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Poli Theory > Quiz 2 (Hobbes) > Flashcards

Quiz 2 (Hobbes) Flashcards

1
Q

Leviathan

A
  • Published 1651
  • Pursuit of glory is the hardest problem
  • Written in wake of laws of religion, Thirty Years War and English civil war
  • Written and publsihed in France
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2
Q

Martin Luther

A
  • 95 Theses against indulgences and Roman Catholic Church
  • UK adopted it so Henry 8 could divorce his wife
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3
Q

Oliver Cromwell

A
  • King Henry’s advisor
  • Linked Protestantism to political reform
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4
Q

Introduction

A
  • Humans can go beyond nature
  • State is the most powerful creation by man
  • Mechanistic science
  • Leviathan is the mythical being in the book of Jobe
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4
Q

Leviathan Published

A
  • 1651 when Hobbes returns to France
  • Is called blasphemous
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5
Q

Thomas Hobbes

A
  • Born in UK
  • Tutored Charles 2 in Paris
  • Moved back to UK when C2 reinstated the monarchy
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6
Q

Mechanistic Science

A
  • God winds the clock and then steps back
  • Springs and gears as the actions and reaction
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7
Q

Chapter 1

A
  • Origins of thought as sense and pressure
  • Shadows and semblance, can only understand our reactions and not get truth
  • Attack on Aristotle scholasticism
  • Truth comes from us
  • Institutions are organized to avoid pain
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8
Q

Chapter 2

A
  • Imagination is decaying sense
  • Impressions have no lasting authority
  • Evil men use religion to manipulate into believe what we know is false
  • People would obey law if not misled
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9
Q

Chapter 3

A
  • Guided and unguided train of thought
  • We are different from animals because we can reason effect to cause
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10
Q

Unguided Thought

A
  • Random associations
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11
Q

Speech

A
  • Allows us to determine cause and effect
  • Separates us from the beast
  • General terms so we don’t have to keep proving a point
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11
Q

Guided Thought

A
  • Regulated thought guided by desire/passions, design, or fear
  • Cause to effect and vice versa
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12
Q

Chapter 4

A
  • Speech as most noble and profitable invention
  • Reason, proccess to get from c to e
  • Science, reasoning all related things coherently
  • Use both to create map of action and re
  • If we could be reasonable we could have peaceful politics
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13
Q

Chapter 6

A
  • Individual psychology
  • Humans are passive, react to the world
  • Primary impulses, attraction and repulsion
  • State to avoid fears and pursue interest
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14
Q

Chapter 7

A
  • Ends/resolution of discourse
  • Opinion, needs faith or trust, is removed from poli sci
15
Q

Chapter 8

A
  • Intellectual virtues
  • Humans are mechanistic, so we have to understand how passions drive
  • A and r drive reason/intellectual inquiry
16
Q

Chapter 10-11

A
  • Power is means to get anything
  • If you get something that becomes power to get more
  • Never satisfied as we always have desires
  • Everyone wants everything, problem
17
Q

Chapter 12

A
  • Religion, seed in man
  • Driven by fear, trying to explain unexplainable
  • Adeist, God as winding but not engaged
18
Q

Chapter 13

A
  • State of nature
  • Equality is every man’s ability to threaten each other and be threatened
  • Driven out of SoN by fear etc.
19
Q

Prudence and Reason

A
  • All have capacity for prudence and reason
  • Overestimate ourselves and underestimate others, pride
  • 13
20
Q

Pride

A
  • Pride leads to fear leads to war
  • 13
21
Q

Recognition

A
  • Seek to punish those who underestimate us
  • Always seek to be recognized for superiority never succeed
  • 13
22
Q

3 Types of Drive

A
  • 3 types of drive
    1. Competition, desire for recognition
    2. Fear, others are equally capable
    3. Glory, demand for recognition
  • Find ourselves in a state of war
  • 13
23
Q

SoN War

A

-State of nature is war
- Idea that war is always possible
- 13

24
Q

Progress

A
  • SoN being war means we can’t relax, always preparing for war
  • No progress or meaningful communities
  • 13
25
Q

Natural Equality

A
  • 13, all equal in capacity to get what we want
  • Equal in fear of death so we submit to gov.
26
Q

13, P13-14

A
  • Even if no fear of death, SoN is still undesirable
  • Lack of neutral arbitrator in SoN
27
Q

Chapter 14

A
  • Right of Nature, absolute freedom to use power and preserve nature
  • Natural right is problem, move past it using reason
  • 2 Laws of Nature
28
Q

Natural Right

A
  • Chapter 14
    1. Freedom to do whatever for self-preservation
    2. Can give to sovereign but can’t give up self-preservation
    3. Right to everything
29
Q

Natural Law

A
  • Precepts that would allow leaving SoN
  • 14
30
Q

Law of Nature 1

A
  • 14
  • Moved by fear to go after peace
31
Q

Law of Nature 2

A
  • 14
  • Peace through recognition that we’ll be better off without absolute freedom
32
Q

Chapter 15

A
  • Law of nature 3, everyone must uphold covenants
  • The fool: violating a covenant is in a person’s best self-interest and reasonable to violate when it is
33
Q

Chapter 16

A
  • Person acts through own will or representative
  • Author owns actions of a person
  • Unity under single author

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