Quiz 2 Flashcards
What is the motto of psychology and which student was it that recorded this?
“Know Thyself”
Plato
What was Socrates method?
Introspection
Who was Plato’s teacher?
Socrates
What is introspection?
1- involves a close examination of our thoughts and feelings
2- “looking within”
Who was Aristotle’s teacher?
Plato
What did Aristotle accomplish?
1- Outlined the laws of association
2- Believed people are motivated to seek self-gain and pleasure and avoid pain
Define the laws of associationism.
1- certain experiences often remind us of similar experiences of the past
2- Specific things make us feel secure
3- Thoughts lead to ideas as we dream
Who was Hippocrates and what did he believe in?
A Greek Physician
- Believed that psychological disorders are caused by abnormalities in the brain/ most Greek however believed that abnormal behavior was a way the gods punished people
During the Middle Ages, people thought problems such as agitation an confusion were signs of ___.
Demon possession and was punishment for sin or deals made with the devil
What was the Water-Floater Test?
1- Determined if a person was possessed
2- People who drowned were pure, but those who didn’t sink were in league with the devil
What century was the birth of psychology?
1800s
In what year did people begin to study human behavior and mental processes in search of evidence to and cause of psychological disorders?
1879
What years was Wilhelm Wundt alive and what did he accomplish?
(1832-1920)
1- Founded a field of psychology that came to be known a structuralism
2- Believed that the human mind functioned by combining basic elements and experienced sensations and feelings
3- Structuralism was used as a method of Introspection
Define Structuralism.
Concerned with discovering the basic elements of consciousness – 2 categories of consciousness
1- Objective sensations: sight, sound, and taste were assumed to accurately reflect the outside world
2- Subjective feelings: include emotional responses and mental images
What years were William Jame alive an what did he accomplish?
1842-1910
1- Did not believe that conscious experience could be broke down as structuralists believed
2- Believed that experience is a continuous “stream of consciousness”
3- Wrote “The Principles of Psychology” (1890)
4- Founded the school of functionalism
