Quiz 2 Slides Flashcards
What does the carotid sinus contain? carotid body?
carotid sinus contains baroreceptors to detect blood pressure
Carotid body contains chemoreceptors to detect blood oxygen levels
Deep fascia of neck consist of 3 layers, describe them
Deep fascia of the neck consists of 3 layers:
Investing: Surrounds entire neck deep to skin; encloses SCM and trapezius
Pretracheal: Muscular part encloses infrahyoid muscles; visceral part encloses thyroid gland, trachea, esophagus
Prevertebral fascia: Covers vertebral column; prevertebral muscles (longus colli, longus capitis, scalenes)
What are the flexors of cervical vertebrae?
-SCM
-Scalanes- anterior, middle, posterior
-Prevertebral muscles
What are the prevertebral muscles?
-Longus Colli
-Longus capitis
Rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitis lateralis
What are the parts of the Longus Colli
Inferior part: Bodies of T1-T3 to transverse processes of C5-C6
Vertical Part: bodies of C5-T3 to bodies of C2-C4
Superior part: transverse processes of C3-C5 to anterior arch of atlas
Actions of longus Colli? Innveration?
Bilateral action: flexion of neck
Unilateral action: lateral flexion; rotation of neck to opposite side
Innervation: ventral rami of C2-C6
Longus capitis Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation?
Origin: transverse processes of C3-C6 Insertion: Occipital bone
Action: Flexion of head and neck (bilateral) Lateral flexion of head and neck (unilateral)
Innervation: ventral rami of C1-C3
What are the two small muscles that help to hold the head upright?
Rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitis lateralis
Rectus capitis anterior action and innervation?
Action: flexion of head at atlantooccpitial joint (bilateral)
Lateral flexion of head (unilateral)
Innervation: Ventral rami of C1-C2
Rectus capitis lateralis action and innervation
Action: lateral flexion of the head
Innervation: ventral rami of c1-c2
external intercostal origin, insertion, action, innervation blood supply
Origin: inferior border of ribs
Insertion: Superior border of rib below
Muscle fibers run infero-anteriorly
Action: Elevates ribs (inspiration)
Innervation: Intercostal nerve (ventral rami of thoracic spinal nerve)
Blood supply: Intercostal artery, vein
Internal intercostal origin, insertion, action, innervation?
Innermost intercostal?
Origin: inferior border of ribs
Insertion: Superior border of rib below
Muscle fibers run infero-posteriorly
Action: Depresses ribs (expiration)
Innervation: Intercostal nerve
Innermost intercostal: Same as internal intercostal
Explanation of intercostal muscles relating to the intercostal space
There not a continous sheet of muscle in the intercostal space. They end as a muscle and continue as transparent intercostal membrane
Where do external intercostal muscles begin, end, continue and attach
The external intercostal muscles go from tubercles of ribs as far as the mid-clavicular line. They continue as external intercostal membrane to attach to the sternum
Where do internal intercostal muscles begin, end, and contintue + attach
The internal intercostal muscles begin as muscle at the sternum and end at the costal angle. They continue as internal intercostal membrane to attach to the tubercles of ribs
What do the intercostal muscles support?
The intercostal muscles support the intercostal space and stiffen the rib cage so that more powerful muscles of respiration (like the diaphragm) can act effectively
Transversus thoracis Origin, insertion, action
Origin= posterior surface of lower sternum
Insertion= internal surface of costal cartilages 2-6
Action= weakly depresses ribs
Subcostal Origin, insertion, innervation, action
Origin= internal surface of lower ribs near their angles
Insertion= superior border of 2nd or 3rd ribs below
Innervation= intercostal nerve
Action= same manner as internal intercostal muscles
Levatores costarum Origin, insertion, innervation, action
origin= transversre processes of t7-t11
Insertion= subjacent ribs between tubercle and angle
Innervation= posterior rami of c8-t11 nerves
Actiion= elevates ribs
Serratus posterior superior origin, insertion, innervation, action
Origin= nuchal ligament, spinous process of c7-t3 vertebrae
Insertion= superior borders of 2-4 ribs
INnervation= 2nd-5th intercostal nerves
Action= elevates ribs
Serratus posterior superior origin, insertion, action, innervation
origin= spinous processes of t11-L2 vertebrae
insertion= inferior border of 8th-12th ribs near their angles
Innervation= 9th-11th intercostal nerves
action= depresses ribs
Pectoralis major medial attachment, lateral attachment, innervation, action
medial attachment= clavicular head and stemocostal head
Lateral attachment= lateral lip of intertubercular groove
Innervation= lateral and medial pectoral nerves
Action= Adducts and medially rotates humerus, draws scapula anterioly and inferioly
Pectoralis minor medial attachment, lateral attachment ,innveration, action
Medial attachment= 3rd-5th ribs near their costal cartilages
Lateral attachment= medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula
Innervation= medial pectoral nerve
Action= stabilizes scapula by drawing inferioly and anterioly
where are the mammary glands located?
The mammary glands are located on the surface of the deep fascia on pectoralis major in females
