Quiz 3.2

Question 1

Why are all the muscles positioned around the neck?

Answer 1

To optimize position of the senses (eyes and ears)

Question 2

Muscles of shoulder for torso

Answer 2

Provide support and facilitate movement of the back/torso
Insertion of some shoulder muscles is back
Means extreme shoulder ROM causes torso movement

Question 3

External obliques primary movement

Answer 3

Side bend toward same side

Question 4

Rectus abdom. primary move

Answer 4

Flexion of lumbar spine

Question 5

Internal obliques primary movement

Answer 5

Flex and rotate trunk to same side

Question 6

Transverse ab. primary movement

Answer 6

Compress abdominal contents

Question 7

Thoracolumbar Fascia

Answer 7

Deep membrane that covers back of trunk

Question 8

Function of the abdominal muscles

Answer 8

Stabilize body and maintain upright stability
Allow wide variety of movements
Protect internal organs
Assists with breathing and speaking

Question 9

Know back torso muscles

Answer 9

See slides

Question 10

Primary function of back muscles of torso

Answer 10

Stabilize the back/body upright
Extend the spine/torso (sagittal plane) when flexed or to resist gravity

Question 11

Posterior vs. anterior torso muscles primary movement

Answer 11

Posterior- extension
Anterior- Flexion

Question 12

Sit ups vs. crunches

Answer 12

Both are Flex/extension of trunk
Sit up requires more hip flexion, upright postural muscles, primarily lower abdomen
Crunch more transverse ab, and superior abdomen

Question 13

Pelvic floor

Answer 13

26 muscles, 3 layers
Function: Continence, support pelvic floor organs, lymph pump, support spine, pelvis, core
Provide core stability with low fatigue

Question 14

Why important to have healthy back, abs, and pelvic floor

Answer 14

Stabilize torso during movement/standing
Transfer energy from ground to upper body
Keeps joint health of back hips and shoulders
Provide assistance with breathing

Question 15

Hip bones and motion

Answer 15

Pelvis, femur (Sacrum?)
3 DOF: flex/ext., ab/ad, int/ext rotation

Question 16

Sacroiliac joint

Answer 16

absorbs much of weight/force, must be very stable, many ligaments
Articulation between passenger (head trunk arms (HAT)) and locomotive

Question 17

Pelvis function

Answer 17

Supports weight of body through spine (force transferred to bones of hip)
GRFs transitioned toward spine during locomotion, pelvis limits what goes up to spine/upper body
Site of attachment for muscles

Question 18

Movements of pelvis in sagittal plane

Answer 18

posterior tilt (top of pelvis goes backward)
Anterior tilt (top of pelvis forward–> lordosis

Question 19

Lateral pelvic tilt

Answer 19

Frontal plane motion around anteroposterior axis
Shoulder drops on weak side (Side with hip up)
Knee rotates in, foot everts (collapses)

Question 20

Female pelvis vs. male

Answer 20

Less dense, wider, shallower, larger pelvic cavity, more space, more oval obturator foramina, pubic arch > 90, acetabula smaller and more anterior

Question 21

Q angle

Answer 21

angle from medial tibial tuberosity and greater tronchonator of femur

Question 22

Why do women have larger Q

Answer 22

Wide width of pelvis to femur ratio
Speculated cause for ACL injury in women
GRF comes vertically up leg and more is received at knee when Q is large

Question 23

What change could be made to reduce women’s ACL risk

Answer 23

Strengthen
Make behavioral changes to have wider steps to realign GRF vector up leg and reduce knee stress