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LDRR > Quiz #3 > Flashcards

Quiz #3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of blood pressure?

A

the force the blood exerts on the walls of the arteries as it is pumped throughout the body

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2
Q

What are the units of measurements for BP?

A

Millimeters of mercury (mm HG)

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3
Q

What is blood pressure regulated by?

A

Kidneys

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4
Q

What is a high BP called?

A

hypertension (HTN)

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5
Q

What is hypertension?

A

High blood pressure

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6
Q

What is a normal BP called?

A

normotension

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7
Q

HTN is a major risk factor for?

A

CVD (CAD, CVA, PAD, atrial fibrillation, aortic aneurysm), kidney failure/end-stage renal disease, retinal disease/retinopathy, and impotence

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8
Q

What is a normal systolic/diastolic blood pressure value?

A

120mm HG /80 mm

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9
Q

True or False: Essential or Primary hypertension has no specific cause or underlying medical condition

A

True

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10
Q

How many cases of HTN are essential/primary that has no specific cause or underlying medical condition?

A

95% of all cases

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11
Q

True or false: Does Secondary HTN have a specific cause?

A

Yes. For example- chronic kidney disease, sleep apnea, medication side effects etc.

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12
Q

What is the prevalence rate of HTN in adults?

A

50% of all adults

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13
Q

What is the prevalence of elevated HTN in adults?

A

25% of all adults

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14
Q

What is the prevalence of normal HTN in adults?

A

25% of all adults

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15
Q

Prevalence increases or decreases with age?

A

increases

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16
Q

In what race group is the prevalence of HTN significantly higher?

A

African Americans

17
Q

What percentage of people are aware of their HTN condition?

A

83%

18
Q

What percentage of US adults with HTN are using antihypertensive medication?

A

the percentage of US adults with HTN are using antihypertensive medication is 79%

19
Q

What percentage of the adult US population has their HTN condition controlled?

A

the percentage of the adult US population has their HTN condition controlled is 26%

20
Q

What are the risk factors of HTN?

A

Age, family history, race, DM, obesity, excessive alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, stress, oral contraceptive use, dietary factors

21
Q

What are the dietary factors that increase HTN?

A

High sodium, low potassium, calcium and magnesium

22
Q

What is the average amount of salt consumed per day?

A

3,393 mg per day, with a range of 2,000 to 5,000

23
Q

Where is most sodium consumed in the American Diet?

A

From salt added during commercial food processing and preparation including foods prepared at restaurants

24
Q

What are treatment options for hypertension/high blood pressure?

A

Increase physical activity, decrease weight, relaxation/stress management, stop smoking, moderation of alcohol, dietary factors

25
Q

How many drinks should men and women drink

A

Males should consume 2 or less drinks per day, and females should consume 1 or less drink per day

26
Q

What is the DASH diet?

A

Dietary approaches to stop hypertension

27
Q

What does the dash diet include?

A

Rich in fruits, vegetables and low fat dairy products, low in total fat and cholesterol, high in fiber, K, Ca, and Mg

28
Q

What are the four types of blood pressure lowering medications?

A

Diuretics, B-blockers, calcium channel blockers and ace inhibitors

29
Q

What do diuretics do in terms of lowering blood pressure?

A

increase excretion of Na through urination

30
Q

What is the recommended amount of potassium per day?

A

More than 4,000 grams

31
Q

What is considered to be a elevated blood pressure?

A

120-129 AND less than 80

32
Q

What is considered to be a stage one hypertensive blood pressure?

A

130-139 OR 80-89

33
Q

What is considered to be stage 2 hypertensive blood pressure?

A

More than or equal to 140 OR more than or equal to 90

34
Q

What is often called “the silent killer”?

A

HTN (hypertension)

LDRR (7 decks)

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