Quiz 2.3 Flashcards
FOOSH
Falling on an outstretched hand
Common injury in sports and older adults
Range from bruising to severe (fracture/dislocation)
Joints of the wrist
Radiocarpal
Midcarpal
Radiocarpal
80% of compressive force is transmitted to radius
Midcarpal
Medial and lateral compartments
Less movement
Joints of the hand/fingers
Distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)
Proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP)
Metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP)
Know where these are
Joints of the thumb
Interphalangeal joint (IP)
Metacarpophalangeal I joint (MCP I)
Carpometacarpal joint (CMC)
Know where these are
Extrinsic ligaments of the wrist
Radial collateral
Palmar Radiocarpal
Palmar ulnocarpal
Dorsal Radiocarpal
Dorsal ulnocarpal
Ulnar collateral
Short intrinsic wrist ligament function
Stabilize the distal row of carpals
Long intrinsic wrist ligament function
Provide transverse stability
Carpal tunnel
Formed by the transverse carpal ligament
Passageway underneath for BV and nerves
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Pinching of the median nerve under transverse carpal ligament due to weird positioning of hands
Wrist brace or surgery if severe
Primary movement of wrist
Flex/extend
Central column
Radius –> lunate –> capitate –> 3rd metacarpal
Anchor of wrist flex/ext
Capitate –> 3rd metacarpal
Movements of the wrist and hand
Flex/ext
Radial/ulnar deviation
Flex/ext fingers
Difference between extensor and flexor muscle origin in forearm
Extensors primarily come from lateral epicondyle and flexors primarily from medial epicondyle
What is common about flexors? Extensors?
Flexors have same origin
Extensors have same origin
(more or less)
Extensor retinaculum
Sheath that provides support and stability for all the extensor muscles and their long tendons
Similar purpose as the transverse carpal lig but on dorsal side
Flexor retinaculum
Continuous with extensor, long tendons reside underneath and the transverse carpal
How do muscles flex and extend both the wrist and fingers?
It depends on where the anchor (insertion) point is and the pulley system of the hand.
*Finger flex/ext all on palmar side
Point of intrinsic hand muscles
Allow for more movement of hand beyond flex/ext
*see slide list of muscles/movements
Difference between precision grip and thumb opposition
Gross vs. fine motor control
Precision uses more intrinsic muscles
What makes human hands/thumb unique to non-human primates?
Ability to use thumb and have fine motor control
Greater variety of movement at thumb
What influences grip strength
Angle of wrist
Flexed wrist = least grip strength because extensors must counteract flexion torque of finger flexors
Extended wrist = max grip
Extensor muscles are neutralizers for finger flexion (grip strength)
Radial vs. ulnar deviators
Radial deviators produce more torque than ulnar
Deviation
Frontal plane movement
Extensor/flexor synergy (work together to perform action)
Movement analysis
Know how to do
Break into phases
See slides
