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Small Animal Med > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Primary anorexia causes

A

stress
Unpalatable diets
headache
loss of smell

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2
Q

secondary anorexia causes

A

malnutrition with ketosis
hypercalcemia

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3
Q

psuedoanorexia causes

A

mandibular paralysis
blindness

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4
Q

In normal animals, the accumulation of fat stores in the body tends to increase feeding desire

A

false

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5
Q

pain inhibits the hunger center

A

true

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6
Q

pica

A

unusual habit/compulsion to eat inedible objects
ex: dog eating rocks

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7
Q

how does animal get rid of increased body temp?

A

decrease physical activity
vasodilation
panting

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8
Q

Veterinary schools teach their student to work up causes using one of two methods. Name them

A

SOAP (subjective, objective, assessment, plan)
POA (problem-oriented approach)

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9
Q

problem

A

an issue that interferes with the animals quality of life or needs to be addressed medically/ surgically

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10
Q

discuss 4 benefits from fever in animal

A

inhibit growth of microorganisms
proteolytic enzymes released to fight viruses
reduced serum Fe levels which decrease bacterial cell metabolism
Fe chelate created by bacteria is reduced

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11
Q

What are the characteristics that define FUO (fever of unknown origin)

A

lasts over 2 weeks
temp is 15 degrees above normal
unknown origin

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12
Q

exogenous pyrogens

A

fever inducing pathogen that originates from outside the body

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13
Q

name 4 exogenous pyrogens

A

gram + bacteria
tumor
virus
bacterial endotoxins

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14
Q

two categories of pyrexia

A

pathologic and physiologic

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15
Q

endothermic vertebrae

A

regulates temp of body systems

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16
Q

name 3 components of plan formulation

A

perform tests and treatments
perform follow-up/assessment
client education

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17
Q

small animals usually have polyuria as their primary problem with a compensatory polydipsia

A

true

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18
Q

animals with urine specific gravity> 1.035 are polyuric

A

false

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19
Q

cancer causes PuPd by causing inhibition of ADH

A

true

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20
Q

when the glomerular filtrate has a specific gravity equal to plasma which is 1.008-1.012 it is known as

A

isosthenuric

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21
Q

which diuretic crosses the blood-brain barrier easily?

A

Mannitol

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22
Q

Which cause of Pd actually best anticipates water needs prior to actual deficiencies

A

secondary thirst

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23
Q

the concentration of _____ in the body is critical for normal muscle contraction

A

calcium

24
Q

the antidiuretic hormone control center lies adjacent to the thirst center and is controlled by intracellular fluid osmolality

A

false

25
Q

organic disease of the nervous system usually creates consistent signs of weakness

A

true

26
Q

diabetes can be a cause of episodic weakness

A

true

27
Q

acetylcholine

A

a neurotransmitter that causes a change in action potential to cause muscle contraction

28
Q

with the loops of henle in the countercurrent system, water is reabsorbed along the concentration gradients established in the renal medulla in or to increase osmolality

A

false, decreases osmolality

29
Q

atrophy

A

loss of muscle mass

30
Q

causes to atrophy

A

destruction of neurons in muscle tissue
misuse of the muscle

31
Q

name 2 reasons to terminate the water deprivation test

A

cause cause animal to lose 7% body weight
could cause osmolality to increase

32
Q

name 4 clinical signs of episodic weakness

A

extreme and uncontrollable panting
reluctant to move
“quit” in the middle of exercise
paresis

33
Q

the water deprivation test is primarily utilized to “rule out”

A

primary polydipsia

34
Q

aerobic glycolysis is the most effective way to produce energy in skeletal muscle

A

true

35
Q

In the water deprivation test, failure to concentrate urine can be attributed to 4 things, name 2 of them

A

ADH deficiency
medullary washout

36
Q

outline a diagnostic plan for episodic weakness

A

take complete history and perform a physcial exam
-neurologic test and muscle palpation
perform profile, CBC, urinalysis, ELISA for heartworm
chest and thoracic radiographs
EKG

37
Q

which of the following breeds would be a poor choice with most-aggressive traits?
Beagle
Collie
Dalmation
Irish Setter
English Bulldog

A

Dalmation

38
Q

the positive response to antianxiety drugs will support a neurological diagnosis

A

false, supports psychogenic diagnosis

39
Q

what is the treatment for coprophagia

A

Forbid

40
Q

Nipper’s older brother psycho was recently diagnosed with psychomotor aggression. You recommend ___ for his treatment

A

anticonvulsant

41
Q

inappropriate urination is the most common behavioral problem in cats

A

true

42
Q

cats prefer an increased population density

A

false

43
Q

coprophagia is an abnormal animal behavior

A

false

44
Q

the mad itch is a herpes viral infection that causes pyrexia, neuro signs and seizures

A

true

45
Q

you expect a positive treatment outcome when treating aggressive dogs with clomicalm medication

A

false

46
Q

Which breed of dog has the least amount of aggressive tendencies
poodle
great dane
irish setter
german short haired pointer
doberman pinscher

A

German shorthair pointer

47
Q

name 4 reasons cats urinate outside their litter box

A

dirty litter
type of litter
litter of other cat
urinary disease

48
Q

What is the breed predilection and specific treatment for dogs with pancreatic exocrine insufficency

A

german shepherd
viocase

49
Q

paresthesia

A

burning, tingling, sensation

50
Q

How would you diagnose the “guilty” party when you have inappropriate urination in a multi cat household

A

inject with 0.3 Na SubQ, will glow when pee
watch the inappropriate urination occur

51
Q

aggressive behavior may be a result if organic brain lesion, name 3 types

A

trauma
tumor
chemical imbalance

52
Q

where is aggressive behavior controlled

A

limbic system in brain

53
Q

describe behavior modification technique for your dog with separation anxiety for these 3 scenarios
before leaving
when returning
when at home

A

before leaving: leave a distracting toy/ treats
when returning: pay no attention to dog until calm
when at home: diffuse signs of leaving, like jingling keys

54
Q

explain why an adult dog hates other dogs

A

could be due to past experiences they had as a puppy, especially in the first 3 months
-being taken from litter too soon

55
Q

name 4 consequences for coprophagia

A

gastrointestinal parasites
ingestion of foreign objects
severe halitosis
impaction

56
Q

A 12 year old intact beagle is mutilating his right front foot. There is a raised, mushrooming, quater-sized lesion on the dorsal aspect of the foot. Devise a diagnostic plan for this situation

A

take a complete history and physical exam
biopsy lesion
radiograph surrounding area on foot
take neurologic exams
CBC, profile, urinalysis, MRI

Small Animal Med (8 decks)

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