Quiz #3 (kidney) prep Flashcards
When would the kidneys reabsorb water?
if low blood volume is detected or a increase in osmolarity - antidiuretic (ADH) is
When would the kidneys inhibit the reabsorption of water?
triggered by stretching of atria - inhibits NA and renin reabsorption - atrial natriuretic H (ANH)
When would the kidneys want to increase Na and water reabsorption?
triggered by decrease in blood volume or decrease in NA - renin conversions to aldosterone
What causes UTI’s?
E. coli bacteria
How is UTI diagnosed?
- urinalysis
- ultra sound, x-ray, CT, postpaid residual (PVY), voiding cystourethrography (VCUG)
Special implications for working with patients with UTI’s?
- keep a look out for sign/symptoms
- careful with low back pain (check for trigger points)
- important to monitor in SCI
- tied into incontinence therapy
- different signs/symptoms in elderly
What is the classic presentation of an acute kidney stone?
- severe pain (most people cannot get comfortable)
- flank pain radiating to the groin and perineal areas (incl scrotum/labia) with hematuria.
How is bladder cancer diagnosed?
cystoscopy and confirmed by histologic exam
What are the clinical features of bladder cancer?
hematuria, dysuria, lower abdominal pain
What are the stages of TNM method?
T 1 - Tumor cells do NOT invade muscle
T2 – Muscle is involved
T3 - Tumors invade beyond the bladder but do NOT involve other organs
T4 – Tumors are invasive to outside structures (prostate and distant metastases)
What lab test are used to diagnose chronic kidney failure?
- BUN
- Creatinine
- Creatinine clearance test
What types of imaging are used to diagnose chronic kidney failure?
- US
- MRI
What are signs/symptoms of Kidney failure?
too many to list
