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Quiz 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is cultural relativism?

A

The idea is that the cultural norms and values of a society can only be understood on their own terms in their context.

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2
Q

What is etiology?

A

The causal description of all of the factors that contribute to the development of a disorder or illness.

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3
Q

What is supernatural

A

Developing from origins beyond the visible observable universe.

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4
Q

What is somatogenesis?

A

Develop from physical/bodily origins

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5
Q

What is psychogenic?

A

Developed from psychological origins.

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6
Q

What is maladaptive?

A

A term referring to behaviors that cause people who have them, prevent them from functioning daily life and/or indicate that they have lost touch with reality.

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7
Q

What is trephination?

A

The drilling of a hole in the skull is presumable as a way of treating psychological disorders.

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8
Q

What is hysteria?

A

A term used by ancient Greeks and Egyptians to describe a disorder that was thought to be caused by a woman’s wondering uterus.

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9
Q

What is humorism?

A

A belief held by ancient Roman and Greek physicians that health is based on the balance of the 4 bodily fluids (Blood, Black bile, yellow bile and phlegm)

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10
Q

What is animalism?

A

The belief that everyone ad everything had a “soul” and treat mental illness based on an animalistic cause, ex. evil spirits.

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11
Q

What are asylums?

A

Places used to confine and treat mentally ill patients, forerunners for mental hospitals and facilities.

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12
Q

What is treatment moral?

A

A therapeutic regimen of nutrition, living conditions, and rewards to productive behavior.

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13
Q

What is mesmerism?

A

Derived from Franz Anton Mesmer in the lord’s 18th century and an early version of hypnotism.

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14
Q

What is the cathartic method?

A

A therapeutic procedure introduced by Bever and developed further by Freud in the late 19th century a patient gains insight and emotional relief from recalling past trauma.

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15
Q

What is the Biopsychosocial Model?

A

model, where the interaction of biological an psychological and sociocultural factors are seen as influencing, development of an individual.

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16
Q

What is a syndrome?

A

Involving a particular group’s signs and symptoms.

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17
Q

What is anxiety?

A

A mood state is categorized by negative affect muscle tension and physical arousal to prevent future danger.

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18
Q

What is biological vulnerability?

A

A specific genetic and neurobiological factor that might predispose someone to develop a disorder.

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19
Q

What are Psychological vulnerabilities?

A

Influences that our early experiences have on how we view the world.

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20
Q

What are specific vulnerabilities?

A

How our experiences lead us to focus and channel our anxiety.

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21
Q

What is Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

A

Excessive worry about everyday things is at a level that is out of proportion to the specific causes of worry.

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22
Q

What are reinforced responses?

A

the process of operated conditioning, the strengthing of a response following either the desired consequence or escape from an aversive consequence.

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23
Q

What is panic disorder (PD)?

A

A condition marked by regular strong panic attacks includes significant worry of future attacks.

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24
Q

What are internal bodily or somatic cues?

A

Physical sensations that serve as triggers for anxiety or as reminders of past traumatic experiences.

25
Q

What is interoceptive acceptance?

A

Avoidance of situations or activities that produce sensations of physical arousal similar to those occurring during a panic attack or intense fear.

26
Q

What are external cues?

A

Stimuli in the cut size world serve as triggers for anxiety or reminders of past traumatic experiences.

27
Q

What is agoraphobia?

A

A sort of anxiety disorder distinguished by feelings that a place is uncomfortable or maybe unsafe because it is open and crowded.

28
Q

What is social anxiety disorder (SAD)?

A

A condition marked by an acute fear of social situations which limit day-to-day functions.

29
Q

What is SAD performance only?

A

Social anxiety disorder which limited to certain situations that the sufferer perceives as requiring some type of performance.

30
Q

What is a Conditioned response?

A

A learned reaction following classical conditioning or the process by which an event that automatically elicits a response is repeatedly paired with a neutral stimulus.

31
Q

What is PTSD?

A

A sense of intense fear, triggered memories of a past traumatic event, that another traumatic event might occur.

32
Q

What is a flashback?

A

Sudden intense re-experience of a previous event is usually trauma-related.

33
Q

What is OCD?

A

A disorder characterized by the desire to engage in certain behavior excessively or compulsively in hopes of reducing anxiety.

34
Q

What is thought-action fusion?

A

The tendency to overestimate the reaction between a thought and an action such as one taken believes the “bad” thought is a “bad” action.

35
Q

What is anhedonia?

A

Loss of interest or pleasure in activities one previously found enjoyable or rewarding.

36
Q

What is hypersomnia?

A

Excessive daytime sleepiness. Difficulty staying awake during the day.

37
Q

What is psychomotor agitation?

A

Increased motor activities associated with restlessness, including physical activities (tapping, pacing, etc.)

38
Q

What is psychomotor retardation?

A

A slowing of activities routine activities is performed in an unusually slow manner.

39
Q

What is suicidal ideation?

A

Recurring thoughts about suicide.

40
Q

What is grandiosity?

A

Inflated self-esteem or an exaggerated sense of self-importance and self-worth (belief one has special powers)

41
Q

What is the socioeconomic status (SES)?

A

A person’s economic and social position based on income education and occupation.

42
Q

What is early adversity?

A

Single or multiple acute or chronic stressful events which may be biological or psychological in nature, during childhood result in biological and psychological stress response.

43
Q

What is chronic stress?

A

Discrete or related problematic events and result in prolonged activation of the biological or psychological stress response.

44
Q

What are attribution styles?

A

The tendency by which a person infers the chase of behaviors or events.

45
Q

What is a Social zeitgeber?

A

Zeitgeber is German for “time giver.” Social zeitgebers are environmental cues, such as meal times and interactions with other people, that entrain biological rhythms and thus sleep-wake cycle regularity.

46
Q

What is catatonia?

A

Behaviors that reflect a reduction in response to the external environment.

47
Q

What is anhedonia/motivation?

A

A reduction in drive or ability to take steps or engage in actions nessicary to obtain the potentially positive outcome.

48
Q

What delusions?

A

False beliefs are often fixed, hard to change into the presence of conflict information and often culturally influenced in the context.

49
Q

What are hallucinations?

A

Perceptual experiences that even when there is no stimulus in the outside world generating the experiences.

50
Q

What is disorganized speech?

A

Speech is difficult to follow, either because answers do not clearly follow questions or because and sentence does not logically follow from another.

51
Q

What are disorganized behaviors?

A

Behavior or dress that is outside the norm for almost all subcultures. This would include odd dress, odd makeup (e.g., lipstick outlining a mouth for 1 inch), or unusual rituals (e.g., repetitive hand gestures).

52
Q

What is the flat affect?

A

A reduction in the display of emotions through facial expressions, gestures, and speech intonation.

53
Q

What is alogia?

A

A reduction in the amount of speech and/or increased pausing before the initiation of speech.

54
Q

What are diagnostic criteria?

A

The criteria are used to determine what time psychogeriatric disorder is. Commonly used diagnostic criteria are included.

55
Q

What is functional capacity?

A

The abilities to engage in self-care work, attend and or engage in social-relational.

56
Q

What is Episodic memory?

A

The ability to engage to retrieve new information or episodes in one’s life.

57
Q

What is working memory?

A

The ability to maintain information over a short period of such as 30 seconds or less.

58
Q

What is processing speed?

A

The speed with which individuals can perceive auditory or visual information and information and respond to it.

Psych (6 decks)

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