Quiz 2. Exam 2. Stark's Stages Flashcards
What is stage 1 of Stark’s Pre-Linguistic Stages called?
Reflexive Crying and Vegetative Sounds
What is the age range for Stark’s Stage 1, Reflexive Crying and Vegetative Sounds?
Birth - 2 mos
List the characteristics of Stark’s Stage 1, Reflexive Crying and Vegetative Sounds (3).
- Reflexive vocalizations include: crying, coughing, and burps that are automatic responses reflecting the baby’s physical state.
- Vegetative sounds are divided into grunts.
- Sighs associated with activity include clicks and other noises associated with feeding.
What is stage 2 of Stark’s Pre-linguistic Stages called?
Cooing and Laughter
What is the age range for Stark’s Stage 2, Cooing and Laughter?
2 - 4 mos
List the characteristics of Stark’s Stage 2, Cooing and Laughter (4).
- Cooing and gooing are produced during comfortable states.
- Although vowel-like, the productions contain some consonantal elements (back of mouth/nasalized vowels).
- Cyrign decreases and vegetative sounds start to disappear at 12 weeks.
- At 16 weeks, sustained laughter
What is stage 3 of Stark’s Pre-Linguistic stages called?
Vocal Play
What is the age range for stage 3, Vocal Play, of Stark’s Pre-Linguistic stage?
4-6 mos
List the characteristics of Stark’s stage 3, Vocal Play (4).
- Distinguished by longer series of segments and the production of prolonged vowels and consonants.
- Extreme variation in pitch and loudness.
- Transitions are slower.
- Vowels demonstrate more variation in tongue height and position.
What is stage 4 of Stark’s Pre-Linguistic stages called?
Canonical Babbling
What is the age range for stage 4, Canonical Babbling, of Stark’s Pre-Linguistic stages?
6 months +
List the characteristics of Stark’s stage 4, Canonical Babbling (3).
- Collective term for reducplicated and nonreduplicated babbling.
- Babbling until the use of first words.
What are the characteristics of reduplicated babbling in terms of Stark’s stage 4?
Reduplicated babbling:
- Strings of similar consonant-vowel productions.
- May be a nasal quality to vowels but consonants will stay the same from syllable to syllable.
What are the characteristics of non-reduplicated babbling in terms of Stark’s stage 4?
Non-reduplicated babbling:
1. Demonstrates a variation of both consonants and vowels from syllable to syllable.
- Transition is smooth between vowels and consonants.
- Initially, babbling is self-stimulatory in nature, no communicative.
- Toward the end of the stage, babbling may be used in ritual imitation games with adults.