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Small Animal Med > Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Antigens that cause disease

A 
virus (k9 flu)
bacteria(lepto)
fungus(pneumonia)
protozoa(coccidiosis)
parasites(fleas, ticks)
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2
Q

bacterial spores are

A

extremely resistent

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3
Q

reservoir

A

the natural habitat of its causative agent (tetanus)

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4
Q

carriers

A

Living reservoirs
shed organisms that cause disease
clinical vs subclinical

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5
Q

source

A

where the disease is coming from

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6
Q

latent carriers

A

may shed organisms intermittently in cyclic manner

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7
Q

transmissibility

A

potential or ability for disease to spread from infected carrier to susceptible animal

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8
Q

direct contact transmission

A 
involves close approximation or direct physical contact
-veneral
-bite
-aerosol droplets
under 4ft
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9
Q

indirect transmission

A

fomites-inanimate mode of transpertation
-hands, food dish, kennel etc
over 4 ft

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10
Q

common source transmission

A

simultaneous exposure of # of individuals to an infectious agent.
-food source outbreaks

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11
Q

airbone

A

spores, resistent microorganisms

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12
Q

vector borne transmission

A

usually arthropod
externally vs internally
flies and mosquitos

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13
Q

health of both humans and animals depends on

A

ability to control and or modify a particular disease-producing microorganisms

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14
Q

sterilization

A

process of destroying microbes completely by chemical/ physical means
an absolute condition

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15
Q

disinfection

A

destruction of most pathogenic microorganisms
-surgery table
usually chemical means on inanimate object

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16
Q

antisepsis

A

destruction of microbes on the skin

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17
Q

sanitation

A

destruction of bacterial #’s of contaminants to safe level

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18
Q

physical agents

A

steam under pressure is more efficient way to eliminate microbes
121 degreed C at 15#/in sq for 15 min

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19
Q

temp range

A

100.5-102.5

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20
Q

dog pulse

A

70-160

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21
Q

cat pulse

A

110-240 bpm

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22
Q

dog respiration

A

10-30 breath/min

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23
Q

cat respiration

A

20-30 breath/min

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24
Q

visual sense during physical exam

A

thin, obese, leg dangling etc

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25
Q

auditory sense during physical exam

A

hear coughing, wheezing, painful breathing

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26
Q

Oflactory sense during physical exam

A

ear smell, bad breath, anal glands, parvo, skin dz

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27
Q

tactile sense during physical exam

A

lump on kidney, thickened bladder, heat in joint

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28
Q

problem areas that need to be further evaluated

A 
cardiovascular
neurology
musculoskeletal
radiographs
ultrasound
CBC profile
urinalysis
29
Q

hands off

A

history
date collection
observing animal
-ignore but watch

30
Q

hands on

A

nose to tail exam

rostral to caudal

31
Q

recorded observations

A 
body weight
temp
respiratory rate
heart rate
mucous membrane color
capillary refill time
hydration status
32
Q

how to test hydration

A

tent skin, if snap back=good

33
Q

symmetry vs asymmetry

A

split animal down middle and compare sides

34
Q

observe

A

all orifices

discharges

35
Q

pyrexia

A

elevated temp above normal

36
Q

pyrexia could be due to

A

pathologic (virus, bacteria, protozoa, fungus)

physiologic (exercise, increase ambient temp, inflammation)

37
Q

hemoglobin

A

helps to make new RBC

allows Oxygen to attach to RBC to oxygenate for tissue and cellular metabolism

38
Q

PCV

A

pack cell volume (hematocrit)
RBC + plasma
if high %=dehydrated, less plasma
if low %=anemic, not enough RBC

39
Q

WBC

A

warrior cells/ immune system
if high=bacterial infection
if low=viral infection
produced in bone marrow, released in blood stream

40
Q

neutrophils

A 
warrior/combat
segmented-differentiated/ mature
band-glob of nuclei, can't do anything
band low-viral
band high-overwhelming bacteria
41
Q

Lymphocytes

A

indicate stress, if high= cancer

42
Q

monocytes

A

if high=chronic (had for awhile)

43
Q

basinophils and eocinophils

A

go up and down together based on allergy or parasite

44
Q

albumin

A

protein, low level= bleeding somewhere

45
Q

urilysis

A

name for bladder stones

46
Q

cystotomy

A

open up bladder

47
Q

serum of hepatat

A

helps induce vomiting if animal swallowed foreign object

48
Q

intramedullary pin

A

inside of bone pin

further down = more stable

49
Q

gastronomy

A

open up stomach

50
Q

when naming fractures

A

describe bone, placement, and type of fracture

51
Q

osteomylytis

A

bone infection

52
Q

when implanting plate

A

must have good alignment

at least 2 screws above and below the fracture

53
Q

joint fracture surgery

A

use circlage wire that goes around whole bone

54
Q

clampsia

A

low levels of calcium during birth

55
Q

pica

A

abnormal eating habit of something inedible

56
Q

t plate

A

used to stabilize joint

3 screws across and below

57
Q

benign

A

locally spread but not throughout body, can still be harmful

58
Q

malignant

A

cancer

spreads throughout blood stream

59
Q

RBC range

A

dog-5.5-8.5 x10^6

cat-5-10

60
Q

Hb range

A

dog-12-18

cat-10-15

61
Q

PCV range

A

dog-35-56%

cat-30-45%

62
Q

WBC range

A

dog-6-17 x10^3

cat-5.5-19.5

63
Q

segmented neutrophils range

A

dog-60-77%

cat-35-75%

64
Q

band neutrophils range

A

dogs and cats-0-3%

65
Q

lymphocytes range

A

dog-12-30%

cat-20-55%

66
Q

monocytes range

A

dog-3-10%

cat-1-4%

67
Q

basophils range

A

dog and cat-0-1%

68
Q

eosinophils range

A

dog-2-10%

cat-2-12%

Small Animal Med (8 decks)

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