Quiz 2 - Reimer - URIs

Question 1

What are some URI syndromes that are all considered “colds”?

Answer 1

Pharyngitis

Otitis

Sinusitis

Epiglottitis

Laryngitis

Bronchitis

Question 2

T/F - Colds are viral.

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

What is the typical duration of a cold?

Answer 3

~10 days. 3 days coming, 3 days here, 3 days going

*May cough for 3-4 wks though

Question 4

Red flag symptoms that may indicate that the patient does not have a cold?

Answer 4

Abrupt onset

High fever

Severe headache

Question 5

T/F - There are plenty of cold treatment options, but nothing really does much.

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

What medications may reduce pain associated with colds?

Answer 6

NSAIDS

Question 7

Name other things that may reduce symptoms.

Answer 7

OTC combinations

Humid air

Zinc lozenges

Ipatropium inhalation may reduce cough/congestion

Question 8

Cold treatments w/o benefits?

Answer 8

Antibiotics

Codeine cough remedies

2nd gen antihistamines (Claritin)

Echinacea

VITAMIN C

Nasal steroids

Increased fluid intake
-However, being hydrated is a preventative as that means your mucus membranes are moist and harder to penetrate

Question 9

How to prevent a cold?

Answer 9

WASH YOUR HANDS

Physically active adults have fewer colds

Multivitamins have NOT been shown to prevent a cold

Herbal products have had limited research with no consistent benefits

Question 10

T/F - Pharyngitis can be caused by a virus or a bacteria.

Answer 10

TRUE

Question 11

What is a major cause of strep throat?

Answer 11

Group A strep

Question 12

What are some characteristic symptoms of Group A strep?

Answer 12

Sudden onset

Fever

Headache

N/V/D - Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Pharynx inflammation

Post nasal drip/exudate

Tender cervical nodes

Question 13

What age group is associated with Group A strep?

Answer 13

5-15

Question 14

What season is associated with group A strep?

Answer 14

Winter to spring

Question 15

What are symptoms NOT associated with strep?

Answer 15

Cough

Congestion

Conjunctivitis

Hoarseness

Diarrhea

Question 16

90% of kids by age 2 get what and at what age does it peak?

Answer 16

Otitis

6-15 months old

Question 17

75% of otitis is viral or bacterial?

Answer 17

VIRAL

Rhinovirus, RSV, Corona

Question 18

If otitis is bacterial what is a dead give away that indicates bacterial vs viral?

Answer 18

Bilateral otitis

*Caused by pneumo, h. Flu, moraxella

Antibiotics have little value even for bacterial otitis

Question 19

When should antibiotics with otitis be prescribed?

Answer 19

Moderate to sever pain

Pain for longer than 48 hrs

Temp greater than 39 C

Younger than 24 months

*Benefit of taking antibiotics is small

**If unilateral, it is most likely viral

Question 20

Sinusitis is mostly ________, but if is it bacterial, then what bacteria cause it?

Answer 20

Viral

Same as otitis

Question 21

Symptoms of sinusitis?

Answer 21

Biphasic illness (Two phases)

Facial pain

Nasal discharge (esp if 1 side)

Maxillary teeth pain

*Xrays not specific

**Antibiotics and saline nasal spray may be helpful

Question 22

T/F - Epiglottitis is potentially life threatening.

Answer 22

TRUE

Question 23

What is epiglottitis caused by?

Answer 23

Haemophilis influenzae, HSV

Pool chemicals, thermal injury, radiation, foreign body

Question 24

Symptoms of epiglottitis?

Answer 24

Dysphagia- Painful swallowing

Drooling

Stridor (High pitched inspiration)

Muffled voice

*Tx: Protect airway, lateral neck X-ray to confirm
—**Thumb sign - The enlarged epiglottis looks like a thumb on an X-ray.