QUIZ 3 - MSN 6204

Question 1

The main cause of gastrooesophageal reflux is:

High gastric acid output
Low gastric acid output
Lower esophageal sphincter incompetence
Cigarette smoking

Answer 1

Lower esophageal sphincter incompetence

Question 2

Melatonin helps in GERD by:

Inhibiting gastric acid output

Inhibiting nitric oxide biosynthesis; thereby reducing the rate of transient relaxations in the LES

Strengthening the LES

All of the above

None of the above

Answer 2

All of the above

Question 3

In human clinical trials, which agent(s) appears to be the most effective in eradicating H. pylori when used without antibiotics?

Mastic gum (Pistacia lentiscus var Chia)

Rhubarb root (Rheum emodi)

Black seed (Nigella sativa)

Vitamin C Vitamin E and C

Answer 3

Black seed (Nigella sativa)

Question 4

All of the following agents can be used to improve the efficacy of antibiotics in eradicating H. pylori except:

Vitamin C

Zinc carnosine

Vitamin C and vitamin E

Lactobacillus acidophilus La5 and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12

Lactose

Answer 4

Lactose

Question 5

According to human clinical trials, which agent appears to have the greatest effect in speeding the healing of peptic ulcers?

Zinc carnosine

Cabbage juice

Melatonin

Mastic gum

Answer 5

Cabbage juice

Question 6

Causes of peptic ulcer disease include all of the following except one. Choose the exception:

Helicobacter pylori

A predominantly wholefoods, plant-based diet

Use of oral corticosteroids

Use of NSAIDs

Use of aspirin

Answer 6

A predominantly wholefoods, plant-based diet

Question 7

All of the following foods or drinks inhibit the growth of Helicobacter pylori except:

Bilberries

Grapes

Alfalfa sprouts

Green tea

Answer 7

Alfalfa sprouts

Question 8

To facilitate contact between Helicobacter pylori and anti-microbial agents (natural or pharmaceutical), which agent(s) should be co-administered?

N-acetyl cysteine

Lactobacillus reuteri MM53

Lactobacillus acidophilus La5 and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12

Zinc carnosine

B and C

Answer 8

N-acetyl cysteine

Question 9

Which dietary agent causes impaired esophageal motility, increased gastric acid secretion, transient lower esophageal relaxations and slows gastric emptying?

Chocolate

Alcohol

Coffee

Fatty foods

Answer 9

Alcohol

Question 10

Other contributing factors in GERD include:

Delayed gastric emptying

Impaired esophageal acid clearance

Decreased salivation

All of the above

None of the above

Answer 10

All of the above

Question 11

Slow gastric emptying contributes to GERD by:

A increasing the amount of time for Helicobacter pylori to eat the food. Which results in increased gas production; causing belching and reflux

B increasing the length of time refluxate is available in the stomach

C increasing gastric distension, which has been found to increase the rate of transient LES relaxations

A and B

B and C

Answer 11

B and C

Question 12

Which probiotic strain has demonstrated the greatest efficacy in eradicating H. pylori?

Saccharomyces cerevisiae var boulardii Biocodex

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG

Bifidobacterium lactis

Bb12 Lactobacillus acidophilus NAS

Lactobacillus reuteri MM53

Answer 12

Lactobacillus reuteri MM53

Question 13

Which of the following agents improves functioning of the LES?

D-limonene

Melatonin

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG

Lactobacillus reuteri MM53

All of the above

Answer 13

Melatonin

Question 14

Key risk factors for GERD development include all the following except one. Choose the exception.

Physical inactivity

Pregnancy

High BMI

Smoking

Answer 14

Physical inactivity