Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Small Animal Med > Quiz 3 > Flashcards

Quiz 3 Flashcards

1
Q

FVRCP-C

A

Feline viral rhinotrachetis (herpes)
Calci
Panleukopenia
Chlamydia
8-10 weeks
booster at 12-14 weeks
booster yearly after

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Feline Leukemia test

A

8-10 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Feline leukemia vaccine

A

annoculation
8-10 weeks
booster at 12-14 weeks
booster yearly after

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

rabies

A

first inoculation repeat in a year, after that good for three years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

fecal as needed

A

stool check for intestinal parasites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

spay/neuter

A

when over 3 months of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

FIP vaccine

A

feline infectious peritonitis
endemic areas or catteries
modified live vaccine intranasal, may not be good vaccine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

FIV vaccine

A

feline immunodeficency virus
boostered yearly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

program

A

flea control
doesn’t kill adults
prevents eggs from hatching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CAPSTAR

A

kills fleas in 30 min
tablet with no pesticide residue
once daily as needed
compatible with program
safe for environment and pets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Adv Multi

A

heartworm
fleas
earmites
worms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

FIP etiology

A

coronavirus
FIPV (inside lining of abdominal cavity & chest)
Peritonitis is just one form, vasculitis is key

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

FIP clinical signs

A

acute form asymptomatic
insidious onset of vague, nonspecific signs such as anorexia, depression, weight loss, fluctuating pyrexia, anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Wet/ effusive form

A

classical FIP
looks like water filled belly
vasculitis of peritoneal and pleural membranes
peritoneal effusion caused by ascites
pleural effusion
pathology:
characteristic pyogranulomatous exudate
gray-white fibrin plaques on serosal surfaces
diffuse, granular fibrin thickening over all mesothelial surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

dry/parenchymal form

A

atypical form, difficult to diagnose
about 50% dry form
effusion minimal of absent
gray-white nodular pyogranulomatous masses or inflammation with focal necrosis may affect any one or combination of organs (specific organ affected dictate clinical signs)
kidney,liver,CNS, eye, abdominal lymph nodes, or spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

FIP

A

contagious viral infection
usually from 6months-2 years
characterized from insidious onset, persistent non-responsive fever, possible fluid accumulation in body cavities, mortality approaches 100%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

clinical situation in which FIP is considered

A

ascites-abdominal fluid distension
dyspnea due to pleural effusion
lumpy enlarged kidneys
mesenteric lymphadenopathy-disease of lymph node in chest cavity
neurological signs
ocular lesions
radiographs- interstitial lung disease with chronic fever, looks like patchy fog
icterus
chronic, fluctuating non-responsive pyrexia
non-regenerative anemia (unexplained)
vomiting, diarrhea, liver or kidney insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

FIP pathology

A

histologic lesion similar for both forms
multifocal pyogranulomatous reactions
primarily vascular disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

FIP diagnosis

A

no definitive FIP test
hemogram:
-nonregenerative anemia
-severe lymphopenia and eosinopenia
-neutrophilic leukocytosis
serum protein: increased total protein
increased bilirubin with sever liver involvement
radiographs: pleural or peritoneal effusion
CSF: increased protein levels and increased cell counts (neutrophils)
JUST WET FORM–fluid analysis:
>straw/golden colored
>flecks or strands fibrin
>decreased cell count
>no bacteria
serology: false positives, detects other coronavirus diseases
vaccinations cause false positives for 3 mon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

abdominocentesis

A

abdomen removed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

paracentesis

A

off to side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

cystocentesis

A

bladder removed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

treatment for FIP

A

aggressive antiinflammatory medicine
Prednisone- steroid, decrease inflammation
plus one of following:
cytoxan
alkeran
imuran
ampicillan to eliminate secondary bacteria, antibiotic b/c of immunosuppressant
interferon- drug produced by body, fight infection/cancer/virus
levamisole-dewormer, stimulates immune system
antiviral drug (ribavirin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

cats most likely to respond to FIP treatment if

A

good physical condition
good appetite
no CNS signs
no anemia, regenerative if have
no FeLV infection
survive 3-4 weeks after diagnosis
fatal disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

FeLV etiology

A

RNA virus
subfamily oncovirinae of family retroviridae
-RNA core
-reverse trancriptase enzyme- unique to FeLV, allows insertion into DNA of host cell
-viral core proteins-detected by lab testing
-viral envelope components-determines how much disease it can produced based on types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

FeLV transmission

A

carriers for life
contagious transmission requires intimate contact
-primarily oronasal cotact with infectious saliva
-facilitated by social behavior suck as licking, biting, grooming, sharing of food
-transplacental and milkborne
-blood transfusions
brief encounter is of decreased importance than continuous exposure, not from one bite
fomite transmission not important, wont last in environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

FeLV clinical signs

A

chronic wasting disease characterized by anemia, lethargy, and anorexia
1/3 of body weight lost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

proliferative FeLV

A

uncontrolled multiplication of cells
lymphoproliferative neoplasia
myeloproliferative neoplasia
crowd out all good cells
no immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

degenerative FeLV

A

cytopathic effects on certain cells/cell types
kills cells
bone marrow cells- anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia
lymphocytes- T cell depletion, lymphoid atrophy, immunodeficiency
intestinal cells- enteritis
fetus and placenta- abortion/ stillbirths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

immunosuppressive FeLV

A

“aids-like disease”
profound immunodeficiency resulting in susceptibility to wide variety of opportunistic infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

immune-mediated FeLV

A

reverse of C
immune complex induced or autoimmune disease

32
Q

lymphoproliferative neoplasms classification

A

lymphosarcoma (LSA) solid tumor/ cancer
lymphocytic leukemia- abnormal cells circulating in blood (cancer in cells)

33
Q

alimentary LSA

A

causes weight loss
mesenteric lymph nodes-needle ot asperate for cytology
stomach- vomiting vs weight loss; biopsy
intestine- diffuse infiltration of intestinal wall causing diarrhea and weight loss
nodular swelling of intestinal wall causing intestinal obstruction. palpable mass, anorexia and vomiting
liver- diffuse or nodular, icterus, weight loss, vomiting, and abnormal liver function tests
spleen- diffuse splenomegaly

34
Q

mediastinal LSA

A

thymus/mediastinal lymph node involvement (mass in chest/ lymph nodes)
pleural effusion w abnormal lymphocytes-dyspnea
tracheal compression causing coughing
esophageal compression-regurgitation, dysphagia
horner’s syndrome- sympathetic nerve trunk compression, pressure on nerve to eye
mass palpable at thoracic inlet- decreased compressibility; take radiographs

35
Q

multicentric LSA

A

generalized involvement of external and internal lymph nodes, liver, spleen, kidneys and other visceral organs

36
Q

lymphoproliferative neoplasms treatment

A

euthanasia-won’t suffer
chemotherapy-cats don’t do well
immunotherapy
surgery?
radiation therapy (expensive)
anti-retroviral drugs- future applications based on human aids research

37
Q

myeloproliferative disorders

A

true leukemia- cell cancer
characterized by proliferation of one or more cell lines in bone marrow
abnormal cells found in peripheral blood and bone marrow
no discernible tumor/ nodules seen
weak immune system
classified on basis of cellualr origin of abnormal cells

38
Q

myeloproliferative disorders clinical signs

A

anorexia, depressions, weight loss, progressive unresponsive anemia
thrombocytopenia
icterus= hemobartonella which results in hemolytic anemia-> 50-70% FeLV +

39
Q

myeloproliferative disorders diagnosis

A

ID of abnormal cells in blood or marrow
PCV <10%
#1 cause on neutropenia in cats

40
Q

myeloproliferative disorders treatment

A

supportive- nutritional, fluids, blood transfusions (help extend life but not save), anabolic steroids (help build muscle mass), antibotics
chemotherapy

41
Q

FeLV induced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

A

causes profound suppression of cat’s immune system, increasing susceptibility to all types on infections
most frequent & devestating consequence of FeLV, can see these secondary infections:
viral-FIP, herpes
fungal-cryptococcus
rickettsial-hemobartonella
protozoal-toxoplasmosis, cryptosporidiosis
bacterial- oral, respiratory, enteritis, cutaneous & septicemia
unexplained pyrexia
numerous mechanisms of FeLV immunosuppression
distinctive peripheral lymph node hyperpasia, 3x normal size

42
Q

immune-mediated disorder

A

any immune disease
chronic progressive polyarthritis, immune mediated anemia, infertility, still birth, abortion
fading kittens
immune system overact and attack own cells

43
Q

FeLV induced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome diagnosis

A

Viral isolation assay- expensive and time consuming but the best
immunofluroesent antibody test
ELISA test, very sensitive must be done carefully to avoid false positive
bone marrow reactivation test
-detects latent FeLV infection in cultured bone marrow cells
-research lab= expensive and takes weeks

44
Q

FeLV induced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome antibody test

A

virus neutralizing antibody (VN-Ab) titer- research
FeLV ab test- ELISA
Anti FOCMA ab test
-feline oncornavirus associated cell membrane ag

45
Q

FeLV induced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome treatment

A

no effective treatment
nonspecific immune stimulants
bone marrow transplantation after whole body irradiation
antiviral drugs-agents to inhibit reverse transcriptase

46
Q

prevention and control of FeLV

A

prevent in individual cat= vaccinate
perform FeLV test at or before 1st vaccine
test and slaughter program in catteries, 2 ELISA negatives to be FeLV free

47
Q

FIV etiology

A

retrovirus family , subfamily lentivirinae
infection for life and very slow
few cells infected, but all killed by virus
newly recognized disease
tropic and cytotoxic for T-lymphocytes, induces progressive and often fatal immunodeficiency

48
Q

FIV epidemiology

A

found everywhere
incidence: primarily intact, free-roaming male cats
agre 2 mo-18 years, most less than 5 years

49
Q

FIV transmission

A

found in blood and spinal fluid of infected cats, virus is shed in saliva
survives poorly outside of host, readily destroyed by most disinfectants
test cat if to be hospital donor

50
Q

FIV clinical signs

A

stage 1: initial acute phase on infections (begins 4-6 weeks post inoculation)
transient fever occurs in 33% and lasts 3-14 days
neutropenia lasts 1-9 weeks
generalized lympadenopathy 100% of infected cats, lasts 2-9 months
occasional complications w preexisting conditions
stage 2: asymptomatic latent phase of infection
variable duration up to years

51
Q

terminal phase of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

A

progressive weight loss
chronic recurrent bacterial infections
recurrent pyrexia of unknown origin
generalized lymphadenopathy

52
Q

FIV diagnosis

A

ELISA test for FIV ab
western blot test- only available in research labs and very expensive

53
Q

FIV treatment

A

none currently available

54
Q

FIV prevention

A

isolate infected cats
neuter males to decrease fighting and roaming
prevent allowing cats to roam freely
vaccination available- not core vaccine
difficult to develop bc lentiviruses hide from host immune system & strain variation

55
Q

feline toxoplasmosis etiology

A

toxoplasma gondii
obligate intracellular protozoan parasite for which cat is definitive host which infects lost warm blooded animals as intermediate hosts

56
Q

feline toxoplasmosis routes of infection

A

ingestion of infected animal tissue containing toxo cysts (birds, mice)
ingestion of sporulated oocysts shed in cat feces, infectious for intermediate hosts not cats
congenital (transplacental) important consideration for pregnant women, uncommon in cats, common in food producing animals

57
Q

feline toxoplasmosis clinical signs

A

subclinical infection most common
anorexia/lethargy
nonresponsive pyrexia, often <104 F
vomiting, diarrhea
icterus
CNS disorders
myocardis
abnormal enlarged lymph nodes
uveitis, cloudiness, blue tint to eye

58
Q

feline toxoplasmosis diagnosis

A

IgG titers, increased titer from previous exposure
IgM titer- IgM toxo ab rise initally after infection and then fall off as IgG rises
high Ig< liter and low/moderate IgG titer indicated active or recent infection
detection of toxo tachyzoites

59
Q

feline toxoplasmosis treatment

A

clindamycin (antibotic) decrease oocyst shedding and decrease clinical disease
topical steroid for uveitis

60
Q

feline toxoplasmosis prevention and control

A

dont feed raw meat, prevent scavenging, don’t let outdoors to hunt
was hands before eat, wash anything that contacts raw meat, cover sandboxes, pregnant woman dont clean litter etc

61
Q

FPV etiology

A

feline panleukopenia
parvovrius
spread via direct contact or fomites
virus extremely stable and can survive for years in the environment
equivalent to canine parvo

62
Q

FPV incubation period

A

varies 3-7 days
course of disease rarely exceeds 5 days
mortality is high, esp in young cats
morbidity is also high

63
Q

FPV clinical signs

A

anorexia, depression, pyrexia, persistent vomiting, diarrhea, and progressive dehydration
watery, mucoid, or bloody stool
sudden onset of disease

64
Q

FPV lesions

A

degeneration and balooned crypts with shorted blunted, fused villi

65
Q

FPV diagnosis

A

blood serum test
virus isolation
necropsy

66
Q

FPV treatment

A

fluid replacement therapy
forced alimentation to meet energy and nutritional needs
antibiotic therapy to decrease secondary bacterial infection
supportive- antipyretics, anti-inflammatories, analgesics

67
Q

FPV protection

A

highly effective vaccine

68
Q

Feline respiratory disease complex etiology

A

feline herpesvirus (FHV-1)
-feline viral rhinitracheitis (FVP)
-incidence-40-50%
feline calicivirus (FCV)
-viral pneumonia and oral ulcers (lower respiratory disease)
-incidence= 40-50%
chlamydia psittaci
-pneumonitis, conjunctivitis, and rhinitis (inflammation of nose)
-incidence= 5-10%
other:
reovirus (conjunctival disease)
mycoplasmas (secondary invaders)
Bordetella bronchiseptica
canine parainfluenza virus

69
Q

Feline respiratory disease complex transmission

A

aerosol- sneezing/ coughing up to 4 ft
direct- less than 4 ft
fomites-important mode
FVP survives 18-24 hours outside host
FCV very resistant- survives 8-10 days
10% bleach
persistently infected subclinical carriers
FVR 2/3 recovered cats are latent carriers
FCV recovered carried shed for mon-years

70
Q

FVR pathogenesis

A

move in eyes, nose, tracea, ocular ulcers
upper airway disease
herpes
secondary bacterial infections may prolong/ worsen
abortion and stillbirths

71
Q

FCV pathogenesis

A

viral pneumonia, oral and nasal ulcers
lower respiratory disease, lower airway
increase lung sound
one isolate causes paw and mouth disease, bad breath
isolated in 80% cats with chronic ulcerative or proliferative gingivitis/ stomatitis

72
Q

stomatitis

A

inflammation/ infection of tongue

73
Q

Pneumonitis (chlamydia) pathogenesis

A

acute or chronic mucopurulent conjunctivitis
initially unilateral then bilateral
mild sneezing, coughing and occasionally pyrexia
very mild subclinical pneumonia
increased mucous production, discolored mucous starts in one then both

74
Q

Feline respiratory disease complex diagnosis

A

clinical
diagnosing viral respiratory disease, routine lab diagnostics are not helpful
direct immunofluorescence
smears of nasal mucosa or conjunctiva to detect virus infected cells (best for FHV/FVR)
virus isolation
cell culture of swabs of oropharynx, nasal cavity, or conjunctiva (best for FCV)
serology
use rising neutralizing ab titer in convalescent serum

75
Q

Feline respiratory disease complex treatment

A

outpatient preferred to prevent infection of hospital cats
clean discharges from nose and mouth
nutrition and fluid intake
rest and warmth (inhibits FHV replication)
airway humidification
antibiotics- secondary bacterial infection >amoxicillin
chlamydial>tetracycline
topical therapy
topical eye therapy

Small Animal Med (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions