Quiz 3 Flashcards
Both Insulin and resistance and beta-cell dysfunction are present in what condition?
Type 2 diabetes.
What is secreted by the beta cells?
Insulin
What is considered a high fibre food?
Vegetables particularly beans.
How does dietary fibre can help reduce blood cholesterol levels
By binding cholesterol and bile acid in the G.I. tract by blocking reabsorption of bile acids in the G.I. tract by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis in the liver
What is the well-documented health problems associated with excess sugar intake?
Dental caries
A protein is released into the blood several hours after the last meal and it stimulates the breakdown of glycogen what is being described
Glycagon released from the pancreas
Type one diabetes is?
The moon system destroys the pancreatic cells that produces insulin
Polysaccharide that can be digestible and hot food but indigestible on this food cools “what is being described
Resistant starch
What best describes the purpose of brush border enzymes
To breakdown oligosaccharides and disaccharides to monosaccharides such as fructose and glucose
Which is a good source of resistant starch
Chilled or cooked potatoes
indigestible carbohydrates is
Very good source of probiotics for microflora in the G.I. tract
What causes lactose intolerance
InAdequate production of the enzyme lactase
The difference between starch in soluble fibre is
Broken down by human digestive enzymes to glucose soluble fibre is broken down by bacteria in the large intestine to short chain fatty acid.
What is the condensation reaction between two monosaccharides
Glucose and galactose react to form water and the disaccharide lactose
What are oligosaccharides?
Carbohydrates containing 3 to 10 sugar unit
Which of the following sequences represents a monosaccharide followed by a disaccharide followed by a polysaccharide
Fructose sucrose starch
Which of the following nutrients is not added to enrich grains
Vitamin E
Of the following examples which one is with in the limits of the AmDr range of carbohydrates
45 to 65%
One result of low carbohydrate intake and or insufficient glycogen store is the production of
Ketone bodies
The digestion of sucrose results in what two monosaccharides
Fructose and glucose
A person who is been diagnosed with PK you should refrain from consuming sugar alternative
Aspartame
What most influence in the incidence of lactose intolerance
ethnicity
Carbohydrates are made up of
Monosaccharides disaccharides and polysaccharides
Refined carbohydrates are
Foods that have undergone a process that changes or removes various components of the original for food particularly nutrients
Which of the monosaccharides is the most important fuel for the body
Glucose
The three monosaccharides are
Glucose galactose fructose
The three disaccharides are
Sucrose lactose maltose
Lactose is made up
Glucose and galactose
Sucrose is made up of
Glucose and fructose
Maltose is made up of
Look up
The chemical reaction that breaks the bonds between sugar molecules is called
Hydrolysis reaction
The link between two sugars is called
Condensation reaction
Polysaccharides are
Longer than a 10 monosaccharide chain and include glycogen in animals and starch and fibre in plants
Glycogen is
A quick source of glucose if needed often stored in the muscle and liver
Glycogen is not present in meat!!! It is broken down after slaughter.
Name the two types of starch molecules
Amylose:long straight chains
Amylopectin bunched chains.
Fibre that cannot be broken down by bacteria in the large intestine nine and does not dissolve in water is called
Insoluble fibre
Fibre can be digested by bacteria in the long large intestine find producing short chain fatty acid’s is called
Soluble fibre
Digestion of starch begin to where
In the mouth
How does insoluble fibre stimulate G.I. tract motility
Increased bulk and additional water allows easier evacuation of stool. Better bowel function
How is energy made
Glucose + Oxygen = Carbondixide+ water + atp energy.
The chemical reaction that breaks the bonds between sugar sugar molecules is called
Hydrolysis reaction
What does hydrolysis
reaction do
Uses water to add OH to sugar and a hydrogen Adam
Starches consist of two types of molecules what are they
A.m. YLOSE which consists of Longstreet chains of glucose molecule and a and YLOPECTIN which contains of a bunch of chains of glucose molecules
