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Peds > Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

definition of CP

A

group of permanent disorders of movement/posture development that causes activities limitations that are attributed to non progressive disturbances that occurred in the developing brain

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2
Q

what does CP look like

A

plegia
spasticity
dyskinesia
ataxia
mixed

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3
Q

how common is CP

A

most common physical disability of childhood (2 per 1000) births

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4
Q

how is CP diagnosed

A

clinical and neuro signs

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5
Q

what age is CP diagnosed at

A

12-24 months

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6
Q

motor types for CP

A

spasticity
dyskinesia
ataxia
mixed
hypotonia

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7
Q

most common motor type for CP

A

spastic

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8
Q

limbs affected in spastic quadriplegia/ bilateral

A

both arms and legs
trunk face and mouth can also be affected

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9
Q

limbs affected in spastic diplegia/ bilateral

A

both legs

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10
Q

limbs affected in spastic hemiplegia unilateral

A

one side (arm and leg)

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11
Q

GMFCS level 1

A

kids walk and climb stairs w/o limitations
can run and jump but speed, balance and coordination are impaired

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12
Q

GMFCS level 2

A

kids walk and climb stairs holding onto railings. limitations on uneven surfaces and includes and in crowded spaces

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13
Q

GMFCS level 3

A

kids walk on level surface with AD. May climb stairs w/ railing. May propel WC manually or transported for longer distances

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14
Q

GMFCS level 4

A

kids may walk short distances on a walker and relay on wheeled mobility at home and in community

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15
Q

GMFCS level 5

A

restricted voluntary control of environment and ability to maintain anti gravity head and trunk posture. all areas of Motor control limited. transported, no independent mobility

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16
Q

common co morbidities of CP

A

inability to walk, inability to talk, pain, epilepsy, behavioral disorders, intellectual impairment, vision impairment, bladder control problems, sleep disorders, salvia control

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17
Q

types of etiology of CP and occurance

A

prenatal 80%
post natal 10%
peri natal 10%

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18
Q

risk factors for CP

A

low birth weight
premature birth
multi births
maternal conditions
prenatal infections/ toxin exposure
perinatal: breech birth, complication LD
postnatal: meconium aspiration

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19
Q

what is the leading cause of CP in preterm infants

A

periventricular leukomalacia

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20
Q

what is PVL

A

damage to white matter

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21
Q

what is IVH or ICH

A

bleeding in brain d/t weak or fragile blood vessels

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22
Q

does genetics play a role in CP

A

yes

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23
Q

symptoms of IVH

A

apnea
bradychardia
cyanosis
weak suck
high pitch cry
seizures
swelling/ bulging of fontanelles (soft spots)
anemia

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24
Q

perinatal causes of CP

A

birth asphyxia
hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
neonatal stroke

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25
Q

postnatal causes of CP

A

non-accidental injury
head trauma
meningitis/encephalitis
cardiopulmonary arrest

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26
Q

is CP an UMN or LMN problem

A

UMN patho

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27
Q

where do UMN synapse onto LMN

A

ventral (anterior) horn of SC

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28
Q

where do UMN travel through

A

pyramidal tracts

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29
Q

+ signs of UMN lesion

A

muscle spasticity d/t reduced descending inhibitory signals from brain

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30
Q
  • signs of UMN lesion
A

weakness of loss of dexterity d/t reduced descending excitatory signals from brain

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31
Q

do lesions of extrapyramidal tracts cause UMN signs?

A

no b/c they modulate and refine movement

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32
Q

what does selective dorsal rhizotomy do

A

sacrifice sensory rootlets to reduce spasticity and inc. LE dissociation

33
Q

manual ability classification system

A

levels 1-5 (1 is handles objects easily and 5 is does not and has sever limits for simple actions)

34
Q

communication function classification system

A

levels 1 -5 with 1 least severe

35
Q

eating and drinking ability classification system

A

levels 1-5 (1 least severe)

36
Q

primary considerations with CP

A

neurological insult

37
Q

secondary considerations with CP

A

abnormal growth and development of the MSK system

38
Q

Tertiary considerations with CP

A

movement compensations for NM and MSK for person to achieve functional mobility

39
Q

barriers to ambulation for youth with CP

A

limited access to community resources
barriers to PA and fitness opportunities
more sedentary
more deconditioned

40
Q

how much time is spent in sedentary behavior for kids with CP

A

75-98%

41
Q

3 components of PT exam

A

history
systems review
exam

42
Q

BS/BF exam for CP

A

vitals, height, weight, BMI, strength, ROM, aerobic capacity, balance, endurance, power
spasticity and SMC

43
Q

activity exam for CP

A

PEDI
gait speed
GMFM 66
motor planning and performance observations

44
Q

participation measures for CP

A

COPM
GAS
PEM-CY
SFA
CAPE

45
Q

How to measure strength for CP

A

MMT or HHD- best
isokinetic, isotonic, functional strength

46
Q

how to measure endurance for CP

A

submax: 10 MWT, 1,3, or 6MWT (or 6m WC push)
functional mobility: modified TUG (FTST)
max aerobic: shuttle run test
anaerobic/power: muscle power sprint
muscle endurance: 30 sec RM lateral step ups and sit to stands
PA: accelerometers, pedometers, PA record

47
Q

precautions with CP and exercise

A

cardiopulmonary conditions
monitor vitals
obesity is higher rate
covid (long haul)

48
Q

how to measure BMI with CP

A

use CP BMI growth chart for kids (gender specific)

49
Q

how to measure pain for kids with CP

A

self report (verbal, questionnaire, analogue)
behavioral cuing (expressions, sweating, cardiorespiratory change)
pain checklist (non communicators)
pain assessment instrument for CP
FLACC or FACES

50
Q

measures for spasticity

A

modified tardieu scale
modified ashworth scale

51
Q

what is SCALE

A

selective control assessment of lower extremity
to quantify LE selectivity voluntary motor control

52
Q

what does SCALE test specifically and scoring?

A

hip flex/ext
knee flex/ext
ankle DF/PF
subtler inversion/eversion
toe flex/ext
2 (normal), 1 (impaired), 0 (unable)

53
Q

balance measures for CP

A

pedi reach test
pedi balance scale
righting or equilibrium rxns
SATCo

54
Q

SATCo levels (general)

A

1 (C7 only head control)
2-4 thoracic control
5-6 lumbar control
7 full trunk control

55
Q

CP MSK exam for BS/BF

A

scoliosis
ROM or hips
alignment and symmetry of LE

56
Q

what to look at ROM for CP

A

hip IR/ER
Hip abd
Thomas and ober tests

57
Q

what to look for alignment for CP

A

femoral anteversion
tibial torsion
galeassi for LLD

58
Q

components of hip surveillance for CP

A

parent/child questions on pain and stiffness and changes
X-ray
physical exam based on age and GMFCS level

59
Q

when to refer to MD after hip surveillance for CP

A

migration % greater than 30% on x ray
hip ABD end range (R2) less than 30 deg
hip abduction or Thomas test shows deterioration or asymmetry
yes to questions

60
Q

best way to measure muscle strength for CP

A

HHD
correlated to GMFM

61
Q

do you do break test or make test for CP

A

make

62
Q

shuttle run versions for CP, distances, and GMFCS levels

A

SRT-1: 10m, level 1
SRT-2: 10m, level 2
SRT-3: 7.5m, level 3

63
Q

how to test muscular endurance for CP

A

sit to stand
lateral step ups
1/2 kneel to stand

64
Q

sit to stand differences between GMFCS levels

A

1 and 2: no hand support
3: hand support for balance only

65
Q

lateral step up differences between GMFCS levels

A

1 and 2: 20cm bench
3: 13cm with hand support

66
Q

how to measure RPE in kids

A

OMNI 0-10

67
Q

five dimensions of gross motor function measure

A

lying and rolling
sitting
crawling and kneeling
standing
walking, running, jumping

68
Q

ages for PEDI

A

6 months - 7.5 years

69
Q

ages for PEDI CAT

A

birth to 21 yo

70
Q

true equines gait

A

hip and knee extended
knee recurvatum
equinus

71
Q

jump gait

A

anterior pelvic tilt
lumbar lordosis
hip and knee flexed
equines

72
Q

apparent equinus

A

increased hip and knee flexion
decreased equinus

73
Q

crouch gait

A

excessive hip and knee flexion
scissoring
excessive dorsiflexion

74
Q

what pre does DGI

A

activity

75
Q

grades for SFA

A

K-6

76
Q

ages for CAPE

A

6-21

77
Q

Ages for PEM CY

A

5-17

78
Q

meds for spasticity

A

baclofen
botox

Peds (5 decks)

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