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Ex Rx for Individuals with Chronic Disease > Quiz #3 > Flashcards

Quiz #3 Flashcards

1
Q

> /= 65 yr healthy & people with chronic conditions:
- 5 HRPF components
- _ is the most common activity
- Emphasize on warm-up & cool-down

A

walking

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2
Q

FITT recommendations for older adults:
Aerobic Exercise
- Frequency

A

> /= 5 days/week for moderate or >/= 3 days/week for vigorous
- 3-5 days/week of combination

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3
Q

FITT recommendations for older adults:
Aerobic Exercise
- Time

A

30-60 min/day in bouts of at least 20 min each to total 150-300 min/week

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4
Q

FITT recommendations for older adults:
Aerobic Exercise
- Type

A

walking

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5
Q

FITT recommendations for older adults:
Muscle strengthening/endurance exercise
- Frequency

A

> /= 2 days/week

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6
Q

FITT recommendations for older adults:
Muscle strengthening/endurance exercise
- Intensity

A

Moderate intensity
- Light intensity for older adults beginning a resistance training program

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7
Q

FITT recommendations for older adults:
Flexibility
- Frequency

A

> /= 2 days/week

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8
Q

FITT recommendations for older adults:
Flexibility
- Intensity

A

stretch to the point of feeling tightness or slight discomfort

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9
Q

FITT recommendations for older adults:
Flexibility
- Time

A

Hold stretch 30-60 seconds

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10
Q

FITT recommendations for pregnant women:
Aerobic exercise
- Frequency

A

3-4 days/week

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11
Q

FITT recommendations for pregnant women:
Aerobic exercise
- Intensity

A

Moderate intensity exercise recommended for women with a pregnancy (BMI) <25 Kg
- Light intensity for pregnant (BMI) >/= 25 Kg

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12
Q

FITT recommendations for pregnant women:
Aerobic exercise
- Time

A

Women with a pregnancy BMI of >/= 25 Kg who have been medically prescreened can exercise at a light intensity starting at 25 min/day adding 2 min/week until 40 min 3-4 days/week is achieved

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13
Q

Long-term force of the blood against artery walls is abnormally high

A

Hypertension (high blood pressure)

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14
Q

Blood pressure is determined by both the _ and the _
- The more blood heart pumps and the narrower arteries, the higher the blood pressure

A
  • amount of blood the heart pumps
  • amount of resistance to blood flow in arteries
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15
Q

Hypertension (high blood pressure):
When blood pressure is too high
- Higher pressure puts extra _
- Over time, increases risk of heart disease, stroke, kidney failure

A

force on heart & vessels

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16
Q

Hypertension (high blood pressure):
When blood pressure is too high
- Negative cycle

** short answer

A
  • If BP is too high, artery wall muscles will respond by pushing back harder
  • Artery walls get thicker
  • Less space for blood flow
  • Then makes BP even higher
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17
Q

Hypertension (high blood pressure):
Risk factors

A
  • Lack of physical activity
  • Smoking, alcohol consumption
  • Family history
  • Too much salt
  • Older age
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18
Q

Hypertension (high blood pressure):
Systolic Blood pressure =

A

> /= 130 mmHg

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19
Q

Hypertension (high blood pressure):
Diastolic Blood pressure =

A

> /= 80 mmHg

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20
Q

Blood pressure measurements fall into 4 general categories

A
  1. Normal BP
  2. Elevated BP
  3. Stage 1 hypertension
  4. Stage 2 hypertension
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21
Q

Blood pressure measurements:
Below 120/80 mmHg

A

Normal BP

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22
Q

Blood pressure measurements:
Systolic pressure ranging from 120-129 mmHg and a diastolic pressure ranging from 80-89 mmHg

A

Elevated BP

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23
Q

Blood pressure measurements:
Systolic pressure ranging from 130-139 mmHg or a diastolic pressure ranging from 80-89 mmHg

A

Stage 1 hypertension

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24
Q

Blood pressure measurements:
Systolic pressure of 140 mmHg or higher or a diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg or higher

A

Stage 2 hypertension

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25
Q

Effects of Ex response

A

BP increases

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26
Q

Effects of Ex response:
Persons who have hypertension

A
  • SBP could be extremely high (sometimes even >/= 250 mmHg)
  • DBP remains constant, sometimes decreases
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27
Q

Effects of Ex response:
Persons who have hypertension
- SBP could be extremely high (sometimes even >/= 250 mmHg)
– Several factors that affect BP, including blood volume, stroke volume, and heart rate
— To meet muscles’ increased oxygen demand, all these factors _

A

increase during exercise
- As a result, SBP rises

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28
Q

Effects of Ex response:
Persons who have hypertension
- DBP remains constant, sometimes decreases
– To create more space for the increased blood flow during exercise, arteries _

A

dilate so DBP remains the same

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29
Q

Effect of Ex training:
Aerobic Ex training _

A

reduces BP

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30
Q

Effect of Ex training:
Aerobic Ex training reduces BP
- _ reduction in resting BP
– Regular physical activity makes your heart stronger
— A stronger heart can pump more blood with less effort
—- If your heart can work less to pump, the force on your arteries decreases, lowering your BP

A

5-10 mmHg

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31
Q

Ex testing:
Consult with doctor and obtain _ prior to physical activity
- Self-guided method & pre-screening (CVD risk factor classification)

A

clearance

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32
Q

Ex testing:
Stop Ex testing when _
- senior fitness test

A

SBP >/= 250 and/or DBP >/= 150 mm Hg

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33
Q

Ex programming:
- Benefits are greater when _

A

lose weight

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34
Q

Ex programming:
- It is advisable to accumulate more than _

A

150 min/week

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35
Q

Ex programming:
- If only hypertension, with no other conditions: follow _
- If combined with other conditions: use _

A
  • healthy individual guideline
  • chronic disease individual guideline
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36
Q

Special considerations for hypertension:
- Meet physician, self-guided methods
- watch out the adverse effects of medicine
- Ex Rx should focus on increasing caloric expenditure and reducing caloric intake
- _ is recommended

A

Moderate physical activity

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37
Q

Chronic conditions associated with physical inactivity:
- “Bad” - “Fatty acid” - “Blood”

A

Dyslipidemia

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38
Q

Chronic conditions associated with physical inactivity:
Hypertension & Dyslipidemia
- Frequently occur_ due to physical inactivity
- CVD risk factors
- 30% US population with _
- Nearly half of adults in US (180 million, or 45%) have _

A
  • together
  • Dyslipidemia
  • hypertension
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39
Q

Chronic conditions associated with physical inactivity:
Abnormal blood lipid and lipoprotein concentration

A

Dyslipidemia

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40
Q

Chronic conditions associated with physical inactivity: Dyslipidemia
Abnormal blood lipid and lipoprotein concentration
- Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol _ or,
- High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol _

A
  • increases
  • decreases
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41
Q

Chronic conditions associated with physical inactivity:
- Major cause of
– CVD
– Heart attacks
– Stroke

A

Dyslipidemia

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42
Q

Dyslipidemia:
Soluble proteins that combine with and transport fat or other lipids in blood

A

lipoprotein

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43
Q
  • In All cells of the body
  • We need it to make hormones, V-D, and substance that helps digest food
  • Your body makes all the cholesterol it needs
A

Cholesterol

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44
Q

Dyslipidemia - Cholesterol:
_ is bad because it becomes part of plaque, the stuff that can clog arteries and make heart attacks and strokes more likely.

A

LDL

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45
Q

Dyslipidemia - Cholesterol:
_ cholesterol is “good” cholesterol
- Think of it as the “healthy” cholesterol, so higher levels are better.
- Experts believe HDL acts as a scavenger, carrying LDL cholesterol away from the arteries and back to the liver, then broken down and out of the body.

A

HDL

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46
Q

Effects of Ex training:
Benefits on blood lipids
- 5%-10% _ in LDL-C

A

decrease

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47
Q

Effects of Ex training:
Benefits on blood lipids
- 5%-10% _ in HDL-C

A

increase

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48
Q

Statistical procedure for combining data from multiple studies, meta-analysis can be used to identify the common effect/finding among studies

A

Meta-analysis

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49
Q

Ex Testing: Dyslipidemia
- Consult with doctor _ to PA
- _ classification
- Not required for asymptomatic patients at light-moderate exercise
- Senior fitness test

A
  • prior
  • Self-guided method & CVD risk factor
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50
Q

Ex programming: Similar for Dyslipidemia and _

A

Hypertension

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51
Q

Ex programming: Dyslipidemia
- If only dys. with no other conditions: _

A

Follow healthy individual guideline

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52
Q

Ex programming: Dyslipidemia
- If combo with other conditions: _

A

Use chronic disease individual guideline

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53
Q

Ex RX for Dyslipidemia without comorbidities is very similar to Ex RX for _

A

healthy adults

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54
Q

Ex RX for Dyslipidemia:
Healthy weight maintenance should be _
- aerobic exercise becomes the foundation

A

emphasized

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55
Q

Ex RX for Dyslipidemia:
Aerobic
- Frequency

A

> /= 5 days/week to maximize caloric expenditure

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56
Q

Ex RX for Dyslipidemia:
Resistance
- Frequency

A

2-3 days/week

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57
Q

Ex RX for Dyslipidemia:
Flexibility
- Frequency

A

> /= 2-3 days/week

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58
Q

Ex RX for Dyslipidemia:
Flexibility
- Intensity

A

stretch to the point of tightness or slight discomfort

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59
Q

Ex RX for Dyslipidemia:
Resistance
- Intensity

A

Moderate (50-69% of 1-RM) to vigorous (70%-85% of 1-RM) to improve strength
- <50% 1-RM to improve muscle endurance

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60
Q

Ex RX for Dyslipidemia:
Aerobic
- Intensity

A

40-75% VO2r or HRr

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61
Q

Ex RX for Dyslipidemia:
Aerobic
- Time

A

30-60 min/day to promote or maintain weight loss, 50-60 min/day or more of daily exercise is recommended

62
Q

Ex RX for Dyslipidemia:
Aerobic
- Type

A

Prolonged, rhythmic activities using large muscle groups (Ex: walking, cycling, swimming)

63
Q

Ex RX for Dyslipidemia:
Resistance
- Time

A
  • 2-4 sets, 8-12 repetitions for strength
  • </= 2 sets, 12-20 repetitions for muscular endurance
64
Q

Ex RX for Dyslipidemia:
Resistance
- Type

A

Resistance machines, free weights, and/or body weight

65
Q

Ex RX for Dyslipidemia:
Flexibility
- Time

A

Hold static stretch for 10-30 seconds
- 2-3 repetitions of each exercise

66
Q

Ex RX for Dyslipidemia:
Flexibility
- Type

A

static, dynamic, and/or PNF stretching

67
Q

Special considerations for dyslipidemia: FITT
- dyslipidemia present with other conditions
- _ aerobic exercise of at least _ in duration to accumulate the duration recommendations

A
  • intermittent
  • 10 minutes
68
Q

_ leads to CVD risk factors, diabetes, cancers, musculoskeletal problems

A

Overweight & obesity

69
Q

Overweight & obesity:
In the US:
- _ of adults are overweight or obese, with 34% obese

70
Q

Overweight & obesity:
In the US:
- _ children and adolescents are overweight or obese, with 18.5% obese
– 13.9% of 2-5 yr
– 18.6% of 6-11 yr
– 20.5% of 12-19 yr

71
Q

Overweight & obesity:
In the US:
- Approx. 10% of total _

A

health care cost

72
Q

Overweight & obesity:
BMI = Below 18.5
weight status = _
Percentile = less than the 5th

A

Underweight

73
Q

Overweight & obesity:
BMI = 18.5 - 24.9
weight status = _
Percentile = 5th - less than 85th

74
Q

Overweight & obesity:
BMI = 25.0-29.9
weight status = _
Percentile = 85th - less than 95th

A

Overweight

75
Q

Overweight & obesity:
BMI = 30.0-34.9
weight status = _
Percentile = Equal to or greater than the 95th

A

Obese (class I)

76
Q

Overweight & obesity:
BMI = 35.0-39.9
weight status = _
Percentile = Equal to or greater than the 95th

A

Obese (class II)

77
Q

Overweight & obesity:
BMI = 40.0 and higher
weight status = _
Percentile = Equal to or greater than the 95th

A

Extreme obesity (class III)

78
Q

Weight gain is a complicated process determined by _

A

Causes & Risk factors

79
Q

Weight gain is a complicated process determined by Causes & Risk factors:

A
  • Activity
  • Diet
  • Gene
  • Social, economical issues
  • Other factors
80
Q

Weight gain is a complicated process determined by Causes & Risk factors:
- Obesity occurs when take in more calories than burn. Body stores these excess calories as fat

81
Q

The foundation for weight loss is based on physical activity and diet
- Dietary guidelines for Americans recommend cutting calories by _

A

500-700 calories per day to lose 1-1.5 pounds per week

82
Q

Weight gain is a complicated process determined by Causes & Risk factors:
- Lots of Americans’ diets are too high in calories, from fast food and high-calorie beverages.
- People with obesity might eat more calories before feeling full, feel hungry sooner, or eat more due to stress or anxiety

83
Q

Weight gain is a complicated process determined by Causes & Risk factors:
- May affect the amount and location of body fat
- May affect “food to energy” conversion, appetite, and calories burning during Ex
- Obesity tends to run in families, not just because of the genes they share, also tend to share similar eating and activity hab

84
Q

Overweight & Obesity: Medical problem
- Rare
- Too much cortisol produced by adrenal glands
- Cortisol helps body respond to stress, it is produced when you are facing a stressful event. For example……
– Once cortisol released, it raises blood glucose
– Body regulates blood glucose using insulin
– Insulin solves the high glucose issue by distributing glucose to fat cells
– Fat cells gets bigger and more in number
– Then……Obesity

A

Cushing syndrome

85
Q

Ex testing - Overweight & Obesity:
- often _ prior to Light Ex
- Self-guided method, Pre-screening, & CVD risk factor classification.
- Senior fitness test

A

not necessary

86
Q

Ex Programming - Overweight & Obesity:
- Obesity alone
– Follow _
– Goal: _

A
  • healthy individual guideline
  • > 250 min/w MVPA; 5-7 d/w
87
Q

Ex Programming - Overweight & Obesity:
- Obesity with other conditions:
– Use _
– Goal: _

A
  • chronic disease individual guideline
  • LMPA; 5-7 d/w
    Multiple bouts as option (10min duration)
88
Q

FITT recommendations for individuals with Overweight & Obesity:
Aerobic
- Frequency = _

A

> /= 5 days/week

89
Q

FITT recommendations for individuals with Overweight & Obesity:
Aerobic
- Intensity = _

A

Initial should be moderate (40-59% HRr)
- progress to vigorous (>/= 60% HRr) for greater health benefits

90
Q

FITT recommendations for individuals with Overweight & Obesity:
Aerobic
- Time = _

A

30 min/day (150 min/week)
- increase to 60 min/day or more (250-300 min/week)

90
Q

FITT recommendations for individuals with Overweight & Obesity:
Aerobic
- Type = _

A

prolonged, rhythmic activities using large muscle groups (Ex: walking, cycling, swimming)

91
Q

FITT recommendations for individuals with Overweight & Obesity:
Resistance
- Frequency = _

A

2-3 day/week

92
Q

FITT recommendations for individuals with Overweight & Obesity:
Resistance
- Intensity = _

A

60-70% of 1-RM
- Gradually increase to enhance strength and muscle mass

93
Q

FITT recommendations for individuals with Overweight & Obesity:
Resistance
- Time = _

A

2-4 sets of 8-12 repetitions for each of the major muscle groups

94
Q

FITT recommendations for individuals with Overweight & Obesity:
Resistance
- Type = _

A

Resistance machines and/or free weights

95
Q

FITT recommendations for individuals with Overweight & Obesity:
Flexibility
- Frequency = _

A

> /= 2-3 day/week

96
Q

FITT recommendations for individuals with Overweight & Obesity:
Flexibility
- Intensity = _

A

stretch to the point of feeling tightness or slight discomfort

97
Q

FITT recommendations for individuals with Overweight & Obesity:
Flexibility
- Time = _

A

Hold static stretch for 10-20 seconds
- 2-4 repetitions of each exercise

98
Q

Exercise training considerations for individuals with Overweight & Obesity:
Flexibility
- Type = _

A

Static, dynamic, and/or PNF

99
Q

Exercise training considerations for individuals with Overweight & Obesity:
- initially progress to at least _

A

30 min/ day

100
Q

Exercise training considerations for individuals with Overweight & Obesity:
- promote long-term weight loss maintenance, progress to at least _ of moderate to vigorous exercise _
- Multiple daily bouts of 10 min in duration

A
  • 250 min/week
  • 5-7 day/week
101
Q

Special considerations for individuals with Overweight & Obesity:
- Target a minimum reduction in at least _
– A reduction of 500-1000 calories/d to achieve 1-2 Ib/w
- Incorporate into daily life

A

3-10% weight over 3-6 mo.

102
Q

Chronic conditions associated with physical inactivity:
- “water/urine pass thru”
- “sweetened/sugar”

A

Diabetes Mellitus

103
Q

Diabetes Mellitus is the _ leading cause of death in the US

104
Q

Diabetes is the _ cause of kidney failure, lower-limb amputations, and adult-onset blindness

105
Q

In the last 20 years, the number of adults diagnosed with diabetes has more than _ as the American population has aged and become more overweight or obese

106
Q

A group of metabolic diseases that affect how the body uses blood sugar (glucose)

107
Q

Diabetes Mellitus:
No matter what type, it means _, although the causes may differ

A

elevated blood glucose concentrations

108
Q

Diabetes Mellitus:
- A type of sugar: source of energy for the cells that make up muscles and tissues
- Also brain’s main source of fuel
- Absorbed into the blood, where it enters cells with the help of insulin
- Comes from two major sources: food and liver

109
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Causes

A
  • Body can’t make enough insulin, or
  • Body does not produce insulin, or
  • Body can’t use it’s own insulin (resistant)
110
Q
  • A hormone produced by the pancreas
  • Helps unlock the body’s cells so that sugar (glucose) from the food can enter and be used by the cells for energy. Without insulin, cells can not absorb sugar; muscles lose energy & brain loses fuel
  • Helps control glucose levels by signaling the liver, muscle, and fat cells to take in glucose form the blood
111
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Causes:
2 criteria

A
  1. Fasting glucose
  2. two-hour glucose
112
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Causes: Criteria
- _ glucose > 125 mg/dL

113
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Causes: Criteria
- _ glucose > 200 mg/dL

A

Two-hour glucose

114
Q

Diabetes Mellitus:
Adult onset

A

Type 2 Diabetes

115
Q

Diabetes Mellitus:
Juvenile onset

A

Type 1 Diabetes

116
Q

Diabetes Mellitus:
- Body does not use insulin properly: cells become resistant to insulin and causes sugar to remain in the blood

A

Type 2 Diabetes

117
Q

Diabetes Mellitus:
- Obesity adds pressure on using insulin
– The more fatty tissue, the more resistant cells become to insulin
– The less active, the greater risk
– Physical activity helps to control weight, uses up glucose as energy, improve glucose tolerance, and makes cells more sensitive to insulin

A

Type 2 Diabetes

118
Q

Diabetes Mellitus:
- Most common type: >/= 90% cases
- Exact cause is unknown

A

Type 2 Diabetes

119
Q

Diabetes Mellitus:
- No/not enough insulin produced causes sugar remains in blood: immune system mistakenly destroys insulin-producing (islet) cells in pancreas

A

Type 1 Diabetes

120
Q

Diabetes Mellitus:
- Must take insulin everyday

A

Type 1 Diabetes

121
Q

Diabetes Mellitus:
- Mostly among children and adolescents
- No cure
- Exact cause is unknown

A

Type 1 Diabetes

122
Q

Diabetes Mellitus:
- Symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, hunger, fatigue, and blurred vision in some cases, there may be no symptoms
- Treatable
- Treatments include diet, exercise, medication, and insulin therapy

A

Type 2 Diabetes

123
Q

Diabetes Mellitus:
- Symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, hunger, fatigue, and blurred vision
- Can’t be cured but treatment may help
- Treatment aims at maintaining normal blood sugar levels through regular monitoring, insulin therapy, diet, and exercise

A

Type 1 Diabetes

124
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Risks/Diseases:
- Dramatically increases the risk of various _, including coronary artery disease, heart attack, stroke and narrowing of arteries (atherosclerosis)

A

cardiovascular problems
(cardiovascular disease)

125
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Risks/Diseases:
- Excess sugar injures the walls of tiny blood vessels that nourish nerves, especially in lower body
- It causes tingling, numbness, burning or pain that usually begins at the tips of the toes or fingers and gradually spreads upward
- Left untreated, could lose all sense of feeling in the affected limbs

A

Nerve damage

126
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Risks/Diseases:
- The _ contain millions of tiny blood vessel clusters that filter waste
- Diabetes damage filtering system

A

kidneys
(Kidney damage)

127
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Risks/Diseases:
- Diabetes damage the blood vessels of the retina, potentially leading to blindness
- A layer at the back of the eyeball containing cells that are sensitive to light and that trigger nerve impulses that pass via the optic nerve to the brain, where a visual image is formed

A

Eye damage

128
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Risks/Diseases:
- Lead to more susceptible to skin problems, including bacterial infections

A

Skin conditions

129
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Risks/Diseases:
- The poorer the blood sugar control, the greater the risk of _
- Although there are theories as to how these disorders might be connected, none has yet been proved

A

Alzheimer’s disease

130
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Ex testing

A
  • self-guided method, Pre-screening & CVD risk factor
  • Senior fitness test; 6-min walk
131
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Ex testing:
- Ex testing is not necessary for _

A

light physical activity

132
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Ex testing:
- When doing _, medical supervision is necessary

A

moderate-vigorous physical activity

133
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Ex Programming:
- Follow _

A

healthy individual guideline

134
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Ex Programming:
- Start with _, gradually increase to _
- Could try VPA

A
  • light physical activity
  • 150-200 min/week of moderate physical activity
135
Q

Diabetes Mellitus Ex Programming:
- Maximizing aerobic Ex with goal _

A

≥ 250 min/week of moderate physical activity

136
Q

Exercise training considerations for individuals with Diabetes Mellitus:
Aerobic
- Frequency

A

3-7 days/week

137
Q

Exercise training considerations for individuals with Diabetes Mellitus:
Aerobic
- Intensity

A

moderate to vigorous

138
Q

Exercise training considerations for individuals with Diabetes Mellitus:
Aerobic
- Time
– Type 1

A

150 min/week at moderate intensity or 75 min/week at vigorous intensity or combination

139
Q

Exercise training considerations for individuals with Diabetes Mellitus:
Aerobic
- Time
– Type 2

A

150 min/week at moderate-vigorous intensity

140
Q

Exercise training considerations for individuals with Diabetes Mellitus:
Aerobic
- Type

A

Prolonged, rhythmic activities using large muscle groups (Ex: walking, cycling, swimming)

141
Q

Exercise training considerations for individuals with Diabetes Mellitus:
Resistance
- Frequency

A

A minimum of 2 nonconsecutive days/week but preferably 3

142
Q

Exercise training considerations for individuals with Diabetes Mellitus:
Resistance
- Intensity

A

Moderate to vigorous

143
Q

Exercise training considerations for individuals with Diabetes Mellitus:
Resistance
- Time

A

At least 8-10 exercises with 1-3 sets of 10-15 repetitions to near fatigue per set early in training
- Gradually progress to heavier weight using 1-3 sets of 8-10 repetitions

144
Q

Exercise training considerations for individuals with Diabetes Mellitus:
Resistance
- Type

A

Resistance machines and free weights

145
Q

Exercise training considerations for individuals with Diabetes Mellitus:
Flexibility
- Frequency

A

> /= 2-3 day/week

146
Q

Exercise training considerations for individuals with Diabetes Mellitus:
Flexibility
- Intensity

A

Stretch to the point of tightness or slight discomfort

147
Q

Exercise training considerations for individuals with Diabetes Mellitus:
Flexibility
- Time

A

Hold static stretch for 10-30 seconds; 2-4 repetitions of each exercise

148
Q

Exercise training considerations for individuals with Diabetes Mellitus:
Flexibility
- Type

A

Static, dynamic and/or PNF

149
Q

Special consideration Diabetes Mellitus:
_ is a main concern for individuals who exercise
- Change insulin timing, reducing dose
- Work with partner

A

Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)

150
Q

Special consideration Diabetes Mellitus:
Monitor blood glucose _, especially during the beginning period of the Ex program

A

before and after exercise

151
Q

Special consideration Diabetes Mellitus:
Apply _ special considerations

A

overweight and obesity

Ex Rx for Individuals with Chronic Disease (9 decks)

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