Quiz 2 Flashcards
________ are the cognitive structures we use to organize our knowledge of the social world.
Schemas
Automatic thinking is ________ while controlled thinking is ________.
involuntary; voluntary
Alice goes to see a rerun of Jaws (a movie about a vicious shark) a few days before she takes off to Florida on spring break. On break, she finds that she is now too nervous to spend much time actually in the water, since she is convinced that anything she sees in the water is a shark. Her heightened sensitivity is due to
priming
People tend to have ________ emotional reactions the ________ it is to “mentally undo” an outcome.
stronger; easier
In order for priming to work successfully, thoughts need to be both
applicable and accessible.
It is reasonable to expect that in real classrooms there are several gender differences in terms of academic performance, because girls and boys are unwittingly treated differently by teachers and parents. What phenomenon best explains how this treatment could influence academic performance? Self-fulfilling prophecies are a(n)
automatic process.
The “Barnum effect,” in which vague statements about one’s future or personality may be seen as accurate and valid, occurs because of the
representativeness heuristic
According to the authors of your text, what is the primary reason that people often rely on a variety of mental shortcuts?
We’re confronted with an overwhelming amount of social information.
All of the following describe controlled thinking except
a. conscious.
b. considers only one thing at a time.
c. requires mental energy.
d. effortless
effortless
Based on your reading of Chapter 3 (Social Cognition), who would you predict would be more frustrated: Katie, who missed an “A” by one point, or James, who missed an “A” by five points?
Katie, because it’s easier for her to imagine getting one more test item right
