Quiz 2

Question 1

are the primary storage form of energy and serve as an animal’s body’s “savings account”​

Answer 1

Triglycerides (fats)

Question 2

like triglycerides are more common and are an important component in animal rations (e.g., vegetable oil and animal fats such as tallow or lard)

Answer 2

Simple lipids

Question 3

are composed of a lipid plus a nonlipid molecule (e.g., protein)​

Answer 3

Compound lipids

Question 4

are a family of fatty acids that contain one or more double bonds between adjacent carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain​

Answer 4

Unsaturated fatty acids

Question 5

are the main players in lipid nutrition due to their diversity in structure, composition, and metabolizability​

Answer 5

Fatty acids

Question 6

is a trans fatty acid present in cow’s milk or other ruminant food like beef and is produced by rumen microbes during the biohydrogenation process​

Answer 6

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)

Question 7

are the most abundant steroid in the human diet​

Answer 7

Sterols

Question 8

is the best-known steroid and is the precursor of many substances such as vitamin D, bile acids, sex hormones, and corticosteroid hormones​

Answer 8

Cholesterol

Question 9

serve as energy reserves for the plant (seeds) or animal (fat depots)​

Answer 9

Triglycerides

Question 10

is the dispersion of lipids in small droplets​

Answer 10

Emulsification

Question 11

of unsaturated fatty acids is the second major transformation that dietary lipids undergo in the rumen​

Answer 11

Biohydrogenation

Question 12

are temporary compounds formed during the fat digestion and absorption process​

Answer 12

Micelles and chylomicrons

Question 13

for fat digestion is called bile salt recycling​

Answer 13

reuse of bile salt

Question 14

are temporary compounds that are formed during lipid absorption​

Answer 14

Micelles

Question 15

consist of an inner core of hydrophobic lipids surrounded by a surface layer of phospholipids, cholesterol, and outer proteins (apolipoprotein)​

Answer 15

Lipoproteins

Question 16

is the process of synthesizing lipids as a means of storing chemical energy​

Answer 16

Lipogenesis

Question 17

is a metabolic disorder when excessive quantities of ketone bodies are produced​

Answer 17

Ketosis

Question 18

is the location of fatty acid synthesis​

Answer 18

cytosol

Question 19

is the starting material for fatty acid synthesis​

Answer 19

Acetyl CoA

Question 20

are esters of fatty acids with alcohol, commonly referred to as triacylglycerols​

Answer 20

Triglycerides

Question 21

are examples of compound lipids and are used for lipid transport​

Answer 21

Lipoproteins

Question 22

Another term for triglycerides is?

Answer 22

triacylglycerol​

Question 23

is the most abundant steroid present in animal tissue and serves as a precursor for vitamin D, bile acids, and steroid hormones​

Answer 23

Cholesterol

Question 24

are acted upon by enzyme pancreatic lipase and converted into fatty acids, monoglycerides, and glycerol​

Answer 24

Triglycerides

Question 25

Too much unsaturated fatty acids can be toxic to rumen microbes​

Answer 25

biohydrogenation

Question 26

is the part of the small intestine where fatty acids are absorbed​

Answer 26

jejunum

Question 27

emulsifies the fat, and pancreatic lipase hydrolyzes them to release fatty acids and glycerol​

Answer 27

Bile salt

Question 28

is also known as bad cholesterol, which transports cholesterol to tissues​

Answer 28

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)

Question 29

also known as good cholesterol and is responsible for the reverse transport or removal of cholesterol from tissues​

Answer 29

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is

Question 30

Part of cell where Fatty acids are oxidized by converting them to acetyl CoA.

Answer 30

mitochondria