Quiz#3 disorders of the cornea Flashcards
1.the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a transparent and Avascular refracting surface.
Layers include:Epithelium
Bowmans
Stroma
( (dua)
EndotheliumCornea
- ____________ regenerates quickly
Epithelium
- _________ never regenerate and if damaged can cause corneal edema and the cornea will loose transparency also known as the ___________.
Endothelium
Ground glass appearance
- The average diameter of the cornea is _______
11-12mm
- ____________ shows corneal enlargement greater than 12mm
Congenital Glaucoma
- ______________ is an inflammatory of the cornea ( kera)
Keratitis
- ___________ are round , grey/white clusters of inflammatory (WBC’s ) that can be superficial in the epithelium or deep in the Stroma. They do not stain with Fluorescein.
Infiltrates
- Epithelial vacuoles and microcysts can be from _________ due to contact lens wear. They do not stain with Fluorescein.
Hypoxia
- _________ is a lack of oxygen to the corneal cells
Hypoxia
Noninfectious Keratitis
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca
PEK. ( Punctate epithelial keratitis) also known as SPK ( superficial Punctate keratitis)
Non- infectious ( culture negative) peripheral / marginal ulcers
- nothing -
- Dry eye Syndrome is known as ______________________ and PEK or SPK is seen on exam .
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca
- __________________ otherwise known as _____________are areas of fine erosions of the corneal epithelium that stain with Fluorescein or Rose Bengal dyes. It was first reported by Thygeson and causes tearing , FBS, photophobia, and decreased vision.
Punctate epithelial keratitis (PEK)
superficial Punctate Keratitis (SPK)
*****Causes of SPK / PEK are: 1-7
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca Adenovirus ( ADV) Herpes simplex Chemical injuries Overuse of contact use Exposure to light - welding , sunlamps Reaction to topical or systemic medication
*** exposure Keratitis can lead to ulceration of the cornea and is often seen in Bell’s Palcy or Graves Disease where the lids won’t close properly
**
Infectious Keratitis
- bacterial
- strep
- pseudomonas
- Fungal
- Protozoa-amoebae
- Viral ~herpes~adenovirus
-
- ______/____________________ are non-infectious ulcers that can be associated with staphylococcal blepharitis, contact lens wear Or Rheumatoid arthritis and pseudomonas. When associated with blepharitis there is a hypersensitivity reaction directed against __________ produced by the staph and can be treated with corticosteroids
Marginal/ peripheral (CNPU)culture negative ulcers
Exotoxins
13.______________ can be from strep, a gram positive organism or from Pseudomonas, a gram negative organism
Bacterial keratitis
14._______________ has a grey-white , dry-appearing infiltrate that has a delicately filamentous feathery edge
Fungal keratitis
- _____________________ was once prevalent in soft contact lens wearers who prepared home made saline solutions from tap water or distilled water but is still seen more so with contact lens wear
Acanthamoeba keratitis
16._____________________ is acquired from the environment as opposed to infection that arises from viral latency , showing vesicular blepharoconjunctivitis and may involve the cornea
primary herpes simplex
- _______________ is a inflammatory corneal disorder also responsible for cold sores and reveals a corneal dendritic ulcer with terminal bulbs when stained with Fluorescein. It can also present with a geographic ulcer or SPK
Herpes Simplex Keratitis ( HSV)
18._______________is caused by a varicella virus
In recurrent chicken pox, and patients have facial blisters following the Trigeminal nerve with neuralgia pain and pseudodentrites in the cornea with no terminal bulbs.
Herpes Zoster
- _______________ are used to treat Herpes Zoster but will make Herpes Simplex worse . Both Herpes Zoster and Simplex can be treated with __________ and _____________
Corticosteroids ( medicine , not natural)
Viroptic Drops and Zovirax oral medication
- ______________ is from an oculodermatologic disease characterized by facial redness , sebaceous-gland disfunction on the face, neck, shoulders , and keratitis, and can present with flushing episodes associated with alcohol , hot drinks and spicy food
Rosacea Keratitis
- Corneal Neovascularization can be from infection , inflammation , nod stage glaucoma , trauma, or poor contact lens fit resulting in hypoxia , and is otherwise known as _________.
Pannus
- ____________ are empty blood vessels remaining after corneal invasion by vessels that were filled by blood .
Ghost vessels
WRONG : marginal/peripheral culture negative ulcers - THEY CAN BE CAUSED BY PSEUDOMONAS.
what can cause infectious keratitis?
-Acanthamoeba
Study!
