Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is nutrition?
Science that studies all the interactions that occur between living organisms and food.
Food provides what?
Energy and nutrients.
What is the Canadian Community Health Survey?CCHS
A recent survey of Canadian health including eating habits. 35000 Canadian in 2000 and continues to collect data annually
What are the 6 classes of nutrients?
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- proteins
- water
- Vitamins
- Minerals.
Describe three general function of nutrient?
Provide energy
Forming structures
Regulating body function.
Describe how diet-gene interaction affects health
Yes inherit tendency
What are essential nutrients?
What our body can’t make, but we need or it doesn’t make enough.
Foods where nutrients are added is called what?
Fortified
What are phytchemical?
Substances in plant foods that are not essential but may not be essential.
What are zoochemical.
Animal stuff that might be health promoting, but is not essential.
What are energy yielding nutrients?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Protein
(Alcohol)
What are the macronutrient?
Water and energy yielding
What are micronutrients?
Vitamins and minerals. And they are needed in small amounts.
What is organic/not organic molecules?
Organic: carbon hydrogen bonds
Non organic: no bonds
How much energy per gram from carbohydrates?
4
How many kilocalories/gram for lipids.
9
How many kcalorie/gram for protein?
4
What are legumes?
Starchy seed plants. Grow from ground.
What is metabolism?
The sum of chemical reactions in living things
What is homeostasis?
A stable internal environment.
According to portion distortion how many times have today serving size is increased in 20 years?
2 to 3 times
Which enzyme breaks down the triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids
lpl
Which statement best distinguishes between hepatic portal circulation and lymphatic system with respect to nutrient transport?
Patrick portal circulation transports water soluble nutrients directly from the small intestine nine to the liver well the lymphatic system transports fat soluble nutrients from the small intense tied directly to the circulatory system.
Hepatic portal circulation carries nutrients from the small intestine to what organ organ?
the liver
Which statement best describes the absorption of nutrients?
From the cells of the small intestine nine amino acids and glucose pass into the bloodstream well long chain fatty acid’s pass into the lymphatic system!
Which of the following accessory organs releases its secretions into the G.I. tract? :
galley bladder tank for you is salivary gland all of the choices are correct?
All
Which of the following is a good source of omega-3 and I’ll make a six fatty acid’s?
Walnuts walnuts
A strong correlation exists between an increased risk of colon cancer and what type diet.
Animal fat
What is the consequence of the oxidation of LDL’s
Recruitment of macrophages with scavenger receptors to the site of oxidation increased inflamation of foam cells.
What is the effect of a decrease in the ability of LDL receptors to bind into LDL
Increased risk of a Theodore atherosclerosis
What is the function of the HDL particle
It picks up cholesterol from little pro proteins in the blood and transport it to the liver and organs that synthesize steroid hormones
Which is a characteristic of eicosanoids
Hormone like compounds synthesized from omega-3 and omega six fatty acids needed to regulate many body processes
What is the effect of high levels of HDL’s in the blood
Reduced risk of heart disease!
Which statement best distinguishes between Clymo microns and the VLDL’s.
Chylomicrons are formed in the small intestine from there and truth in Fattic system the VLDL’s or formed in the liver and from there into the bloodstream
Which of the following cannot be directly absorbed in the small intestine and transported in blood for delivery to cells
Long chain fatty acid’s
Which is a characteristic of clotchylomicrons
They transport lipids from the mu call Saul cells of the small intestine to other body cells they are absorbed into the lymphatic system they are formed by the intestinal coastal sell all of the choices are correct
Droplet of dietary fat found in the lumen of the small intestine containing fatty acids monoglyceride cholesterol and fat soluble vitamins cold by compote synthesized in the liver what is being described?
Michelle
What is the end of the fatty acid chain containing a methyl group called
Hey Ruben Omega
Of the following dietary lipids what one is most heart healthy
Canola oil
Which is an omega-3 fatty acid
18 2 N
Alpha linolenic acid is an example of what type of fatty acid
Omega-3 fatty acid
How do we describe our diet
In terms of food and nutrients
Name an organic compound.
Vitamin C
Which of the following diseases is not closely related to dietary factors.
Pneumonia
What food is most nutrient dense
HBroccoli
There. Are two kinds of fats
Linolenic acid and alpha linalaic acid
What kind of fat is most abundant in the food in the body
Triglycerides lipid group +3 fatty acid chains
Cholesterol is a type of
Proteins are responsible for the growth and maintenance of body structures and regulation
What is nutrient density
Pick foods that are hiring nutrients and lower in calories
