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Peds > Module 3 > Flashcards

Module 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Primary CP s/s

A

neurological insult

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2
Q

Secondary CP s/s

A

abnormal growth and development of MSK

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3
Q

tertiary CP s/s

A

movement compensations for NM and MSK systems in order to achieve function

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4
Q

overarching concepts of PA and kids with CP

A

limited access to resources in community for recreation
barriers to PA and fitness
more sedentary than typical youth
more deconditioned than typical youth

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5
Q

three components of PT examination for kids with CP

A

history
systems review
examination

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6
Q

fitness components

A

strength, ROM, aerobic capacity, balance, endurance, power

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7
Q

activity measurements for kids with CP

A

PEDI
gait speed
gross motor performance (GMFM 66)
motor planning and performance

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8
Q

participation measures for CP

A

COPM
GAS
PEM-CY
SFA
CAPE

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9
Q

CP measurement for goal attainment

A

GAS

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10
Q

participation in environment measure for CP

A

PEM-CY

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11
Q

school measure of participation for CP

A

SFA

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12
Q

how to measure submit aerobic capacity for CP

A

10 meter walk test
1, 3, 6MWT

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13
Q

how to measure functional mobility for CP

A

modified TUG

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14
Q

how to measure max aerobic capacity for CP

A

shuttle run test

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15
Q

how to measure anaerobic power for CP

A

muscle power sprinter test

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16
Q

how to measure muscular endurance for CP

A

30sec RM lateral step ups or sit to stands

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17
Q

how to measure PA for CP

A

pedometers

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18
Q

precautions for kids with CP

A

check vitals
obesity
covid

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19
Q

how to measure pain in kids with CP

A

FACES scale
or behavioral cues

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20
Q

how to measure spasticity in kids with CP

A

modified tardieu scale
modified ashworth scale

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21
Q

what is SCALE

A

selective control assessment of lower extremity
shows ability to move one joint of LE selectively without involving others

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22
Q

balance measures for CP

A

SATCO
pediatric reach test
pediatric balancee scale
righting reactions

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23
Q

MSK considerations for CP

A

scoliosis
ROM of hip ankle and knee
alignment of femoral head
symmetry of leg length

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24
Q

why is hip surveillance important for kids with CP

A

hip dysplasia happens frequency and want to avoid surgery

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25
Q

components of hip surveillance with kids with CP

A

questions on pain and stiffness
x-rays
Tardieu, Thomas, and galeazzi tests

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26
Q

when to refer during hip surveillance

A

migration greater than 30%
hip ABD end range in <30 deg
asymmetry of hip abd test

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27
Q

how to measure muscle strength CP

A

MMT
handheld dynamometry
isotonic strength
functional strength
isokinetic

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28
Q

is break or make test better for CP

A

make test

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29
Q

test for aerobic capacity CP

A

SRT 1-3

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30
Q

test for muscular endurance for CP

A

sit to stand
lateral step ups
1/2 kneel to stand

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31
Q

gold standard for activity and participation measure for CP

A

gross motor function measure (GMFM)

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32
Q

ages for GMFM for CP

A

5mo to 16yo

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33
Q

what does GMFM measure

A

gross motor capacity

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34
Q

5 dimensions of GMFM

A

lying and rolling
sitting
crawling and kneeling
standing
walking, running, jumping

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35
Q

ages for PEDI

A

6mo-7.5yo

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36
Q

3 domains of pedi

A

self care, mobility, social function

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37
Q

PEDI CAT ages

A

birth- 21 yo

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38
Q

equinus gait

A

hip and knee extended
knee recurvatum
heels off ground

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39
Q

jump gait

A

APT and lumbar lordosis
hip and knee flexed
heels off ground

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40
Q

apparent equinus gait

A

hip and knees flexed
decreased equinus but heels off ground

41
Q

crouch gait

A

excessive hip and knee flexion
scissoring
excessive DF

42
Q

ages for SFA

A

K- 6th grade

43
Q

ages for CAPE

A

6-21yo

44
Q

ages for PEM-CY

A

5-17yo

45
Q

components of functional training for kids with CP

A

strength mobility and endurance

46
Q

medication options for CP

A

baclofen or botox for spasticity
seizure meds

47
Q

orthopedic surgeries that are common with CP

A

single event multi level surgery
soft tissue or osteotomies

48
Q

neurological surgeries common with CP

A

selective dorsal rhizotomy to relieve negative symptoms of spasticity

49
Q

Strength interventions for CP

A

formal strengthening program
functional strengthening

50
Q

considerations for strength training for CP

A

progression
sequencing
program variation

51
Q

outcomes for power training and CP

A

promote well being
maintain BMD
improve pain
improve energy levels
improve bowel and bladder control
muscle strength and walking capacity improved

52
Q

options for land based aerobic exercise for CP

A

sports drills
relay activities
obstacle courses

53
Q

things to consider when choosing aerobic activity equipment with CP

A

functional abilities/goals
alignment
amount of impact
size of equipment
UE vs LE involvement
Childs’ wants

54
Q

what is DCD?

A

children with significant motor incoordination

55
Q

what does DCD affect

A

impairs gross motor, postural, and motor performance and ADLs

56
Q

who has DCD

A

5-6% of kids, boys 2x more than girls

57
Q

cause of DCD

A

no known cause

58
Q

pathologies of DCD

A

lack of automatization of motor actions- cerebellum
motor imagery deficits- impaired feed forward
lack of internal models

59
Q

long term prognosis for DCD

A

persists into adulthood
at risk for physical, emotional, behavioral and mental health consequences

60
Q

DCD activity limitations

A

motor coordination and planning are lacking
difficulty with stairs, in/out car, complex movements

61
Q

DCD participation restrictions

A

difficulty with sports and play
hard time with sports teams and interactions

62
Q

DCD diagnosis

A

diagnosis by exclusion with specific motor signs

63
Q

DCD differential diagnosis

A

rule out neuro trauma, euro and medical conditions, , and CSN issues

64
Q

activity examples that are difficult for kids with DCD

A

run, skip, hop, jumping jacks, use scissors, throwing/catching a ball, multi step movements, proprioception

65
Q

PT initial eval for DCD

A

medical history, general health of child, observation of movement patterns
assessment of strength, ROM, and balance
assessment of movement skills
screening for visiual, language or intellect deficits
refer as needed

66
Q

outcome measures for DCD

A

BOT-2
MABC-2
DCD-Q
GAS
COPM

67
Q

PT intervention framework for DCD

A

work on Coordination, communication, consultation
PA at school and home
lifelong management

68
Q

PT intervention goals for DCD

A

improve strength
improve balance
improve body awareness
improve skills with task-oriented and specific learning

69
Q

what to avoid making worst with DCD

A

poor posture
walking with feet turned in/out
delayed learning
low self esteem
obesity or heart disease

70
Q

how is Down syndrome caused

A

genetic condition with trisomy 21 (one extra chromosome)

71
Q

three types of down syndrome

A

trisomy 21 (most common)
translocation
mosaicisim

72
Q

common characteristics of down syndrome

A

presentation differs by type and severity by involves multiple systems with medical impairments

73
Q

common physical signs of down syndrome

A

flat back of head
broad flat face
slanting eyes
short nose
congenital heart disease
abnormal pelvis
low tone
short hands

74
Q

common co-morbidities with down syndrome

A

hearing loss
otitis media
eye disease
obstructive sleep apnea
congenital heart disease
seizures
leukemia Alzheimer’s

75
Q

primary impairment of down syndrome

A

intellectual disability

76
Q

criteria of intellectual disability for down syndrome

A

IQ greater than 2 SD below mean
challenges with reasoning, judgment, problem solving
deficits in personal independence and social responsibility

77
Q

BS/BF impairments with Down syndrome

A

joint hyper-flexibility
low tone
short limbs
foot deformity
SCFE LCP

78
Q

biggest MSK precautions for down syndrome

A

Atlanto-axial instability

79
Q

what is atlanto-axial instability

A

excessive movement of C2 or C1 that can lead to SCI and death

80
Q

cardiopulmonary precautions for down syndrome

A

septal defects
ASD
tetralogy of fallot
PDA

81
Q

neuromuscular characteristics of down syndrome

A

low tone
impaired postural control

82
Q

gross motor function timelines for kids with down syndrome

A

slower motor milestones and then maxes out at 85%

83
Q

outcome measure for gross motor in down syndrome

A

gross motor function measure (GMFM-88)

84
Q

dimensions of GMFM

A

lying and rolling
sitting
crawling and kneeling
standing
walking, running, jumping

85
Q

participation outcome measures for down syndrome

A

CAPE
PEDI
SFA

86
Q

activity outcome measures for Down syndrome

A

TUDS
TUG
TFTS
FSST

87
Q

BS/BF outcome measures for down syndrome

A

health status
auscultation
BMI
pediatric functional reach
PBS
Beighton scale
joint rom
postural alignment
strength
6MWT
shuttle run

88
Q

PT exam for down syndrome

A

parent interview
observations of skills and cognitive level
screening (tests/measures)

89
Q

considerations for developing POC for down syndrome

A

fun
no complex movements
easy instructions
demonstrate
repeat
patience

90
Q

precautions for PT down syndrome

A

AA clearance
joint integrity
make sure good MSK alignment
maintain postural stability
avoid contact sports
dosage with max HR of 17-180
check for hypothyroidism

91
Q

PT intervention strategy tips for Down syndrome

A

decreased ability to generalize
give info in small pieces
set up is important
follow kids lead
see how kid reacts with learning new gross motor skills
know when to stop
be strategic with planning and giving support
takes a while for skills to be refined
do not change an established skills
learn best through gradual process

92
Q

what age do kids with downsyndrome work on sitting and crawling

A

0-18 months

93
Q

what Agees for kids with down syndrome work on standing alone and walking

A

18-36 months

94
Q

what to work on at 18-36 months with down syndrome

A

positioning and handling for weight bearining
integrate axial and extremity strengthening

95
Q

what age do kids with Down syndrome learn to run, walk up/down stairs, and jump

A

3-6 yo

96
Q

PT interventions 3-6 yo kids with down syndrome

A

collaborate for active lifestyle and participation
work of unctinoal skills, postural control, balance, increase PA

97
Q

what to work on in PT with adults with down syndrome

A

maintain strength, balance, and aerobics, and PA
consider weight, bone health, and discuss community resources

98
Q

types of interventions for PT with down syndrome

A

strength
posture control
aeorbics
weight bearing exercise
communicate with team and family
consider orthoses, theratogs, taping

99
Q
A

Peds (5 decks)

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