Quiz #2

Question 1

Where does protein digestion begin in ruminants?

Answer 1

Rumen

Question 2

What is the primary source of energy for ruminants?

Answer 2

VFA’s

Question 3

what is NOT a significant microbe involved in ruminant digestion?

Answer 3

Viruses

Question 4

What is the maximum percentage of fat recommended in ruminant diets?

Answer 4

7%

Question 5

What type of fat is toxic to microbes in the rumen?

Answer 5

Unsaturated fat

Question 6

What process converts unsaturated fat to saturated fat in the rumen?

Answer 6

Biohydrogenatio

Question 7

What condition can occur in dairy cattle due to an imbalance in VFA production?

Answer 7

ketosis

Question 8

Which VFA is increased in the rumen when concentrates are a high proportion of the diet?

Answer 8

propionate

Question 9

Where does lipid digestion begin in monogastric?

Answer 9

Mouth

Question 10

What enzyme in the mouth contributes to lipid digestion?

Answer 10

Lingual Lipase

Question 11

Which cells in the stomach secrete gastric lipase?

Answer 11

Chief Cells

Question 12

Which cells in the stomach secrete gastric lipase?

Answer 12

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Question 13

What substance helps make fat water-soluble during digestion?

Answer 13

Bile Salts, Phospholipids & Colipase (Bile Substances)

Question 14

Where are absorbed fats primarily stored?

Answer 14

muscle, adipose tissue, and Liver

Question 15

Where does protein digestion begin in monogastric?

Answer 15

stomach

Question 16

. What enzyme, secreted by chief cells, is involved in protein digestion in the stomach?

Answer 16

Pepsinogen

Question 17

What activates pepsinogen into its active form, pepsin?

Answer 17

Hydrochloric Acid (HCI)

Question 18

Which hormone stimulates the release of proteases from the pancreas?

Answer 18

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT an active protease involved in protein digestion?

Answer 19

Pepsinogen

Question 20

Where are tripeptides, dipeptides, and amino acids absorbed

Answer 20

Microvilli of Enterocytes

Question 21

Where are absorbed amino acids transported to and stored?

Answer 21

LIver

Question 22

Where does carbohydrate digestion begin in monogastric?

Answer 22

Mouth

Question 23

What enzyme in saliva breaks down carbohydrates?

Answer 23

Salivary Amylase

Question 24

What enzyme is released by the pancreas to break down carbohydrates in the small intestine?

Answer 24

Pancreatic Amylase

Question 25

What type of glycolytic bond is present in amylose?

Answer 25

Alpha 1-4

Question 26

What type of bond, in addition to alpha 1-4, is found in amylopectin

Answer 26

Alpha 1-6

Question 27

What type of bond is present in cellulose?

Answer 27

Beta 1-4

Question 28

. Ruminants are considered _______________ because they have a four-compartment stomach

Answer 28

Polygastric

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a compartment of the ruminant stomach? a) Rumen b) Reticulum c) Omasum d) Gizzard

Answer 29

Gizzard

Question 30

What is the name for the tiny finger-like projections that increase the surface area of the small intestine?

Answer 30

Villi

Question 31

Where does lipid digestion begin in monogastric?

Answer 31

Mouth

Question 32

What is the role of CCK in monogastric digestion?

Answer 32

Stimulate the release of pancreatic lipase and proteases

Question 33

Where are triglycerides broken down into monoacylglycerol (M.A.G.) and fatty acids (F.A.) in monogastrics?

Answer 33

During Lipid Digestion

Question 34

What is the primary role of bile salts in monogastric lipid digestion?

Answer 34

Bind to phospholipids, further breaking down fat and increasing its water solubility

Question 35

Where does carbohydrate digestion begin in monogastric?

Answer 35

mouth

Question 36

which enzyme is responsible for breaking down amylose in the mouth?

Answer 36

Salivary amylase

Question 37

Why does no carbohydrate digestion occur in the stomach of monogastric?

Answer 37

The stomach lacks the necessary enzymes for carbohydrate digestion

Question 38

What is the difference between amylose and cellulose?

Answer 38

Amylose contains alpha bonds, while cellulose contains beta bonds.

Question 39

Where does protein digestion begin in monogastric?

Answer 39

stomach

Question 40

What role does HCl play in monogastric protein digestion?

Answer 40

Activates pepsinogen into pepsin

Question 41

What is the function of proteases like trypsin and chymotrypsin in monogastric protein digestion?

Answer 41

Break down peptides into tripeptides, dipeptides, and amino acids

Question 42

Where are amino acids absorbed in monogastric?

Answer 42

Microvilli of enterocytes in the small intestine

Question 43

What is the primary role of microbes in ruminant digestion?

Answer 43

Break down nutrients, particularly cellulose

Question 44

What are the two main categories of protein sources for ruminants?

Answer 44

Protein sources (nitrogen) and non-protein nitrogen (NPN) sources

Question 45

What type of protein in ruminants is absorbed and utilized similarly to monogastric?

Answer 45

Rumen undegradable protein (RUDP)

Question 46

What are volatile fatty acids (VFAs) in ruminant digestion?

Answer 46

The major energy source for ruminants, produced during carbohydrate fermentation in the rumen

Question 47

Which VFA is associated with ketosis in dairy cattle when its levels change significantly?

Answer 47

Butyrate