Microminerals Flashcards
What are the 8 microminerals:
- manganese
- zinc
- iron
- copper
- selenium
- molybdenum
- iodine
- cobalt
It is a trace mineral that is a dietary essential for animals. In the animal body, it is widespread but is concentrated in bone and liver.
Manganese (Mn)
Manganese is essential for the maintenance and production of the ? of the organic matrix of the bone
mucopolysaccharide
They have normal tendon growth but slow or abnormal bone growth
Mn-deficient animals
Mn-deficient animals have normal tendon growth but slow or abnormal bone growth. This leads to symptoms such as 1. ? (slipped tendon) in chicks and 2. ? in young ruminants.
- perosis
- crooked calf
also serves as an important cofactor for many enzymes that catalyze carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism
Manganese
A large portion of Mn is located within the ?, where it activates a number of metal-enzyme complexes, such as pyruvate carboxylase, that regulate carbohydrate metabolism
mitochondria
A large portion of Mn is located within the mitochondria, where it activates a number of metal-enzyme complexes, such as ?, that regulate carbohydrate metabolism
pyruvate carboxylase
also functions as a cofactor in lipid metabolism through its role in cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis
Manganese
The absorption of manganese from the diet is very poor and is less than what percentage of intake?
10%
Excessive dietary Ca or P inhibits what absorption?
Mn absorption
Manganese is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract as?
Mn 2+
Manganese is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract as Mn 2+, oxidized to form?
Mn 3+
Manganese is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract as Mn 2+, oxidized to form Mn 3+, and transported to tissues using ? as a carrier
transferrin
Excessive Mn in diet can induce what deficiency?
iron deficiency
Many skeletal abnormalities are associated with what deficiency? and are related to default in mucopolysaccharide synthesis
manganese deficiency
In poultry, perosis (slipped tendon) occurs with what deficiency?
Mn deficiency
contains substances that interfere with Mn absorption causing deficiency
lupine
Reproductive problems such as delayed estrus, poor conception, decrease in litter size and livability in large animals, and reduction in hatchability in birds are reported due to what deficiency?
Mn deficiency
Manganese toxicity is?
very rare
is widely distributed in the animal body. High concentrations of ? can be found in the liver, bones, and animal body coverings, such as hair, wool, skin, and feathers.
Zinc (Zn)
is a cofactor or constituent (metalloenzyme) for more than 100 enzyme systems in the animal body.
Zinc
in tissue is highly related to the tissue distribution of enzymes to which it is related.
Zinc concentration
is a component of insulin and in this way functions with carbohydrate metabolism. It is also required for retinol-binding protein synthesis and is important for T-cell function in immunity and reproductive functioning.
Zn