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PRD 131 > quiz 2: Incisors + canines > Flashcards

quiz 2: Incisors + canines Flashcards

1
Q

what is diastema

A

proximal surfaces are not touching (often in anterior teeth)

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2
Q

what are functions of incisors?

A
  • cuts food
  • enables articulate speech
  • supports lips /appearance
  • guides mandible during its movements
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3
Q

how many lobes make up incisors

A

four!

3 represented by the anterior grooves, and the fourth is cingulum

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4
Q

what are the rounded extensions on incisal edge?

A

mamelons! (3 of them)

-wear off over time

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5
Q

why would someone have mamelons in adulthood

A

malocclusion

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6
Q

what are the fine lines parallel to CEJ called?

A

perikymata

wear over time

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7
Q

( what type of trait ) incisors appear rectangular

A

class trait (vs canines, molars)

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8
Q

what is the mesial incisal angle on central incisors

A

approximately 90 degrees

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9
Q

how do lateral incisor edges differ from central

A

type trait !

  • mesial and distal incisal angles are rounder
  • less prominent mamelons and labial depressions
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10
Q

how is cervical line different mesial/distal on incisors

A

curvature is greater mesially (dips further towards incisal edge)

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11
Q

which thirds are the mesial and distal proximal contacts in incisors? (maxillary)

A

for central:

  • mesial: incisal third
  • distal : near junction of incisal and middle thirds.

for laterals:
-distal contact (to first premolar) is the most cervical of all incisors !

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12
Q 
which contact (mesial or distal) of central incisor is more cervical/incisal
(maxillary)
A

-mesial contact (central-central) is more incisal

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13
Q

mandibular-

where are central and lateral incisor proximal contacts

A
  • central: both contacts are in incisal third, same level

- lateral: distal contact is more cervical (with first premolar)

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14
Q

central incisors: which way are they wider/narrower (maxillary) regarding incisal/gingival and mesial/distal?

A

wider incisal-gingivally than mesial-distally (usually)

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15
Q

how are the cervical lines shaped generally

A

on both cental and lateral they are convex toward apex facially and lingually but convex toward the incisal edge mesial and distally

-curvature is greater on mesial side than on distal

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16
Q

what is the root to crown ratio for incisors generally

A

greater than 1

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17
Q

maxillary: how do roots of mesial and distal incisors vary (root to crown ratio)

A

-root to crown ratio is larger for lateral maxillary incisors vs central

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18
Q

cingulum in central vs lateral incisors (maxillary)

A

central is more developed/larger, and slightly off center towards the distal in central incisors. Cingulum is more centered in the lateral incisors.

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19
Q

what are characteristics of marginal ridge in maxillary incisors

A

central marginal ridges are prominent. Mesial is longer than distal marginal ridge.
-distal incisors also have distal ridge appear shorter, this is even MORE SO than on central incisors.

-maxillary

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20
Q

fossa in mesial vs lateral incisors *maxillary

A

lateral incisors have smaller fossa than central. Maxillary laterals are more likely to have deeper lingual fossae and pits than centrals.

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21
Q

which third are heights of contor (facial/lingual) on maxillary incisors

A

both central and lateral have height of contor facial/lingual in cervical third.
-S shaped on lingual side! bc of cingulum

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22
Q

where is incisal edge to root axis line on maxillary/mandibular incisors

A

maxillary: usually labial to the root axis line

Mandibular: usually lingual to root axis line

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23
Q

what are accessory ridges, how many can there be?

A

ridges extend vertically from the cingulum towards center of fossa on incisors. Fewer are in maxillary lateral incisors than central
Can be 1-4 of them, seperated by grooves.

24
Q

what are deep fossa incisors called?

A

have prominent marginal ridges

called shovel shaped incisors

25
Q

for mandibular incisors, what is wider, mesial distal or lingual facial?

A

slightly wider labial lingual than mesiodistal (opposite for maxillary central)

26
Q

how are mandibular incisors vs maxillary

A

smaller overall, same size as eachother roughly. Contact is near incisal ridge.

  • smoother lingual surfaces than maxillary incisors
  • incisal edge is lingual to the root axis (vs labial)
  • root crown ratio is larger
27
Q

what are the 4 canine numbers

A

6,11,22,27

28
Q

whats another term for canines

A

cuspids (eyeteeth, fangs-not used)

29
Q

what are the average maxillary canine dimesnsions (overall length, crown length, M-D crown width)

A

length: 26.4 mm
crown length: 10.6 mm
M-D crown width: 7.6 mm

(longest teeth in the mouth but mandibular canines have longer crowns!!)

30
Q

what are the average mandibular canine dimesnsions (overall length, crown length, M-D crown width)

A

length: 25.9 mm
crown length: 11 mm
M-D crown width: 6.8 mm

31
Q

what is the last tooth to be lost typically due to periodontal disease or decay

A

canines!

32
Q

what age do max/mand canines erupt

A

mandibular: 9-10 years
maxillary: 11-12 years

33
Q

function of canines

A

mastication, helps incisors cut, pierce ad shear food. Aids with posterior teeth and grinding the food.

  • support lip and facial muscles. esthetics.
  • guiding mandible (canine guidance) and occlusion
  • they ride against eachother (opposing canines) when mandible moves side to side, the other teeth separate and this protects premolars and molars from horizontal forces
34
Q

canine root features (maxillary)

A

long and thick! good anchors to alveolar bone.
good for giving support to replacement teeth (canine supported stay plate)
-longest in mouth
-bends distally in apical third
-root depressions are on mesial and distal sides. Distal one is more distinct!
-NARROWER on lingual side than on the facial side!!

35
Q

what is the edge of the canine tooth called

A

no incisal edge

=mesial anddistal cusp ridges with one cusp tip

36
Q

what is the shape of the labial crown surface of canines

A

convex toward labia!

  • labial ridge runs vertically (only anterior teeth with that!)
  • may have notches next to the cusp.
  • convex middle 1/3 becomes nearly flat in cervical third
  • distal outline is slightly concave in cervical third
37
Q

from incisal view, what are the canine dimensions?

A

the distal half is longer (asymetrical)

-greater labiolingual distance than mesiodistal

38
Q

what are features of canine from proximal view

A

wedge shaped or triangular

-facial and lingual height of contours are in cervical third.

39
Q

how many lobes make up canines

A

four! 4th is cingulum

40
Q

canine proximal contacts? (maxillary)

A
  • mesial : junction of incisal and middle third
  • distal: in middle third
distal is more cervical than mesial contact  (same as incisors- class trait)
-crown of canine on distal side is more convex (sticks out more) and that is about where it contacts first premolar
41
Q

how are canines different from incisors?

A
  • only one kind of canine
  • pentagon shape (not rectangle)
  • canines have no mamelons
  • canines may have notches on cusp ridges
42
Q

what is the cusp angle of canines

A

105 degrees

43
Q

what can you see from a lingual view of canine

A
  • narrow lingual root (more narrow than labial side of root

- can often see mesial and distal outlines, and may be able to see longitudinal root depressions on the proximal sides.

44
Q

maxillary canine featues: cingulum, cingulum/cusp location, ridge comparisons

A

maxillary:
- cingulum is large
- cingulum and tip of cusp are usually centered mesio-distally.
- lingual ridge runs from incisal to cingulum and has two fossae on either side.
- lingual ridge is more prominent than mesial and distal marginal ridges
- distal marginal ridge is more prominent or elevated than mesial
- mesial marginal ridge is longer than distal because of more incisal position of mesial contact.

45
Q

cej curve of maxillary canines?

A

mesial is more curved than distal, dips incisally (same as incisors)

46
Q

differences b/w max/mand canines

incisal view

A

mandibular :

  • narrower mesiodistally
  • outline is more symmetrical than maxillary canines
47
Q

mandibular canine contacts (how does it compare to maxillary?)

A

mesial : incisal third , just cervical to mesioincisal angle. (more incisal than maxillary canines mesial contact - in maillary its at junction of incisal and middle thirds)

distal: incisal and middle junction (distal contact of MAXillary is most cervical of all canine contacts in the middle third)

same pattern where distal is more cervical than mesial though

48
Q

mandibular canine labial view features (vs max?)

A
  • mesial contour is almost flat or just slightly convex, nearly in line with root contour.
  • distal is slightly concave in cervical third and convex in distal incisal. (not sure abotu that for max, seems less so)
  • mesial slope of cusp is shorter than the distal same as maxillary, but the mesial cusp ridge is SHORTER AND MORE HORIZONTAL on mandibular than maxillary!!

-labial ridge is smooth and convex in mandible, but not as pronounced in mandible as maxillary canine.

49
Q

canine max vs mand- root differences

A

maxillary canine cusp tip is labial to the long axis of the root. Mandibular is lingual to the long axis of the root!
–thats the best way to distinguish the two.

50
Q

cingulum of canine max vs mand

A
  • lower and less prominent in mandible than it is in maxillary
  • mandibular canine cingulum is center or distal to root axis (like mandibular lateral incisors and maxillary central incisors)
  • maxillary canine cingulum and cusp tip are more centered over root axis.
51
Q

lingual canine view, mandibular vs maxillary

A
  • lingual ridge and fossae are not as prominent in mandibular as maxillary
  • pits and grooves are rarely ever present in mandibular
  • marginal ridges arent as prominent, surface appears smoother in mandibular canines
  • both have longer mesial marginal ridges
52
Q

proximal view of canine, max vs mand

A
  • CEJ curves more incisally on mandibular canine than maxillary!
  • labial crest of curvature and height of contour on facial side are more cervical on mandibular than maxillary
  • distal incisal angle is more lingual than the cusp tip on mandibular canines (distolingual twist on incisal edge)
53
Q

mandibular vs max canine roots

A
  • mandibular root is shorter than maxillary, lacks curvature

- still has mesial and distal root depressions with distal being more prominent

54
Q

how do max and mand canines interact

A

the flattened surface distal to the labial ridge on the mandibualr canine is where the opposing canines contact. (more labial than distal incisal edge)

55
Q

what shape can the maxillary canine incisal facet be?

A

can be diamond shaped

56
Q

when can more than one root appear in canines

A

more commonly found in mandibular canines. rare in maxillary canines. Results in facial and lingual roots, may be split in apical 1/3 or may extend into the cervical 1/3 of root. or middle 1/3rd.

PRD 131 (25 decks)

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