the term for the minimum length of time between action potentials?

A

absolute refractory period

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3
Q

What is true about the pineal gland?

A
  • Regulates sleep-wake cycles
  • releases melatonin
  • part of the diencephalon
  • part of the forebrain
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4
Q

In summary, the hippocampus, amygdala, and the nucleus accumbens appeal to this aspect of human thought:

A

emotion

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5
Q

What is the type of tissue and the location of the corpus callosum

A

White matter; brain

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6
Q

Long-distance communication in the body can take place using the nervous system or the circulator system. What substrate would be used in the circulatory system and which other system does this relate to?

A

Neuron; nervous system

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7
Q

If stimulus intensity is proportional to hormone release, it means…

A

more hormone results in a greater intensity of response

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8
Q

Neurotransmitter release occurs through which process?

A

exocytosis

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9
Q

What is an accurate description of an all-or-none response?

A

An axon much reach a threshold level of depolarization in order to fire (through further depolarization) or it will not fire at all

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10
Q

What term references the inability for an action potential to be triggered due to a previous action potential

A

refractory period

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11
Q

A spinal reflex includes transmission through which of the following components of the nervous system before a muscular reflex is triggered

A
  • sensory receptor
  • spinal interneuron
  • motor neuron
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12
Q

match area of the brain to the function of the area: hippocampus

A

memory

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13
Q

Pons

A

arousal

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14
Q

amygdala

A

fear

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15
Q

basal ganglia

A

motor control

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16
Q

cerebellum

A

balance

17
Q

medulla

A

heart rate

18
Q

Which nervous system is subdivided into the somatic and autonomic nervous systems?

A

peripheral nervous system

19
Q

Which area of the brain allows information to travel between the left and right hemispheres?

A

Corpus Callosum

20
Q

Which division of your nervous system handles conversation of body resources, including blood pressure reduction and the promotion of digestion

A

Parasympathetic

21
Q

Anna is going for a run, she feels a sharp pain in her right leg, her heart rate increases and she sees a dog who just bit her. When Anna feels the pain in her right leg, which area of the brain responds to this sensation?

A

Left parietal lobe

22
Q

As a result of receiving neurotransmitters, the voltage of a postsynaptic receptor has become more negative. What will be the result of this change?

A

The postsynaptic neuron is hyper-polarized and less likely to fire again

23
Q

The speed of an action potential depends on what?

A
  • axon diameter
  • resistance to ion leakage
  • myelination
  • resistance to ion flow
24
Q

Joe was a world-class diver until he hit his head on the diving board during one of his dives. He now has difficulty coordinating the movements required for various tucks and rotations. Which area of Joe’s brain is likely damaged

A

the cerebellum

25
Q

Jessica just hit her thumb with a hammer. Which nerve fibres will transmit the command from her CNS to jerk her hand away?

A

motor; efferent nerve fibres

26
Q

What is a characteristic about oligodendrocytes is true?

A

Found in the CNS; capable of myelinating multiple axons

27
Q

Axon Hillock

A

Trigger Zone

28
Q

Nodes of Ranvier

A

Saltatory conduction

29
Q

Synaptic Knobs

A

from synapses with postsynaptic cells

30
Q

axon

A

conducts electrical impulses towards terminal buttons

31
Q

dendrites

A

receive input from other neurons

32
Q

cell body (soma)

A

integrates postsynaptic potentials

33
Q

Describe the 5 phases of an action potential

A
  1. resting membrane potential - channels are closed
  2. depolarization - sodium channels start to open, cell becomes positive (Na enters the cell)
  3. action potential - sodium channel closes, potassium channels open slowly
  4. repolarization - potassium channels are open, and potassium is moving to extracellular fluid making the cell more negative
  5. Hyperpolarization - potassium channels are still open, and potassium is flowing out of the cell making it more negative
34
Q

Describe how chemical synaptic transmission occurs

A
  1. synthesis - neurotransmitter is made in the axon terminal
  2. transportation and storage - neurotransmitter is stored in the axon terminal until it ready to release
  3. release - by exocytosis the neurotransmitter releases
  4. binding - then bind onto the receptors, initiating a response
  5. reuptake
  6. degradation

Physiology Ch. 8 (7 decks)

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