Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ex Rx for Individuals with Chronic Disease > Lectures 21-23 > Flashcards

Lectures 21-23 Flashcards

1
Q

Stroke (Cerebrovascular disease)
- Cerebro = _

A

relating to the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Stroke (Cerebrovascular disease)
- vascular = _

A

Relating to the vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Brain functions

A
  • controls movements
  • stores memories
  • source of thoughts, emotions & language
  • many other functions: perception, breathing & digestion, etc.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

To work properly brain needs _

A

oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Although brain makes up only 2% of body weight, it uses almost _ % of the oxygen

A

18.5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Brain is No. _ major single-organ that consumes the most oxygen

A

2 (Liver, brain, heart)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Brain cells are very _ to decrease in oxygen & don’t survive or function well long without it

A

sensitive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Because brain cells will _ if the supply of blood which carries oxygen is stopped, the brain has _ for the blood
- Even if other organs need blood, the body attempts to supply the brain with a constant flow of blood
- The blood brings many materials necessary for the brain to function properly

A
  • die
  • top priority
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Stroke Pathophysiology:
87% of all cases
- Blood flow is interrupted/reduced, cells die within minutes without oxygen

A

Blockage (ischemic stroke)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Stroke Pathophysiology:
Every cell needs oxygen to function
- Cells use oxygen to break down sugar to get energy from the food
– This process is called _

A

cellular respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Stroke Pathophysiology:
The brain can survive for up to _ minutes after the heart stops
- This is why CPR should be started within _ minutes of cardiac arrest
– After _ minutes without CRP however, the brain begins to die

A

6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Stroke Pathophysiology:
Occurs when a blood clot blocks or plugs an artery leading to the brain
- A blood clot often forms in arteries damaged by the build-up of plaques (atherosclerosis)
- It can occur in the carotid artery of the neck as well as other arteries

A

Ischemic stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Stroke Pathophysiology:
Sudden brain bleeding puts too much pressure on cells which damages and kills them

A

Burst (hemorrhagic stroke)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Stroke Pathophysiology:
Hemorrhage/blood leaks into brain tissue

A

Hemorrhagic stroke (Burst)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Stroke Pathophysiology:
Risk factors

A
  • High blood pressure
  • Atherosclerosis
  • Genetics & family history
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Stroke Pathophysiology:
medical emergency —> _ & _

A

disability & death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Stroke Pathophysiology:
Build up of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on the artery walls; narrowing of blood vessels and build-up of plaque on artery walls

A

Atherosclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Stroke Pathophysiology:
Can’t be cured, but is _

A

preventable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Stroke in the US:
_ leading cause of death

A

5th

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Stroke in the US:
Killing >/= 140,000 Americans/year: 1 of every _ deaths

A

20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Stroke in the US:
Someone has stroke every _, someone dies of stroke every _

A
  • 40 sec
  • 4 minutes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Stroke in the US:
Every year, about _ Americans have a stoke
- About 610,000 of these are first or new strokes
- About 185,000 are recurrent strokes

A

800,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Stroke in the US:
Costs about _ annually

A

$34 Billion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Stroke Consequences:
Symptoms of stroke include _

A

trouble walking, speaking, and understanding, as well as paralysis or numbness of the face, arm, or leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Stroke Consequences:
_ disabilities
- Depending on how long the brain lacks blood flow & which part was affected
- Paralysis
- Loss of muscle movement
- Balance problems

A

Temporary or permanent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Stroke Consequences:
Difficulty _ & _

A

talking & swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Stroke Consequences:
_ loss & _ difficulties

A

Memory loss & thinking difficulties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Stroke Consequences:
Emotions problems & _

A

depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Stroke Consequences:
_ & numbness

A

pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Stroke Consequences:
_ changes & _ ability

A

behavior changes & self-care ability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Stroke ages affected

A
  • Some 0-2
  • Some 19-40
  • More 41-60
  • Most 60+
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Effects of stroke on Ex Response:
Lose approximately _% of aerobic capicity

A

50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Effects of stroke on Ex Response:
Overall _ reduced

A

physical fitness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Effects of stroke on Ex Response:
_ diability

A

Neurological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Effects of stroke on Ex Response:
Energy costs _

A

doubled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Effects of stroke on Ex Response:
Physical activity can be sustained for a _

A

short period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Effects of stroke on Ex Response:
Most stoke survivors are unable to _

A

independently perform ADLs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Stroke - Ex Testing:
Stroke survivors
- oxygen uptake is _
- Incompetence & early-onset fatigue are common

A

lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Stroke - Ex Testing:
_ method, pre-screening algorithm & CVD risk factor

A

self-guided

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Stroke - Ex Testing:
Senior fitness test, FITNESSGRAM
- _ setting recommended for most stroke survivors

A

Lab setting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Stroke - Ex Testing:
Use _ walk when the condition is mild

A

6-minute (consider 3 mins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Stroke - Ex Testing:
_ intensity during testing

A

Low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Stroke - Ex Programming:
For people with stroke, follow the _ guideline

A

chronic disease guideline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Stroke - Ex Programming:
For people with stroke, follow the chronic disease guideline
- Be _, start with _ & _

A
  • Conservative
  • low intensity & shorter time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Stroke - Ex Programming:
Include _

A

aerobic, muscular, flexibility & neuromotor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Stroke - Ex Programming:
Physical & occupational therapy are typically utilized for up to 3-6 months following a stroke to improve/restore _

A

functional mobility, balance, and return to ADL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Stroke - Ex Rx:
Patients may have _ such as other CVDs, arthritis, and metabolic disorders
- All _ should be considered when prescribing Ex

A

comorbidities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Stroke - Ex Rx:
Main objective is to _

A

restore a patient’s ability to return to ADL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

FITT for Stroke Survivors:
Aerobic
- Frequency

A

3-5 days/week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

FITT for Stroke Survivors:
Aerobic
- Intensity
– If HR data are available from a recent GXT, use _, in the absence of a GXT or if atrial fibrillation is present, use _

A
  • 40-70% of HRr
  • RPE of 11-14 on a 6-20 scale
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

FITT for Stroke Survivors:
Aerobic
- Time

A

progressively increase to 20 to 60 min/day
- Consider multiple 10 minute sessions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

FITT for Stroke Survivors:
Aerobic
- Type

A

Cycle ergometry & semirecumbent seated steppers
- may need modification based on functional & cognitive difficulties
- Treadmill walking can be considered if patient has sufficient balance & ambulation with very minimal or no assist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

FITT for Stroke Survivors:
Resistance
- Frequency

A

2 nonconsecutive days/week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

FITT for Stroke Survivors:
Resistance
- Intensity

A

50-70% of 1RM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

FITT for Stroke Survivors:
Resistance
- Time

A

1-3 sets of 8-15 repetitions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

FITT for Stroke Survivors:
Resistance
- Type

A

use equipment & exercises that improve safety in those with deficits (ex: strength, endurance, movement, balance)
- Machine vs free weights
- Bar vs. hand-held weights
- Seated vs standing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

FITT for Stroke Survivors:
Flexibility
- Frequency

A

> /= 2 days/week with daily being most effective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

FITT for Stroke Survivors:
Flexibility
- Intensity

A

Stretch to the point of feeling tightness or slight discomfort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

FITT for Stroke Survivors:
Flexibility
- Time

A

10-20 sec hold for static stretching
- 2-4 reps of each exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

FITT for Stroke Survivors:
Flexibility
- Type

A

Static, dynamic, and/or PNF stretching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

FITT for Stroke Survivors:
Neuromotor
- Frequency

A

2-3 days/week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

FITT for Stroke Survivors:
Neuromotor
- Intensity

A

An effective intensity has not been determined

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

FITT for Stroke Survivors:
Neuromotor
- Time

A

> /= 20-30 min/day may be needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

FITT for Stroke Survivors:
Neuromotor
- Type

A

Exercise involving motor skills (ex: balance, agility, coordination, gait), proprioception exercise training, and multifaceted activities (ex: Tai Chi, yoga) are recommended for older individuals to improve & maintain physical function & reduce falls in those at risk for falling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Spinal cord:
- Normally 32-34 pieces
- Upper 24 pieces are _
- Lower 8-10 pieces are _

A
  • separated by discs
  • fused
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Spinal cord function:
Brain and spinal cord together make up the _

A

central nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Spinal cord function:
Transmit neural signals between the brain and the rest of the body

A

Motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Spinal cord function:
Works as a conduit for sensory information travels up to brain, and finally as a center for coordinating certain reflexes

A

Sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Spinal Cord Injury (SCI):
Damage to any part of the spinal cord, often causes _ changes in strength, sensation and other body functions below the site of the injury

A

permanent

70
Q

Spinal Cord Injury (SCI):
Depending on the location and severity
- All feeling and all ability to control movement are lost below the injury site

A

Complete

71
Q

Spinal Cord Injury (SCI):
Depending on the location and severity
- Still have motor or sensory function below the affected area, since nervous signals are still able to travel thru the injured area of the cord.
- There are varying degrees.

A

Incomplete

72
Q

Spinal Cord Injury (SCI):
_ be cured

A

Can’t

73
Q

Approx. 60% SCI patients have an _ injury

A

incomplete

74
Q

80% of those with an SCI are _

A

male

75
Q

Approx. half of those with SCI have a _

A

C lesion

76
Q

Results of Spinal Cord Injuries:
- Paralysis in arms, hands, torso, and legs. Patient may need help breathing

A

C1-C4

77
Q

Results of Spinal Cord Injuries:
- Patient can raise arms and bend elbows. Likely to have some or total paralysis of wrists, hands, torso, and legs.

A

C5

78
Q

Results of Spinal Cord Injuries:
- Typically paralysis in hands, torso, and legs. Can often bend wrists.
- Little control of bowl or bladder, but may be able to manage with special equipment.

A

C6

79
Q

Results of Spinal Cord Injuries:
- Most can straighten arms and have normal movement of shoulders.
- Little control of bowl or bladder, but may be able to manage with special equipment.

A

C7

80
Q

Results of Spinal Cord Injuries:
- Should be able to grasp and release objects.
- Little control of bowl or bladder, but may be able to manage with special equipment.

A

C8

81
Q

Results of Spinal Cord Injuries:
- Corresponding nerve affects muscles, upper chest, mid-back, and abdominal muscles.
- Arm and hand function is usually normal.

A

T1-T5

82
Q

Results of Spinal Cord Injuries:
- Normal upper-body movement.
- Little control of bowel or bladder, but may be able to manage with special equipment.

A

T6-T12

83
Q

Results of Spinal Cord Injuries:
- Some loss of function in the hips and legs.
- Little control of bowel or bladder, but may be able to manage with special equipment.

A

L1-L5

84
Q

Results of Spinal Cord Injuries:
- Generally results in some loss of function of the hips and legs.
- Most likely will be able to walk.

A

S1-S5

85
Q

Effects of SCI on Ex Response:
- Lose approx. 50% _

A

aerobic capacity

86
Q

Effects of SCI on Ex Response:
- Overall physical fitness _

A

reduced

87
Q

Effects of SCI on Ex Response:
- _ disability

A

Neurological

88
Q

Effects of SCI on Ex Response:
- Energy costs _

A

doubled

89
Q

Effects of SCI on Ex Response:
- Physical activity can be sustained for _ period

A

VERY short

90
Q

Effects of SCI on Ex Response:
- Most SCI individuals are _ to independently perform many ADL

A

unable

91
Q

Ex Testing for SCI:
- Individuals with SCI have a high risk for the development of _

A

secondary conditions

92
Q

Ex Testing for SCI:
- Consider test _, level and site of SCI, physical fitness level

A

purpose

93
Q

Ex Testing for SCI:
- Functional assessments

A
  • Trunk ROM
  • Wheelchair mobility
  • Transfer ability
  • Upper & lower extremity
94
Q

Ex Testing for SCI:
- Self-guided method, pre-screening, & CVD risk factor
- Senior fitness test
- _ setting recommended

A

Lab

95
Q

FITT for SCI:
Aerobic
- Frequency

A

Minimum of 2 days/week
- Progress to 3 days/week, athletes can increase to 3-5 days/week

96
Q

FITT for SCI:
Aerobic
- Intensity

A

Beginners: Moderate intensity (40-59% HRr)
Athletes: 75-90% HRr

97
Q

FITT for SCI:
Aerobic
- Time

A

Initially, bouts of 5-10 min alternating 5-min active recovery periods
- Gradually increase to at least 20 min per session and decrease or eliminatee rest periods

98
Q

FITT for SCI:
Aerobic
- Type

A

Engage the largest possible muscle mass: Voluntary arm + leg ergometry or combined FES-LCE and voluntary arm ergometry or rowings, recumbent steppings, arm ergometry, wheelchair ergometry/rollers, or wheeling.

99
Q

FITT for SCI:
Resistance
- Frequency

A

Minimum of 2 days/week

100
Q

FITT for SCI:
Resistance
- Intensity

A

Initially, use 20-RM for each exercise

101
Q

FITT for SCI:
Resistance
- Time

A

Initially, 1-2 sets of each exercise per session
- Gradually progress to 3 sets of 9-10 repetitions

102
Q

FITT for SCI:
Resistance
- Type

A

Accessible resistance exercise machines are convenient and safe.
- If unable, use dumbbells, cuff weights, or elastic bands/tubing

103
Q

FITT for SCI:
Flexibility
- Frequency

A

Daily, especially in presence of joint contracture, spasticity, or frequent wheelchair propulsion and manual transfers

104
Q

FITT for SCI:
Flexibility
- Intensity

A

Do not allow stretching discomfort >2 on the 0-10 pain scale

105
Q

FITT for SCI:
Flexibility
- Time

A

Stretch each muscle group repeatedly for 2-4 min/day, preferably after warm-up or following training/competition

106
Q

FITT for SCI:
Flexibility
- Type

A

Active stretching is prefered, but if this is not possible, low intensity passive stretching may be used by the individual or assistance

107
Q

Ex Rx for SCI:
The goals of exercise training include the prevention of _; improved _ (ex: weight management, glucose homeostasis, lower CVD risk); and improved _ for functional independence (Wheelchair mobility, transfers, ADL), for prevention of falls and sports injuries, and for improved performance (safety and success in adaptive and recreational activities).

A
  • deconditioning
  • wellness
  • muscular strength, muscular endurance, and flexibility
108
Q

Ex Rx for SCI:
Currently, there are _ published consensus recommendations for developing and Ex Rx for the SCI population.

A

no

109
Q

Ex Programming for SCI:
- Review with _ prior to engaging in a new Ex program

A

physician

110
Q

Ex Programming for SCI:
- For people with SCI, follow the _

A

chronic disease guideline

111
Q

Ex Programming for SCI:
For people with SCI, follow the chronic disease guideline
- Be conservative, start with _ & _

A

low intensity & shorter time

112
Q

Ex Programming for SCI:
- begin early _ and Ex training

A

mobilization

113
Q

Ex Programming for SCI:
FITT includes _

A

Aerobic, muscular, flexibility, and neuromotor

114
Q

Special Considerations for SCI:
- Empty _ before Ex

A

bladder or urinary bag

115
Q

Special Considerations for SCI:
- Aerobic: 5-10 min _ bout with 5 min rest advances to 10-20 MVPA bout with 5 min rest. Wheelchair ergometer training.

A

LMPA

116
Q

Special Considerations for SCI:
- _ Ex from seated position in wheelchair should be complemented with non-wheelchair Ex bouts

A

Muscular strength

117
Q

Special Considerations for SCI:
- _ from wheelchairs to Ex equipment should be limited

A

Transfers

118
Q

Special Considerations for SCI:
- Lower body Ex should not be _

A

ignored

119
Q

Parkinson’s disease is a condition that has been known about since ancient times
- It is referred to in the ancient Indian medical system
- However it was not until 1817 that a detailed medical essay was published on the subject by London doctor _

A

James Parkinson

120
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Pathophysiology:
- Loss/death of nerve cells in _

A

substantia nigra

121
Q

A disorder of the central nervous system that affects movement, often including tremors

A

Parkinson’s Disease

122
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Pathophysiology:
- Decreased _, causes abnormal brain activity, leading to symptoms of PD

A

dopamine

123
Q

A brain chemical involved movement, motivation, reward, and addiction
- It is released during pleasurable situations and stimulates one to seek out the pleasurable activity or occupation: food, sex, addiction
- Affects movement and cognition: A part of the brain called the basal ganglia regulates motor movement & cognition, emotion, etc. Basal ganglia in turn depend on a certain amount to function at peak efficiency

A

Dopamine

124
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Pathophysiology:
- Tremor, stiffness (rigid), loss of _

A

balance

125
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Pathophysiology:
- Risk factors

A
  • Genetic mutations
  • Environmental triggers
  • Age: average onset is 55-yr
  • Gender: men > wom
126
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Pathophysiology:
- Can’t be cured, but _ may help

A

treatment

127
Q

Parkinson’s Disease in the US:
As many as _ million affected

A

1.5 million

128
Q

Parkinson’s Disease in the US:
About _ newly diagnosed each year

A

60,000

129
Q

Parkinson’s Disease in the US:
More than _ deaths each year

A

23,000

130
Q

Parkinson’s Disease ages affected

A

41-60 & 60+

131
Q

The Hoehn & yahr Staging Scale of Parkinson’s Disease:
- Stage 0.0

A

No signs of disease

132
Q

The Hoehn & yahr Staging Scale of Parkinson’s Disease:
- Stage 1.0

A

Unilateral disease

133
Q

The Hoehn & yahr Staging Scale of Parkinson’s Disease:
- Stage 2.0

A

Bilateral disease, without impairment of balance

134
Q

The Hoehn & yahr Staging Scale of Parkinson’s Disease:
- Stage 2.5

A

Mild bilateral disease, with recovery on pull test

135
Q

The Hoehn & yahr Staging Scale of Parkinson’s Disease:
- Stage 3.0

A
  • Mild-to-moderate bilateral disease
  • some postural instability
  • physical independent
136
Q

The Hoehn & yahr Staging Scale of Parkinson’s Disease:
- Stage 4.0

A
  • Severe disability
  • Still able to walk or stand unassisted
137
Q

The Hoehn & yahr Staging Scale of Parkinson’s Disease:
- Stage 5.0

A

Wheelchair bound or bedridden unless aided

138
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Progression of symptoms:
- In the early stages, face may show _

A

little or no expression

139
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Progression of symptoms:
- Then, arms may not _

A

swing when walk

140
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Progression of symptoms:
- Speech may become _

A

soft or slurred

141
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Progression of symptoms:
- Symptoms _ as condition progresses over time

A

worsen

142
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Effects on Ex Response:
Effect on Ex is difficult to characterize
- No two individuals are _

A

alike

143
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Effects on Ex Response:
Effect on Ex is difficult to characterize
- Even the same person can be different from _

A

day to day

144
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Effects on Ex Response:
Effect on Ex is difficult to characterize
- Symptoms fluctuate from _

A

hour to hour

145
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Effects on Ex Response:
In general, overall physical fitness, functioning, movement _

A

reduced

146
Q

Parkinson’s Disease Effects on Ex Response:
Most PD individuals are _ to independently perform many ADL

A

unable

147
Q

Ex Testing for Parkinson’s Disease:
Focus on _ due to the effects from rigidity, gait-balance, tremor
- Pull test
- Tandem stand
- 360o turn
- Functional reach or chair sit and reach
- Reaction time
- Gait speed
- Timed walk (6-min walk)
- Sit to stand

A

functioning

148
Q

Ex Testing for Parkinson’s Disease:
Self-guided method & CVD risk factor classification
- Need _ to complete

A

help from significant others

149
Q

Ex Programming for Parkinson’s Disease:
- Hoehn and Yahr class 1, 2, 2.5 follow _

A

healthy individual guideline

150
Q

Ex Programming for Parkinson’s Disease:
- Hoehn and Yahr class _ follow healthy individual guideline

A

1, 2, 2.5

151
Q

Ex Programming for Parkinson’s Disease:
- Hoehn and Yahr class 3, 4, 5 follow _

A

chronic disease guideline

152
Q

Ex Programming for Parkinson’s Disease:
- Hoehn and Yahr class _ follow chronic disease guideline

A

3, 4, 5

153
Q

Ex Programming for Parkinson’s Disease:
- FITT

A

aerobic, muscular, flexibility and neuromotor

154
Q

Ex Rx for Parkinson’s Disease:
_ programming should be used when prescribing exercise for individuals with PD

A

Individualized

155
Q

Ex Rx for Parkinson’s Disease:
The main goal of exercise is to _

A

delay disability, prevent secondary complications, and improve quality of life as PD progresses

156
Q

Ex Rx for Parkinson’s Disease:
4 key health outcomes are improved _

A
  1. gait
  2. transfers
  3. balance
  4. joint mobility and muscle power to improve functional capacity
157
Q

FITT for Parkinson’s Disease:
Aerobic
- Frequency

A

3 days/week

158
Q

FITT for Parkinson’s Disease:
Aerobic
- Intensity

A

40-<60% VO2r or HRr or RPE of 11-13 on a scale of 6-20

159
Q

FITT for Parkinson’s Disease:
Aerobic
- Time

A

30 min of continuous or accumulated exercise

160
Q

FITT for Parkinson’s Disease:
Aerobic
- Type

A

Aerobic activities such as walking, cycling, swimming, or dancing
- A stationary bicycle, recumbent bicycle, or arm ergometer are safer modes for individuals with more advanced PD

161
Q

FITT for Parkinson’s Disease:
Resistance
- Frequency

A

2-3 days/week

162
Q

FITT for Parkinson’s Disease:
Resistance
- Intensity

A

40-50% of 1 RM for individuals with PD beginning to improve strength
- 60-70% 1 RM for more advanced exercisers

163
Q

FITT for Parkinson’s Disease:
Resistance
- Time

A

> /= 1 set of 8-12 repetitions
- 10-15 repetitions in adults with PD starting an exercise program

164
Q

FITT for Parkinson’s Disease:
Resistance
- Type

A

Emphasizes extensor muscles of the trunk and hip to prevent faulty posture, and all major muscles of lower extremities to maintain mobility

165
Q

FITT for Parkinson’s Disease:
Flexibility
- Frequency

A

1-7 days/week

166
Q

FITT for Parkinson’s Disease:
Flexibility
- Intensity

A

Full extension, flexion, rotation, or stretch to the point of slight discomfort

167
Q

FITT for Parkinson’s Disease:
Flexibility
- Time

A

Perform flexibility exercises for each major muscle-tendon unit
- Hold stretches for 10-30 seconds

168
Q

FITT for Parkinson’s Disease:
Flexibility
- Type

A

Slow static stretches for all major muscle groups should be performed

169
Q

FITT for Parkinson’s Disease:
Neuromotor
- _ training during functional activities should be included

A

Static, dynamic, and balance

170
Q

FITT for Parkinson’s Disease:
Neuromotor
- _ are other forms of exercise to improve balance in PD

A

Tai chi, tango, and waltz

Ex Rx for Individuals with Chronic Disease (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions