Quiz 3 Flashcards
The functional length of DNA that provides the genetic information necessary to build a protein is a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. codon histone gene ribosome
gene
The formation of gametes (egg and sperm) is via \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. osmosis symport meoisis mitosisos
meoisis
The function of mitosis is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Formation of sex cells (sperm and oocytes) To create genetic diversity Growth and cell replacement All of the above are true
Growth and cell replacement
The term chromatin refers to ________.
loosely coiled DNA
Ribosomes are made in the _______.
nucleolus
Alzheimer’s disease is associated with an abnormal build up of proteins in the brain. Which organelle is responsible for removing and recycling damaged or abnormal proteins?
proteosomes
The fuzzy coat of carbohydrates on the outer surface of the plasma membrane that functions in cell identification is called the __________.
glycocalyx
Proteins that do not protrude into the phospholipid bilayer, but adhere to the surface of the plasma membrane, are called __________.
peripheral proteins
The most abundant molecules in the plasma membrane are __________.
phosopholipids
Membrane proteins that allow specific substances to move through a water filled pore are called _______.
channel proteins
Membrane proteins that distinguish your cells from anyone else’s are _______.
recognition proteins
A function of the plasma membrane includes _______.
letting water, certain ions and substrates into the cell
The fuzzy somewhat sticky carbohydrate rich area at the cell surface which functions in anchoring, locomotion, and recognition is called _______.
glycocalyx
A solution that contains a higher solute concentration than the cytoplasm of a cell is called _______.
hypertonic
Which of these is an example of active transport?
Facilitated diffusion of K+
Transport of Na+ from a place of low concentration to a place of higher concentration
Transport of glucose down its concentration gradient
Diffusion of oxygen from a place of high concentration to a place of lower concentration
Transport of Cl- following its concentration gradient
Transport of Na+ from a place of low concentration to a place of higher concentration
The greater the concentration gradient, the faster the diffusion rate
True
False
True
Na+-K+ ATPase is a countertransport antiport carrier, which always requires energy
True
False
True
Water flows through a selectively permeable membrane in a process called __________, but water molecules cross the membrane more easily through channels of transmembrane proteins called aquaporins.
osmosis
The process by which molecules, such as glucose, are moved down their concentration gradient with the help of a membrane-bound carrier protein is called _________.
facilitated diffusion
A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. This means the concentration of solutes in the solution is __________ than the concentration of solutes in the intracellular fluid, and will cause the cell to ______________.
higher; shrink
Sodium and glucose are transported together from the intestinal lumen into an intestinal cell. This process is called ____________.
co-transport
Cell transport where integral proteins bind specific molecules and carry them across the cell membrane in the same direction is called _____.
co-transport
The fluid outside of a cell is called __________.
extracellular fluid
What is the function of the golgi apparatus?
Produces and secretes glycolipids
Synthesizes proteins
Regulates transport and modifies newly synthesized proteins
Produces lipids
Regulates transport and modifies newly synthesized proteins
What is the function of a ribosome?
Synthesizes proteins
The organelles that form the spindle apparatus during cell division are the ______.
centrioles
Masses of insoluble material in the cytosol are called _______.
inclusions
_________ decompose fatty acids, and detoxify alcohol, free radicals, and drugs.
Peroxisomes
Organelles forming a major part of the cytoskeleton and whose contractions enable cell movement are the __________.
microfilaments
__________ provide motility (movement) to a sperm cell.
Flagella
The __________ synthesize(s) carbohydrates and put(s) finishing touches on proteins synthesized at __________.
golgi apparatus; rough ER
You are studying a group of cells that have an extensive network of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Which of the following would be a possible product of these cells?
steroid hormones
The organelles consisting of tiny bags of digestive enzymes are _______.
lysosomes
If a cell lacked centrioles, it would be unable to \_\_\_\_\_. divide metabolize sugars move produce DNA synthesize proteins
divide
What does the rough endoplasmic reticulum do?
Produces most of the ATP in the cell via cellular respiration
Synthesizes protein for secretion, insertion into the plasma membrane, and lysosomal enzymes
Regulates transport and modifies newly synthesized proteins
Synthesizes proteins that live in the cytosol
Synthesizes protein for secretion, insertion into the plasma membrane, and lysosomal enzymes
Cell death due to programmed cell suicide is called _________
apoptosis
Which of the following organelles sorts, cuts, splices, and packages newly formed proteins into membrane-bound vesicles? Nucleolus Golgi apparatus Smooth ER Mitochondrion Rough ER
Golgi apparatus
What is the function of mitochondria?
Synthesizes protein for secretion, insertion into the plasma membrane, and lysosomal enzymes
Synthesizes proteins that live in the cytosol
Produces most of the ATP in the cell via cellular respiration
Regulates transport and modifies newly synthesized proteins
Produces most of the ATP in the cell via cellular respiration
In the glycocalyx, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ act like identification tags that enable the body to distinguish its own cells from foreign and diseased cells. triglycerides glycoproteins lipoproteins cholesterol molecules phospholipids
glycoproteins
When describing a cell’s membrane potential, the cell interior is _______
more positively charged then the exterior
positively charged whenever the sodium-potassium pump is active
more negatively charged than the exterior
continuously reversing its electrical charge
electrically neutral
more negatively charged than the exterior
Which of the following is not a method by which particles can leave a cell? Active transport Exocytosis Simple diffusion Pinocytosis Counter-transport
Pinocytosis
A mucous gland in your mouth secreting spit using vesicles is an example of \_\_\_\_\_\_. pinocytosis osmosis exocytosis endocytosis phagocytosis
exocytosis
