Quiz 3 - Smith - 2nd Half Of Antibiotics I

Question 1

Bacitracin (topical only) and vancomycin (IV) are examples of what?

Answer 1

Non-beta-lactam antibacterials

THEY ARE CELL WALL SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS

Question 2

Bactitracin - Tell me about it.

Answer 2

Bactericidal

Disrupts G+ and G-

Causes kidney damage when used internally

Antibiotic resistance increasing with use

Question 3

Vancomycin. Tell me about it.

Answer 3

Glycopeptide

Bactericidal

G+ only, including MRSA, Enterococcus, and S epidermidis

Used to treat endocarditis in penicillin-allergic patients (IV)

Inhibits cell wall synthesis in G+ bacteria

Should NOT be used to treat methicillin-sensitive SA, inferior to nafcillin

Poorly absorbed orally - can be used against C diff

Adverse - Red man syndrome, Nephrotoxic and ototoxic drug

Question 4

Tell me about polymyxins.

Answer 4

Bactericidal against G- bacteria

Disrupts cell membrane osmotic gradient

Used against multi drug resistant infections

Question 5

Tell me about daptomycin (IV).

Answer 5

Cyclic lipopeptide

Bactericidal against G+

Active against MRSA and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus

NOT INDICATED FOR PNEUMONIA

Question 6

What is anaphylaxis?

Answer 6

More common with parenteral or IV administration

Fatal if countermeasures not taken immediately (Injection of epinephrine)

Question 7

3 types of allergic rxns to penicillins/beta-lactams.

Answer 7

1 - Immediate/acute onset - IgE mediated - 30 minutes - life-threatening

2 - Accelerated onset - 30 minutes - 48 hours after administration - generally not life-threatening

3 - Delayed onset - Rxns take longer than 2 days to develop - **most penicillin rxns are this type - rashes